from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.units import inch, cm
from reportlab.platypus import (SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table,
                                 TableStyle, HRFlowable, PageBreak, KeepTogether)
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY
from reportlab.platypus import BaseDocTemplate, Frame, PageTemplate
from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas as pdfcanvas

OUTPUT = "/tmp/workspace/gnm-study-guide/GNM_Revision_Study_Guide.pdf"

# ── Color Palette ──────────────────────────────────────────────
DARK_BLUE   = colors.HexColor("#1A3A5C")
MED_BLUE    = colors.HexColor("#2E86AB")
LIGHT_BLUE  = colors.HexColor("#D6EAF8")
TEAL        = colors.HexColor("#17A589")
LIGHT_TEAL  = colors.HexColor("#D1F2EB")
ORANGE      = colors.HexColor("#E67E22")
LIGHT_ORANGE= colors.HexColor("#FDEBD0")
RED         = colors.HexColor("#C0392B")
LIGHT_RED   = colors.HexColor("#FADBD8")
PURPLE      = colors.HexColor("#7D3C98")
LIGHT_PURPLE= colors.HexColor("#E8DAEF")
YELLOW      = colors.HexColor("#F1C40F")
LIGHT_YELLOW= colors.HexColor("#FEF9E7")
WHITE       = colors.white
LIGHT_GRAY  = colors.HexColor("#F2F3F4")
MID_GRAY    = colors.HexColor("#BDC3C7")
DARK_GRAY   = colors.HexColor("#2C3E50")

# ── Styles ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

def S(name, **kw):
    return ParagraphStyle(name, **kw)

cover_title = S("CoverTitle", fontSize=32, textColor=WHITE,
                alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=40)
cover_sub   = S("CoverSub",   fontSize=16, textColor=colors.HexColor("#AED6F1"),
                alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica", leading=24)
cover_note  = S("CoverNote",  fontSize=11, textColor=colors.HexColor("#D5D8DC"),
                alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", leading=16)

ch_title    = S("ChTitle",    fontSize=20, textColor=WHITE,
                alignment=TA_LEFT, fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=26,
                spaceAfter=4)
section_hd  = S("SecHd",      fontSize=14, textColor=DARK_BLUE,
                fontName="Helvetica-Bold", spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=4)
sub_hd      = S("SubHd",      fontSize=12, textColor=TEAL,
                fontName="Helvetica-Bold", spaceBefore=6, spaceAfter=3)
body        = S("Body",       fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                fontName="Helvetica", leading=15, spaceAfter=3)
body_bold   = S("BodyBold",   fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=15, spaceAfter=3)
bullet_s    = S("Bullet",     fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                fontName="Helvetica", leading=15, leftIndent=14,
                bulletIndent=0, spaceAfter=2,
                bulletText="\u2022")
tip_s       = S("Tip",        fontSize=10, textColor=colors.HexColor("#1A5276"),
                fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", leading=14,
                leftIndent=8, spaceAfter=2)
small_bold  = S("SmallBold",  fontSize=9,  textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=12)
table_hd    = S("TblHd",      fontSize=9,  textColor=WHITE,
                fontName="Helvetica-Bold", alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=12)
table_cell  = S("TblCell",    fontSize=9,  textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                fontName="Helvetica", alignment=TA_LEFT, leading=12)
footer_s    = S("Footer",     fontSize=8,  textColor=MID_GRAY,
                alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica-Oblique")

# ── Page callbacks ─────────────────────────────────────────────
def cover_bg(canv, doc):
    w, h = A4
    # gradient-like background: two rects
    canv.setFillColor(DARK_BLUE)
    canv.rect(0, 0, w, h, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFillColor(MED_BLUE)
    canv.rect(0, h*0.55, w, h*0.45, fill=1, stroke=0)
    # decorative bar
    canv.setFillColor(TEAL)
    canv.rect(0, h*0.54, w, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFillColor(ORANGE)
    canv.rect(0, h*0.54-8, w, 4, fill=1, stroke=0)

def normal_page(canv, doc):
    w, h = A4
    # top bar
    canv.setFillColor(DARK_BLUE)
    canv.rect(0, h-36, w, 36, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    canv.setFillColor(WHITE)
    canv.drawString(1.5*cm, h-24, "GNM Revision Study Guide")
    canv.drawRightString(w-1.5*cm, h-24, "Nursing Excellence Series")
    # bottom bar
    canv.setFillColor(DARK_BLUE)
    canv.rect(0, 0, w, 28, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
    canv.setFillColor(MID_GRAY)
    canv.drawCentredString(w/2, 9, f"Page {doc.page}")
    # side accent
    canv.setFillColor(TEAL)
    canv.rect(0, 28, 4, h-64, fill=1, stroke=0)

def chapter_page(canv, doc):
    normal_page(canv, doc)

# ── Helper builders ────────────────────────────────────────────
def chapter_header(title, subtitle="", color=MED_BLUE):
    w, _ = A4
    inner_w = w - 3.5*cm   # account for left accent bar + margins
    tbl = Table([[Paragraph(title, ch_title)],
                 [Paragraph(subtitle, S("ChSub", fontSize=11, textColor=colors.HexColor("#AED6F1"),
                                        fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", leading=16))]],
                colWidths=[inner_w])
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,-1), color),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 14),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ("ROUNDEDCORNERS", [6]),
    ]))
    return tbl

def info_box(text, bg=LIGHT_BLUE, border=MED_BLUE):
    w, _ = A4
    inner_w = w - 3.5*cm
    tbl = Table([[Paragraph(text, tip_s)]], colWidths=[inner_w])
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), bg),
        ("LINERIGHT",     (0,0), (-1,-1), 4, border),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ]))
    return tbl

def two_col_table(headers, rows, col_widths=None, hdr_color=MED_BLUE):
    w, _ = A4
    inner_w = w - 3.5*cm
    if col_widths is None:
        col_widths = [inner_w * 0.38, inner_w * 0.62]
    data = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in headers]]
    for row in rows:
        data.append([Paragraph(str(c), table_cell) for c in row])
    tbl = Table(data, colWidths=col_widths, repeatRows=1)
    style = [
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  hdr_color),
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,1), (-1,-1), LIGHT_GRAY),
        ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, LIGHT_GRAY]),
        ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "MIDDLE"),
    ]
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle(style))
    return tbl

def three_col_table(headers, rows, col_widths=None, hdr_color=TEAL):
    w, _ = A4
    inner_w = w - 3.5*cm
    if col_widths is None:
        col_widths = [inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.38, inner_w*0.34]
    data = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in headers]]
    for row in rows:
        data.append([Paragraph(str(c), table_cell) for c in row])
    tbl = Table(data, colWidths=col_widths, repeatRows=1)
    style = [
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  hdr_color),
        ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, LIGHT_TEAL]),
        ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "MIDDLE"),
    ]
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle(style))
    return tbl

def B(text):
    return Paragraph(f"\u2022  {text}", bullet_s)

def sp(n=6):
    return Spacer(1, n)

def HR():
    return HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=MID_GRAY, spaceAfter=4, spaceBefore=4)

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# BUILD DOCUMENT
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
doc = BaseDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT, pagesize=A4,
    leftMargin=1.8*cm, rightMargin=1.2*cm,
    topMargin=1.5*cm,  bottomMargin=1.2*cm,
    title="GNM Revision Study Guide",
    author="Orris Nursing Series"
)

cover_frame  = Frame(0, 0, A4[0], A4[1], leftPadding=1.8*cm, rightPadding=1.2*cm,
                     topPadding=1.5*cm, bottomPadding=1.2*cm, id="cover")
normal_frame = Frame(0.5*cm, 1.0*cm, A4[0]-1.7*cm, A4[1]-2.8*cm,
                     leftPadding=1.0*cm, rightPadding=0.5*cm,
                     topPadding=0.3*cm, bottomPadding=0.3*cm, id="normal")

doc.addPageTemplates([
    PageTemplate(id="Cover",  frames=[cover_frame],  onPage=cover_bg),
    PageTemplate(id="Normal", frames=[normal_frame], onPage=normal_page),
])

story = []

# ─────────────────────────── COVER PAGE ───────────────────────
story.append(Spacer(1, 3.2*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("📘 GNM", cover_title))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.3*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("Revision Study Guide", cover_title))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.6*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("General Nursing and Midwifery", cover_sub))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.4*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("Complete Theory + Quick Revision + Career Roadmap", cover_sub))
story.append(Spacer(1, 1.2*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("─────────────────────────────────", cover_note))
story.append(Spacer(1, 0.5*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("Anatomy & Physiology  •  Medical-Surgical Nursing", cover_note))
story.append(Paragraph("Pharmacology  •  Community Health  •  OBG  •  Pediatrics", cover_note))
story.append(Paragraph("Mental Health  •  Career Options  •  Revision Techniques", cover_note))
story.append(Spacer(1, 1.0*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("Orris Nursing Excellence Series  |  2026", cover_note))

from reportlab.platypus import NextPageTemplate
story.append(NextPageTemplate("Normal"))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── PAGE 2: HOW TO USE ───────────────
story.append(chapter_header("📖 How to Use This Guide", "Smart revision strategies for GNM students", DARK_BLUE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Revision Techniques", section_hd))
story.append(HR())

techniques = [
    ["Technique", "Description", "Best For"],
    ["3R Method", "Read → Recall → Review\nClose book, write what you remember, then compare", "All subjects"],
    ["Flowcharts", "Convert theory into visual diagrams\n1 page theory = 1 diagram", "Anatomy, Physiology"],
    ["Mnemonics", "Create Hindi/English shortcuts\nfor long lists", "Pharmacology, Cranial nerves"],
    ["Teach-Back", "Explain topic to yourself/friend\nIf can't explain = not learned yet", "Any difficult topic"],
    ["PYQ Practice", "Solve previous year exam questions\nIdentifies important topics", "Exam preparation"],
    ["Flashcards", "Front: Question | Back: Answer\nRevise 20-30 cards daily (use Anki app)", "Definitions, Drug names"],
]
w, _ = A4
inner_w = w - 3.5*cm
tdata = [[Paragraph(techniques[0][i], table_hd) for i in range(3)]]
for row in techniques[1:]:
    tdata.append([Paragraph(c, table_cell) for c in row])
t = Table(tdata, colWidths=[inner_w*0.22, inner_w*0.48, inner_w*0.30], repeatRows=1)
t.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  PURPLE),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, LIGHT_PURPLE]),
    ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
]))
story.append(t)
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Daily Study Timetable", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
timetable = [
    ["Time", "Activity"],
    ["6:00 - 8:00 AM",  "New topic study (fresh mind - best retention)"],
    ["2:00 - 4:00 PM",  "Revision of morning topic + make notes"],
    ["7:00 - 9:00 PM",  "Previous year questions / Flashcards"],
    ["Before sleep",    "10 min - repeat key points mentally"],
    ["Sunday",          "Full week revision only - NO new topics"],
]
story.append(two_col_table(["Time", "Activity"], timetable[1:], [inner_w*0.3, inner_w*0.7], hdr_color=ORANGE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(info_box("💡 Golden Rule: Consistency > Intensity. 2 hours daily beats 10 hours once a week. Sleep is when memory consolidates - never sacrifice sleep!", LIGHT_YELLOW, ORANGE))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 1: ANATOMY ───────────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 1: Anatomy & Physiology", "Body systems, structures and functions", MED_BLUE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Key Body Systems Overview", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
systems = [
    ["Body System", "Key Organs", "Main Function"],
    ["Cardiovascular", "Heart, Blood vessels, Blood", "Pump blood, transport O2/nutrients"],
    ["Respiratory",    "Lungs, Trachea, Bronchi", "Gas exchange (O2 in, CO2 out)"],
    ["Renal/Urinary",  "Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder", "Filter blood, remove waste, regulate fluid"],
    ["Nervous",        "Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves", "Control all body functions"],
    ["Endocrine",      "Pituitary, Thyroid, Pancreas", "Hormone secretion, metabolism"],
    ["Digestive",      "Stomach, Intestines, Liver", "Digestion and absorption of nutrients"],
    ["Musculoskeletal","Bones, Muscles, Joints", "Support, movement, protection"],
    ["Reproductive",   "Ovaries/Testes, Uterus", "Reproduction"],
    ["Immune/Lymphatic","Lymph nodes, Spleen, WBC", "Defense against infection"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Body System", "Key Organs", "Main Function"], systems[1:]))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Heart - Quick Revision", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(B("4 chambers: Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle"))
story.append(B("4 valves: Tricuspid, Pulmonary, Mitral (Bicuspid), Aortic"))
story.append(B("Normal heart rate: 60-100 bpm | Normal BP: 120/80 mmHg"))
story.append(B("Cardiac output = Heart rate × Stroke volume (Normal: ~5 L/min)"))
story.append(B("SA node = natural pacemaker of heart (60-100 bpm)"))
story.append(B("AV node delays impulse by 0.1 sec to allow ventricular filling"))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Respiratory System - Key Values", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
resp_vals = [
    ["Parameter", "Normal Value"],
    ["Tidal Volume (TV)", "500 mL"],
    ["Respiratory Rate", "12-20 breaths/min"],
    ["Vital Capacity (VC)", "~4800 mL (male)"],
    ["Residual Volume (RV)", "~1200 mL"],
    ["O2 Saturation (SpO2)", "95-100%"],
    ["PaO2", "80-100 mmHg"],
    ["PaCO2", "35-45 mmHg"],
    ["pH (arterial blood)", "7.35-7.45"],
]
story.append(two_col_table(["Parameter", "Normal Value"], resp_vals[1:], [inner_w*0.5, inner_w*0.5], hdr_color=TEAL))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(info_box("📝 Exam Tip: Learn normal values by heart - questions on ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) values are very common in GNM exams!", LIGHT_TEAL, TEAL))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 2: MED-SURG ──────────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 2: Medical-Surgical Nursing", "Disease management and nursing care", TEAL))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Disease Revision Format (Use for EVERY disease)", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(info_box("Always study each disease in this format:\nDefinition → Causes (Etiology) → Signs & Symptoms → Diagnosis → Treatment → Nursing Care → Complications", LIGHT_BLUE, MED_BLUE))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Common Diseases - Quick Reference", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
diseases = [
    ["Disease", "Key Signs/Symptoms", "Key Nursing Care"],
    ["Myocardial Infarction (MI)", "Crushing chest pain, radiation to left arm/jaw, diaphoresis, nausea", "Bed rest, O2, ECG monitoring, IV access, pain relief (morphine)"],
    ["Diabetes Mellitus", "Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, fatigue", "Blood sugar monitoring, insulin admin, foot care, diet education"],
    ["Hypertension", "Headache, dizziness, BP >140/90, blurred vision", "Antihypertensives, low-sodium diet, stress reduction, BP monitoring"],
    ["Pneumonia", "Fever, cough with sputum, chest pain, dyspnea, crackles", "Antibiotics, O2, deep breathing exercises, hydration, positioning"],
    ["Urinary Tract Infection", "Dysuria, frequency, urgency, fever, cloudy urine", "Antibiotics, increased fluid intake, perineal hygiene, urine culture"],
    ["Appendicitis", "RLQ pain, Rebound tenderness, Nausea, Fever, Rovsing sign +", "Pre-op prep, NPO, IV fluids, surgery (appendicectomy)"],
    ["Asthma", "Wheezing, dyspnea, cough (night/early morning), chest tightness", "Bronchodilators (salbutamol), corticosteroids, avoid triggers, peak flow"],
    ["Stroke (CVA)", "Sudden weakness one side, slurred speech, facial droop, vision loss", "ABC assessment, positioning (HOB 30°), neuro checks, rehabilitation"],
]
w2 = [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.38, inner_w*0.42]
story.append(three_col_table(["Disease", "Key Signs/Symptoms", "Key Nursing Care"], diseases[1:], col_widths=w2))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Vital Signs - Normal Ranges", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
vitals = [
    ["Vital Sign", "Normal Adult Range", "Action if Abnormal"],
    ["Temperature", "36.5°C - 37.5°C (97.7-99.5°F)", "Antipyretics, tepid sponging, report >38.5°C"],
    ["Pulse Rate", "60 - 100 bpm", "Report <60 (bradycardia) or >100 (tachycardia)"],
    ["Respiration", "12 - 20 breaths/min", "Report <10 or >24, check O2 saturation"],
    ["Blood Pressure", "90/60 - 120/80 mmHg", "Report <90/60 (hypotension) or >140/90 (HTN)"],
    ["SpO2", "95 - 100%", "Give O2 if <95%, urgent action if <90%"],
    ["Blood Sugar (fasting)", "70 - 100 mg/dL", "Check insulin, treat hypo/hyperglycemia"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Vital Sign", "Normal Adult Range", "Action if Abnormal"], vitals[1:], col_widths=[inner_w*0.22, inner_w*0.35, inner_w*0.43], hdr_color=RED))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 3: PHARMACOLOGY ─────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 3: Pharmacology", "Drug classifications, actions and nursing considerations", ORANGE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("ABCDE Drug Study Method", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
abcde = [
    ["Letter", "Stands For", "What to Study"],
    ["A", "Action",           "How does the drug work? (mechanism)"],
    ["B", "Brand Name",       "Common brand names used in hospitals"],
    ["C", "Contraindications","When NOT to give this drug"],
    ["D", "Dose",             "Adult dose, pediatric dose, frequency"],
    ["E", "Effects",          "Side effects and adverse reactions to monitor"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Letter", "Stands For", "What to Study"], abcde[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.12, inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.60], hdr_color=ORANGE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Common Drug Groups - Quick Reference", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
drugs = [
    ["Drug Class", "Examples", "Key Use & Nursing Points"],
    ["Antibiotics (Penicillin)", "Amoxicillin, Ampicillin", "Bacterial infections. Check allergy before giving. Complete full course."],
    ["Antibiotics (Cephalosporin)", "Ceftriaxone, Cefixime", "Broad spectrum. Cross-allergy with penicillin possible."],
    ["Analgesics (Opioid)", "Morphine, Tramadol", "Severe pain. Monitor resp. rate - can cause respiratory depression."],
    ["Analgesics (Non-opioid)", "Paracetamol, Ibuprofen", "Mild-moderate pain. Paracetamol safe in pregnancy."],
    ["Antihypertensives (ACE-I)", "Enalapril, Lisinopril", "HTN, heart failure. Monitor BP, check for dry cough (common SE)."],
    ["Antidiabetics (Insulin)", "Regular, NPH, Glargine", "DM management. Check blood sugar before giving. Rotate injection sites."],
    ["Antidiabetics (Oral)", "Metformin, Glipizide", "Type 2 DM. Metformin: give with food, check kidney function."],
    ["Bronchodilators", "Salbutamol, Ipratropium", "Asthma, COPD. Teach inhaler technique. Monitor heart rate."],
    ["Diuretics", "Furosemide, Spironolactone", "Edema, HTN, heart failure. Monitor K+ levels (Furosemide causes loss)."],
    ["Anticoagulants", "Heparin, Warfarin", "Prevent clots. Monitor aPTT (heparin) / INR (warfarin). Bleeding risk!"],
    ["Antacids / PPIs", "Omeprazole, Ranitidine", "GERD, peptic ulcer. Give before meals. Monitor Mg+ long-term."],
    ["Corticosteroids", "Prednisolone, Dexamethasone", "Inflammation, asthma, allergy. Taper slowly - do not stop abruptly."],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Drug Class", "Examples", "Key Use & Nursing Points"], drugs[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.25, inner_w*0.22, inner_w*0.53], hdr_color=ORANGE))
story.append(sp(8))
story.append(info_box("⚠️ Safety Rule: ALWAYS check the 5 Rights before giving any drug:\nRight Patient • Right Drug • Right Dose • Right Route • Right Time", LIGHT_RED, RED))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 4: COMMUNITY HEALTH ──────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 4: Community Health Nursing", "National programs, immunization and public health", colors.HexColor("#1F618D")))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Important National Health Programs", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
programs = [
    ["Program", "Full Form", "Focus Area"],
    ["NHM",     "National Health Mission", "Overall healthcare strengthening"],
    ["RMNCH+A", "Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, Adolescent Health", "Mother & child health"],
    ["JSSK",    "Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram", "Free delivery services"],
    ["JSY",     "Janani Suraksha Yojana", "Institutional delivery incentive"],
    ["PMMVY",   "Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana", "Cash benefit for pregnant women"],
    ["NPCDCS",  "National Programme for Non-Communicable Diseases", "Cancer, diabetes, CVD"],
    ["NTEP",    "National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme", "TB elimination by 2025"],
    ["NVBDCP",  "National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme", "Malaria, Dengue, Filaria"],
    ["NPCB",    "National Programme for Control of Blindness", "Eye care, cataract surgery"],
    ["RKSK",    "Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram", "Adolescent health"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Program", "Full Form", "Focus Area"], programs[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.14, inner_w*0.52, inner_w*0.34], hdr_color=colors.HexColor("#1F618D")))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Immunization Schedule (Universal Immunization Programme)", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
vaccines = [
    ["Age", "Vaccine", "Disease Protected Against"],
    ["Birth",       "BCG, OPV-0, Hep-B-0",          "TB, Polio, Hepatitis B"],
    ["6 weeks",     "OPV-1, Penta-1, IPV-1, RVV-1",  "Polio, DPT+HepB+Hib, Rotavirus"],
    ["10 weeks",    "OPV-2, Penta-2, RVV-2",          "Polio, DPT+HepB+Hib, Rotavirus"],
    ["14 weeks",    "OPV-3, Penta-3, IPV-2, RVV-3",   "Polio, DPT+HepB+Hib, Rotavirus"],
    ["9-12 months", "MR-1, JE-1, Vitamin A (1st)",    "Measles-Rubella, Japanese Encephalitis"],
    ["16-24 months","MR-2, DPT Booster-1, OPV Boost", "Measles-Rubella, DPT, Polio"],
    ["5-6 years",   "DPT Booster-2",                  "Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus"],
    ["10 years",    "Td",                              "Tetanus, Diphtheria"],
    ["16 years",    "Td",                              "Tetanus, Diphtheria"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Age", "Vaccine", "Disease Protected Against"], vaccines[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.42, inner_w*0.38], hdr_color=TEAL))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 5: OBG ───────────────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 5: OBG Nursing", "Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Midwifery", colors.HexColor("#884EA0")))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Stages of Labour", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
labour = [
    ["Stage", "Description", "Duration"],
    ["1st Stage - Latent Phase", "Cervix dilates 0-3 cm, mild contractions", "~8 hours (primi), ~5 hrs (multi)"],
    ["1st Stage - Active Phase", "Cervix dilates 4-10 cm, strong contractions", "~6 hours (primi), ~4 hrs (multi)"],
    ["2nd Stage",                "Full dilation to delivery of baby", "30 min-2 hrs (primi), 15-30 min (multi)"],
    ["3rd Stage",                "Delivery of placenta", "5-30 minutes"],
    ["4th Stage",                "1-4 hours after delivery, monitoring", "~4 hours"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Stage", "Description", "Duration"], labour[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.45, inner_w*0.27], hdr_color=colors.HexColor("#884EA0")))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Antenatal Care (ANC) Schedule", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
anc = [
    ["Visit", "When", "Key Activities"],
    ["1st ANC Visit", "Within 12 weeks (1st trimester)", "Registration, blood tests, urine test, weight, BP, iron + folic acid"],
    ["2nd ANC Visit", "14-26 weeks (2nd trimester)",     "BP, weight, Hb, anomaly scan (18-20 wks), TT injection"],
    ["3rd ANC Visit", "28-34 weeks",                     "Lie and presentation of fetus, BP, urine protein, GDM screening"],
    ["4th ANC Visit", "36 weeks onwards",                "Birth plan, danger signs, breastfeeding counseling, hospital bag"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Visit", "When", "Key Activities"], anc[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.30, inner_w*0.50], hdr_color=colors.HexColor("#884EA0")))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Danger Signs in Pregnancy (MUST KNOW)", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(info_box("🚨 Refer immediately if patient has:\n• Severe headache or blurred vision (Pre-eclampsia)\n• Excessive swelling of face, hands, feet\n• Heavy vaginal bleeding (Antepartum Haemorrhage)\n• Reduced fetal movements\n• High fever with rigors\n• Convulsions (Eclampsia)\n• Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)", LIGHT_RED, RED))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 6: PEDIATRIC ─────────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 6: Pediatric Nursing", "Child health, growth and development", TEAL))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Growth and Development Milestones", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
milestones = [
    ["Age",        "Motor Skills",           "Language/Social"],
    ["1 month",    "Lifts chin when prone",  "Responds to sound, cries"],
    ["3 months",   "Holds head up, follows objects", "Cooing, social smile"],
    ["6 months",   "Sits with support, rolls over", "Babbles, laughs"],
    ["9 months",   "Sits without support, crawls", "Mama/Dada (non-specific)"],
    ["12 months",  "Stands, cruises, first steps", "1-3 words with meaning"],
    ["18 months",  "Walks alone, climbs stairs", "10-20 words, points"],
    ["2 years",    "Runs, kicks ball",        "2-word sentences, 50+ words"],
    ["3 years",    "Rides tricycle, draws circle", "Tells name/age, 3-word sentences"],
    ["5 years",    "Skips, ties shoes",       "Full sentences, reads simple words"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Age", "Motor Skills", "Language/Social"], milestones[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.42, inner_w*0.40], hdr_color=TEAL))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Pediatric Normal Values", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
ped_vals = [
    ["Parameter", "Newborn", "1 Year", "5 Years"],
    ["Heart Rate (bpm)",   "120-160", "80-130", "70-110"],
    ["RR (breaths/min)",   "30-60",   "20-40",  "20-30"],
    ["BP (mmHg)",          "60-90/30-60", "80-100/50-70", "90-110/55-75"],
    ["Temperature (°C)",   "36.5-37.5", "36.5-37.5", "36.5-37.5"],
    ["Weight (approx kg)", "2.5-4.0", "~10", "~18-20"],
]
ww = [inner_w*0.30, inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.18]
# use manual table
pdata = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in ["Parameter","Newborn","1 Year","5 Years"]]]
for row in ped_vals[1:]:
    pdata.append([Paragraph(c, table_cell) for c in row])
pt = Table(pdata, colWidths=ww, repeatRows=1)
pt.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  TEAL),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, LIGHT_TEAL]),
    ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "MIDDLE"),
]))
story.append(pt)
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 7: MENTAL HEALTH ─────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 7: Mental Health Nursing", "Psychiatric disorders and therapeutic communication", PURPLE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Common Psychiatric Disorders - Quick Reference", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
mental = [
    ["Disorder", "Key Features", "Nursing Intervention"],
    ["Schizophrenia",        "Hallucinations, delusions, flat affect, disorganized thinking", "Antipsychotics (Haloperidol), safe environment, reality orientation"],
    ["Depression (MDD)",     "Persistent sadness, anhedonia, sleep changes, suicidal ideation", "Antidepressants (SSRIs), therapeutic relationship, suicide precautions"],
    ["Bipolar Disorder",     "Manic episodes (grandiosity, decreased sleep) + depression", "Mood stabilizers (Lithium), monitor lithium levels, safety"],
    ["Anxiety Disorder",     "Excessive worry, palpitations, sweating, restlessness", "Anxiolytics (short-term), relaxation techniques, CBT support"],
    ["OCD",                  "Obsessions + compulsions, significant distress", "SSRIs, response prevention, non-judgmental approach"],
    ["PTSD",                 "Flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance after trauma", "Safe environment, trauma-informed care, counseling"],
    ["Dementia (Alzheimer)", "Memory loss, confusion, disorientation, personality change", "Reality orientation, safe environment, caregiver education"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Disorder", "Key Features", "Nursing Intervention"], mental[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.22, inner_w*0.40, inner_w*0.38], hdr_color=PURPLE))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Therapeutic Communication Techniques", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
comm = [
    ["Technique", "Example"],
    ["Active Listening",      "Maintain eye contact, nod, don't interrupt"],
    ["Open-ended Questions",  "'Tell me how you're feeling today?'"],
    ["Reflection",            "'You seem sad when you talk about your family.'"],
    ["Clarification",         "'Can you tell me more about what you mean?'"],
    ["Silence",               "Allow patient time to think and express"],
    ["Empathy",               "'I understand that must be very difficult for you.'"],
    ["Avoid giving advice",   "Don't say 'You should...' - let patient decide"],
    ["Avoid false reassurance","Don't say 'Everything will be fine' - be honest"],
]
story.append(two_col_table(["Technique", "Example"], comm[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.35, inner_w*0.65], hdr_color=PURPLE))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 8: CAREER ROADMAP ────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 8: Career Roadmap After GNM", "Your complete guide to career growth and further education", DARK_BLUE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Career Options After GNM", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
career = [
    ["Option", "Duration", "Eligibility", "Outcome"],
    ["B.Sc Post Basic Nursing", "2 years", "GNM + Registration", "Degree upgrade, better salary, abroad scope"],
    ["Govt Staff Nurse Job",    "Direct",  "GNM + Registration", "AIIMS/ESIC/Railway/Army - ₹35-60k/month"],
    ["Abroad Nursing",          "1-2 yr prep", "GNM + B.Sc + IELTS", "UK/Canada/Gulf - ₹1.5-6L/month"],
    ["NPCC",                    "2 years", "B.Sc + 2yr ICU exp", "ICU specialist - ₹60k-1.5L/month"],
    ["M.Sc Nursing",            "2 years", "B.Sc Nursing",       "Teaching + senior clinical roles"],
    ["BAMS (via NEET)",         "5.5 years","12th PCB + NEET",   "'Dr.' title, own clinic possible"],
    ["BHMS (via NEET)",         "5.5 years","12th PCB + NEET",   "'Dr.' title, Homeopathy practice"],
    ["NIOS 12th PCB → NEET",    "1+yr",    "Age <25 (General)",  "Gateway to BAMS/BHMS/MBBS"],
]
wc = [inner_w*0.26, inner_w*0.14, inner_w*0.24, inner_w*0.36]
cdata = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in ["Option","Duration","Eligibility","Outcome"]]]
for row in career[1:]:
    cdata.append([Paragraph(c, table_cell) for c in row])
ct = Table(cdata, colWidths=wc, repeatRows=1)
ct.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  DARK_BLUE),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, LIGHT_BLUE]),
    ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
]))
story.append(ct)
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Salary Growth Chart", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
salary = [
    ["Stage / Qualification",         "Monthly Salary (Approx)"],
    ["GNM - Fresh Graduate",          "₹18,000 - ₹25,000"],
    ["GNM - Staff Nurse (Govt)",      "₹35,000 - ₹60,000"],
    ["B.Sc Post Basic Nursing",       "₹35,000 - ₹70,000"],
    ["NPCC (ICU Specialist)",         "₹60,000 - ₹1,50,000"],
    ["M.Sc Nursing",                  "₹80,000 - ₹2,00,000"],
    ["Abroad Nursing (Gulf)",         "₹1,50,000 - ₹3,00,000"],
    ["Abroad Nursing (USA/UK/Canada)","₹3,00,000 - ₹6,00,000+"],
    ["BAMS/BHMS Doctor - Own Clinic", "₹50,000 - Unlimited"],
]
story.append(two_col_table(["Stage / Qualification", "Monthly Salary (Approx)"], salary[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.55, inner_w*0.45], hdr_color=ORANGE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(info_box("🎯 Best Path (Arts Stream GNM): GNM → B.Sc Post Basic Nursing (2yr) → Govt Job / Abroad Nursing. If age <25 and want 'Doctor' title: NIOS 12th PCB → NEET → BAMS (5.5yr)", LIGHT_YELLOW, ORANGE))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── CHAPTER 9: QUICK REVISION ────────
story.append(chapter_header("Chapter 9: Quick Revision - Must-Know Lists", "Key facts, normal values and mnemonics", RED))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Important Normal Values - Master Reference", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
norm_vals = [
    ["Parameter",                "Normal Value",         "Notes"],
    ["Blood Pressure",           "120/80 mmHg",          "HTN: >140/90"],
    ["Heart Rate",               "60-100 bpm",           "Brady <60, Tachy >100"],
    ["Respiratory Rate",         "12-20/min",            "Tachypnea >24/min"],
    ["Temperature",              "36.5-37.5°C",          "Fever >38°C"],
    ["SpO2",                     "95-100%",              "Give O2 if <95%"],
    ["Fasting Blood Sugar",      "70-100 mg/dL",         "DM if >126 mg/dL"],
    ["Hb (Male)",                "13.5-17.5 g/dL",       "Anemia if <13.5"],
    ["Hb (Female)",              "12.0-15.5 g/dL",       "Anemia if <12.0"],
    ["WBC Count",                "4,000-11,000/µL",      "Infection >11,000"],
    ["Platelet Count",           "1.5-4.5 lakh/µL",      "Thrombocytopenia <1.5L"],
    ["Serum Sodium (Na+)",       "135-145 mEq/L",        "Hyponatremia <135"],
    ["Serum Potassium (K+)",     "3.5-5.0 mEq/L",        "Hypokalemia <3.5, Hyperkalemia >5.0"],
    ["Serum Creatinine",         "0.6-1.2 mg/dL",        "Raised in kidney disease"],
    ["Urine Output",             ">0.5 mL/kg/hr",        "Oliguria <400mL/day"],
    ["INR (Warfarin patients)",  "2.0-3.0 (therapeutic)","Bleeding risk if >3.0"],
    ["pH (Arterial blood)",      "7.35-7.45",            "Acidosis <7.35, Alkalosis >7.45"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Parameter", "Normal Value", "Notes"], norm_vals[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.35, inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.37], hdr_color=RED))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Key Mnemonics", section_hd))
story.append(HR())
mnemonics = [
    ["Mnemonic", "Full Form", "Topic"],
    ["SAMPLE",     "Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past history, Last meal, Events", "History taking"],
    ["ABCDE",      "Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure", "Emergency assessment"],
    ["5 Rights",   "Right Patient, Drug, Dose, Route, Time", "Drug administration"],
    ["APGAR",      "Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration", "Newborn assessment (0-10 score)"],
    ["RICE",       "Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation", "Musculoskeletal injury"],
    ["SOCRATES",   "Site, Onset, Character, Radiation, Alleviating, Timing, Exacerbating, Severity", "Pain assessment"],
    ["SMART Goals","Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-bound", "Nursing care plan"],
    ["OLDCARTS",   "Onset, Location, Duration, Character, Aggravating, Relieving, Timing, Severity", "Symptom assessment"],
]
story.append(three_col_table(["Mnemonic", "Full Form / Meaning", "Used In"], mnemonics[1:],
    col_widths=[inner_w*0.14, inner_w*0.57, inner_w*0.29], hdr_color=RED))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ─────────────────────────── FINAL PAGE: MOTIVATIONAL ─────────
story.append(chapter_header("You've Got This! 💪", "Final words before your exam", TEAL))
story.append(sp(20))

motivation = [
    "✅ Study 2 hours daily - consistency is key",
    "✅ Use the ABCDE format for every drug",
    "✅ Learn normal values by heart",
    "✅ Practice previous year questions daily",
    "✅ Make short notes and flashcards",
    "✅ Sleep 7-8 hours - memory consolidates during sleep",
    "✅ Take 10 min breaks every hour",
    "✅ Believe in yourself - you have already completed GNM clinical practice!",
]
for m in motivation:
    story.append(B(m))
    story.append(sp(4))

story.append(sp(20))
story.append(info_box(
    "\"The secret of getting ahead is getting started.\"\n\n"
    "Aap GNM complete kar chuke ho - sabse mushkil kaam ho gaya. "
    "Ab sirf revision aur focus chahiye. Aap kar sakte ho! 🌟",
    LIGHT_TEAL, TEAL))
story.append(sp(20))
story.append(Paragraph("All the best for your exams and career! 🎓", section_hd))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(Paragraph("Orris Nursing Excellence Series | GNM Revision Study Guide | 2026",
                        S("Footer2", fontSize=9, textColor=MID_GRAY, alignment=TA_CENTER,
                          fontName="Helvetica-Oblique")))

# ── Build ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF created: {OUTPUT}")

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.units import inch, cm
from reportlab.platypus import (SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table,
                                 TableStyle, HRFlowable, PageBreak, KeepTogether)
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY, TA_RIGHT
from reportlab.platypus import BaseDocTemplate, Frame, PageTemplate
from reportlab.pdfgen import canvas as pdfcanvas

OUTPUT = "/tmp/workspace/gnm-study-guide/GNM_Anatomy_Chapter1_CVS.pdf"

# ── Colors ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
DARK_RED    = colors.HexColor("#922B21")
MED_RED     = colors.HexColor("#E74C3C")
LIGHT_RED   = colors.HexColor("#FADBD8")
DARK_BLUE   = colors.HexColor("#1A3A5C")
MED_BLUE    = colors.HexColor("#2E86AB")
LIGHT_BLUE  = colors.HexColor("#D6EAF8")
TEAL        = colors.HexColor("#17A589")
LIGHT_TEAL  = colors.HexColor("#D1F2EB")
ORANGE      = colors.HexColor("#E67E22")
LIGHT_ORANGE= colors.HexColor("#FDEBD0")
PURPLE      = colors.HexColor("#7D3C98")
LIGHT_PURPLE= colors.HexColor("#E8DAEF")
GOLD        = colors.HexColor("#D4AC0D")
LIGHT_GOLD  = colors.HexColor("#FEF9E7")
WHITE       = colors.white
LIGHT_GRAY  = colors.HexColor("#F2F3F4")
MID_GRAY    = colors.HexColor("#BDC3C7")
DARK_GRAY   = colors.HexColor("#2C3E50")

# ── Styles ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def S(name, **kw):
    return ParagraphStyle(name, **kw)

cover_title = S("CT", fontSize=36, textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER,
                fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=44)
cover_sub   = S("CS", fontSize=15, textColor=colors.HexColor("#AED6F1"),
                alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica", leading=22)
cover_note  = S("CN", fontSize=11, textColor=colors.HexColor("#D5D8DC"),
                alignment=TA_CENTER, fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", leading=16)
ch_title    = S("ChT", fontSize=18, textColor=WHITE, fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=24)
sec_hd      = S("SH",  fontSize=13, textColor=DARK_RED, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=4)
sub_hd      = S("SSH", fontSize=11, textColor=DARK_BLUE, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                spaceBefore=6, spaceAfter=3)
body        = S("B",   fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica",
                leading=15, spaceAfter=3)
bullet_s    = S("BL",  fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica",
                leading=15, leftIndent=14, spaceAfter=2)
tip_s       = S("TIP", fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica",
                leading=14, leftIndent=8, spaceAfter=2)
table_hd    = S("TH",  fontSize=9,  textColor=WHITE, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=12)
table_cell  = S("TC",  fontSize=9,  textColor=DARK_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica",
                alignment=TA_LEFT, leading=12)
table_cell_c= S("TCC", fontSize=9,  textColor=DARK_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica",
                alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=12)
bold_body   = S("BB",  fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                leading=15, spaceAfter=3)
red_bold    = S("RB",  fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_RED, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                leading=15, spaceAfter=3)
small_s     = S("SM",  fontSize=8,  textColor=MID_GRAY, fontName="Helvetica",
                alignment=TA_CENTER, leading=11)
q_style     = S("QS",  fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_BLUE, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                leading=15, leftIndent=6, spaceAfter=2)
a_style     = S("AS",  fontSize=10, textColor=colors.HexColor("#1A5276"),
                fontName="Helvetica", leading=14, leftIndent=20, spaceAfter=4)

# ── Page callbacks ──────────────────────────────────────────────
def cover_bg(canv, doc):
    w, h = A4
    canv.setFillColor(DARK_RED)
    canv.rect(0, 0, w, h, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFillColor(MED_RED)
    canv.rect(0, h*0.56, w, h*0.44, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFillColor(GOLD)
    canv.rect(0, h*0.555, w, 6, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFillColor(WHITE)
    canv.rect(0, h*0.555-9, w, 3, fill=1, stroke=0)
    # decorative heart symbol area
    canv.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#922B21"))
    canv.rect(0, 0, w, h*0.15, fill=1, stroke=0)

def normal_page(canv, doc):
    w, h = A4
    canv.setFillColor(DARK_RED)
    canv.rect(0, h-36, w, 36, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFont("Helvetica-Bold", 9)
    canv.setFillColor(WHITE)
    canv.drawString(1.5*cm, h-24, "GNM Anatomy | Chapter 1: Cardiovascular System")
    canv.drawRightString(w-1.5*cm, h-24, "Nursing Excellence Series")
    # bottom
    canv.setFillColor(DARK_RED)
    canv.rect(0, 0, w, 28, fill=1, stroke=0)
    canv.setFont("Helvetica", 8)
    canv.setFillColor(colors.HexColor("#AED6F1"))
    canv.drawCentredString(w/2, 9, f"Page {doc.page}")
    # left accent
    canv.setFillColor(GOLD)
    canv.rect(0, 28, 4, h-64, fill=1, stroke=0)

# ── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
w_page, _ = A4
inner_w = w_page - 3.5*cm

def ch_header(title, subtitle="", color=MED_RED):
    tbl = Table([[Paragraph(title, ch_title)],
                 [Paragraph(subtitle, S("CSub", fontSize=10, textColor=colors.HexColor("#FDEBD0"),
                                        fontName="Helvetica-Oblique", leading=14))]],
                colWidths=[inner_w])
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), color),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 14),
    ]))
    return tbl

def info_box(text, bg=LIGHT_BLUE, border=MED_BLUE, fs=10):
    tbl = Table([[Paragraph(text, S("IB", fontSize=fs, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                                     fontName="Helvetica", leading=15,
                                     leftIndent=6))]], colWidths=[inner_w])
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",  (0,0), (-1,-1), bg),
        ("LINERIGHT",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 5, border),
        ("TOPPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0,0),(-1,-1), 8),
        ("LEFTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
    ]))
    return tbl

def warn_box(text):
    return info_box(text, bg=LIGHT_RED, border=MED_RED)

def tip_box(text):
    return info_box(text, bg=LIGHT_GOLD, border=GOLD)

def mk_table(headers, rows, col_widths, hdr_color=MED_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED):
    data = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in headers]]
    for row in rows:
        data.append([Paragraph(str(c), table_cell) for c in row])
    tbl = Table(data, colWidths=col_widths, repeatRows=1)
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  hdr_color),
        ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, alt]),
        ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
    ]))
    return tbl

def mk_table_c(headers, rows, col_widths, hdr_color=MED_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED):
    data = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in headers]]
    for row in rows:
        data.append([Paragraph(str(c), table_cell_c) for c in row])
    tbl = Table(data, colWidths=col_widths, repeatRows=1)
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  hdr_color),
        ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, alt]),
        ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "MIDDLE"),
    ]))
    return tbl

def B(text, color=DARK_GRAY):
    return Paragraph(f"<font color='#{MED_RED.hexval()[2:]}'>&#9829;</font>  {text}",
                     S(f"BL{id(text)}", fontSize=10, textColor=color,
                       fontName="Helvetica", leading=15, leftIndent=16, spaceAfter=3))

def Bblue(text):
    return Paragraph(f"\u2022  {text}", S(f"BLB{id(text)}", fontSize=10, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                       fontName="Helvetica", leading=15, leftIndent=16, spaceAfter=3))

def sp(n=6): return Spacer(1, n)
def HR(): return HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=1, color=colors.HexColor("#E8DAEF"),
                             spaceAfter=4, spaceBefore=4)

def box_diagram(lines, title="", bg=LIGHT_BLUE, border=MED_BLUE):
    """Render a text diagram in a monospace-style box."""
    content = []
    if title:
        content.append(Paragraph(f"<b>{title}</b>", S("DT", fontSize=10, textColor=border,
                                                        fontName="Helvetica-Bold", leading=14,
                                                        spaceAfter=4)))
    for line in lines:
        content.append(Paragraph(line, S("DL", fontSize=9, textColor=DARK_GRAY,
                                          fontName="Courier", leading=13)))
    tbl = Table([[content]], colWidths=[inner_w])
    tbl.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,-1), bg),
        ("LINEBEFORE",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 4, border),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 12),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ]))
    return tbl

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# BUILD
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
doc = BaseDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT, pagesize=A4,
    leftMargin=1.8*cm, rightMargin=1.2*cm,
    topMargin=1.5*cm,  bottomMargin=1.2*cm,
    title="GNM Anatomy Chapter 1 - Cardiovascular System",
    author="Orris Nursing Series"
)
cover_frame  = Frame(0, 0, A4[0], A4[1], leftPadding=2*cm, rightPadding=1.5*cm,
                     topPadding=2*cm, bottomPadding=1.5*cm, id="cover")
normal_frame = Frame(0.5*cm, 1.0*cm, A4[0]-1.7*cm, A4[1]-2.8*cm,
                     leftPadding=1.0*cm, rightPadding=0.5*cm,
                     topPadding=0.3*cm, bottomPadding=0.3*cm, id="normal")
doc.addPageTemplates([
    PageTemplate(id="Cover",  frames=[cover_frame],  onPage=cover_bg),
    PageTemplate(id="Normal", frames=[normal_frame], onPage=normal_page),
])

story = []

# ── COVER ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story.append(Spacer(1, 2.5*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("♥ GNM Anatomy", cover_title))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(Paragraph("Chapter 1", cover_title))
story.append(sp(10))
story.append(Paragraph("Cardiovascular System", cover_sub))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(Paragraph("Heart • Blood Vessels • Circulation • ECG • Nursing Values", cover_sub))
story.append(sp(1.2*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("─────────────────────────────────────", cover_note))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(Paragraph("Complete theory with diagrams, tables, mnemonics", cover_note))
story.append(Paragraph("and self-test questions for GNM exam preparation", cover_note))
story.append(sp(1.5*cm))
story.append(Paragraph("Orris Nursing Excellence Series  |  2026", cover_note))

from reportlab.platypus import NextPageTemplate
story.append(NextPageTemplate("Normal"))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.1  Introduction to Cardiovascular System",
                        "Overview, components and functions"))
story.append(sp(10))
story.append(Paragraph("What is the Cardiovascular System?", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(Paragraph(
    "The Cardiovascular System (CVS) is the transport system of the body. "
    "It consists of the <b>heart</b>, <b>blood vessels</b>, and <b>blood</b>. "
    "Its main job is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to every cell and remove "
    "carbon dioxide and waste products.", body))
story.append(sp(6))

story.append(Paragraph("Three Main Components", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
comps = [
    ["Component", "Parts", "Function"],
    ["❤️  Heart",          "4 chambers, 4 valves, wall layers",
     "Pump that pushes blood through the body (like an engine)"],
    ["🩸  Blood Vessels",  "Arteries, Veins, Capillaries",
     "Pipes that carry blood to and from all organs"],
    ["💉  Blood",          "RBC, WBC, Platelets, Plasma",
     "Fluid that carries O2, nutrients, hormones, waste"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Component", "Parts", "Function"], comps[1:],
    [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.32, inner_w*0.48], hdr_color=DARK_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(info_box(
    "💡 Easy Yaad Karne Ka Trick:\n"
    "CVS = C (circulation) + V (vessels) + S (supply)\n"
    "Heart = Body ka PUMP | Arteries = Body se Door jaana | Veins = Heart ki taraf Aana",
    LIGHT_GOLD, GOLD))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 2: HEART ANATOMY
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.2  Heart - Detailed Anatomy",
                        "Structure, chambers, valves and layers"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Location and Size", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(B("Location: Mediastinum (middle of chest), slightly LEFT of midline"))
story.append(B("Size: Approximately your own closed FIST"))
story.append(B("Weight: ~250-350 grams (adult)"))
story.append(B("Apex (tip): Points downward and to the LEFT (5th intercostal space, midclavicular line)"))
story.append(B("Base: Upper part, connected to great vessels"))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Layers of Heart Wall (3 Layers - BAD to EPI)", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
layers = [
    ["Layer", "Location", "Description", "Mnemonic"],
    ["Epicardium",  "Outermost", "Thin outer covering, also called visceral pericardium", "EPI = Outside (Epidermis jaisi)"],
    ["Myocardium",  "Middle",    "Thick muscular layer - does the actual pumping (cardiac muscle)", "MYO = Muscle (Myalgia = muscle pain)"],
    ["Endocardium", "Innermost", "Smooth inner lining of heart chambers and valves", "ENDO = Inside (Endoscopy = inside)"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Layer", "Location", "Description", "Mnemonic"], layers[1:],
    [inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.14, inner_w*0.40, inner_w*0.28], hdr_color=DARK_RED))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(info_box("📝 Pericardium = Protective sac surrounding the heart (2 layers: fibrous outer + serous inner). "
                       "Pericardial fluid between layers prevents friction during heartbeat.", LIGHT_BLUE, MED_BLUE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Four Chambers of the Heart", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
chambers = [
    ["Chamber", "Side", "Receives Blood From", "Sends Blood To", "Wall Thickness"],
    ["Right Atrium (RA)",    "Right", "Superior & Inferior Vena Cava (whole body)", "Right Ventricle via Tricuspid valve", "Thin"],
    ["Right Ventricle (RV)", "Right", "Right Atrium", "Lungs via Pulmonary artery", "Moderate"],
    ["Left Atrium (LA)",     "Left",  "Pulmonary veins (4 veins from lungs)", "Left Ventricle via Mitral valve", "Thin"],
    ["Left Ventricle (LV)",  "Left",  "Left Atrium", "Whole body via Aorta", "THICKEST (most work)"],
]
story.append(mk_table(
    ["Chamber", "Side", "Receives From", "Sends To", "Wall"],
    [[r[0],r[1],r[2],r[3],r[4]] for r in chambers[1:]],
    [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.10, inner_w*0.27, inner_w*0.27, inner_w*0.16],
    hdr_color=DARK_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(tip_box("🔑 Key: Left Ventricle has the THICKEST wall because it pumps blood to the ENTIRE body (highest pressure needed)."))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Four Valves of the Heart", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(Paragraph("Valves prevent backflow of blood - they act like one-way doors.", body))
story.append(sp(4))
valves = [
    ["Valve Name",    "Location",              "Type",          "Opens When"],
    ["Tricuspid",     "Between RA and RV",      "AV valve (3 cusps)", "RA contracts → blood enters RV"],
    ["Pulmonary",     "RV to Pulmonary artery", "Semilunar valve",    "RV contracts → blood goes to lungs"],
    ["Mitral (Bicuspid)", "Between LA and LV",  "AV valve (2 cusps)", "LA contracts → blood enters LV"],
    ["Aortic",        "LV to Aorta",            "Semilunar valve",    "LV contracts → blood goes to body"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Valve", "Location", "Type", "Opens When"], valves[1:],
    [inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.27, inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.35], hdr_color=PURPLE, alt=LIGHT_PURPLE))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(info_box(
    "🔤 MNEMONIC for valves (Right to Left, top to bottom):\n"
    "\"Tri  Pul  Mi  Ao\" → \"Tigers Prefer Milk Always\"\n"
    "T = Tricuspid  |  P = Pulmonary  |  M = Mitral  |  A = Aortic",
    LIGHT_PURPLE, PURPLE))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 3: BLOOD FLOW
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.3  Blood Circulation",
                        "Pulmonary and systemic circuits"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Two Circuits of Circulation", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
circuits = [
    ["Circuit",          "Path",                                         "Purpose"],
    ["Pulmonary\n(Small circulation)", "Right heart → Lungs → Left heart",
     "Oxygenate blood (CO2 out, O2 in) at the lungs"],
    ["Systemic\n(Large circulation)",  "Left heart → Whole body → Right heart",
     "Deliver O2 + nutrients to all body tissues"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Circuit", "Path", "Purpose"], circuits[1:],
    [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.38, inner_w*0.42], hdr_color=TEAL, alt=LIGHT_TEAL))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Complete Blood Flow - Step by Step", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(box_diagram([
    "BODY TISSUES (deoxygenated blood)",
    "        |",
    "        v",
    "Superior Vena Cava + Inferior Vena Cava",
    "        |",
    "        v",
    "RIGHT ATRIUM  -->  Tricuspid Valve  -->  RIGHT VENTRICLE",
    "        |",
    "        v  (Pulmonary Valve)",
    "PULMONARY ARTERY  -->  LUNGS  (CO2 out, O2 in)",
    "        |",
    "        v",
    "PULMONARY VEINS (4 veins)",
    "        |",
    "        v",
    "LEFT ATRIUM  -->  Mitral Valve  -->  LEFT VENTRICLE",
    "        |",
    "        v  (Aortic Valve)",
    "AORTA  -->  BODY TISSUES  (O2 delivered)",
], title="Complete Blood Flow Diagram", bg=LIGHT_BLUE, border=MED_BLUE))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(tip_box(
    "⚠️ Important: Pulmonary ARTERY carries DE-oxygenated blood (Right heart to lungs)\n"
    "Pulmonary VEIN carries OXYGENATED blood (Lungs to Left heart)\n"
    "This is the ONLY exception to the rule: Arteries = oxygenated, Veins = deoxygenated"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Types of Blood Vessels", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
vessels = [
    ["Vessel", "Direction", "Wall", "Examples", "Key Feature"],
    ["Arteries",    "Away from heart", "Thick, muscular, elastic",  "Aorta, Coronary, Pulmonary artery", "High pressure, pulse felt"],
    ["Arterioles",  "Away from heart", "Thin muscular",             "Smaller branches of arteries",       "Controls blood pressure"],
    ["Capillaries", "Both directions", "Single cell layer (thinnest)", "Tissue capillaries",              "Gas/nutrient exchange occurs here"],
    ["Venules",     "Toward heart",    "Thin",                      "Collecting small veins",             "Low pressure"],
    ["Veins",       "Toward heart",    "Thin, valves present",      "Vena cava, Jugular, Portal",         "Valves prevent backflow"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Vessel","Direction","Wall","Examples","Key Feature"], vessels[1:],
    [inner_w*0.14, inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.24, inner_w*0.24],
    hdr_color=MED_BLUE, alt=LIGHT_BLUE))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 4: CARDIAC CYCLE & CONDUCTION
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.4  Cardiac Cycle & Conduction System",
                        "How the heart beats - electrical system"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Cardiac Cycle - Systole and Diastole", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
cycle = [
    ["Phase",    "What Happens",                         "Duration"],
    ["Systole",  "Ventricles CONTRACT - blood pumped out",  "~0.3 seconds"],
    ["Diastole", "Ventricles RELAX - heart fills with blood","~0.5 seconds"],
    ["Full Cycle","One complete heartbeat",               "~0.8 seconds (75 bpm)"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Phase","What Happens","Duration"], cycle[1:],
    [inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.58, inner_w*0.24], hdr_color=DARK_RED))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(info_box(
    "🩺 Korotkoff sounds heard with stethoscope during BP measurement:\n"
    "• First sound (systolic BP) = ventricle contracting\n"
    "• Last sound (diastolic BP) = ventricle relaxing\n"
    "Lub-Dub = S1 (Mitral + Tricuspid closing) and S2 (Aortic + Pulmonary closing)",
    LIGHT_RED, MED_RED))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Cardiac Conduction System - The Heart's Electrical Circuit", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(box_diagram([
    "SA NODE (Sinoatrial Node)",
    "  - Located: Right Atrium wall",
    "  - Called: Natural Pacemaker",
    "  - Rate: 60-100 impulses/min",
    "  - Initiates EVERY heartbeat",
    "        |",
    "        v  (impulse spreads through atria -> atrial contraction)",
    "AV NODE (Atrioventricular Node)",
    "  - Located: Between RA and RV (AV junction)",
    "  - Delays impulse by 0.1 second",
    "  - Reason: Allows ventricles to fill before contracting",
    "        |",
    "        v",
    "BUNDLE OF HIS (AV Bundle)",
    "  - Located: Interventricular septum",
    "  - Divides into Right and Left Bundle Branches",
    "        |",
    "        v",
    "PURKINJE FIBERS",
    "  - Located: Ventricular walls",
    "  - Rapidly spreads impulse -> ventricular contraction",
], title="Conduction Pathway", bg=LIGHT_TEAL, border=TEAL))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Key Normal Values - Conduction", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
cond_vals = [
    ["Node / Parameter",      "Normal Rate",  "Clinical Note"],
    ["SA Node (Pacemaker)",    "60-100 /min",  "If SA node fails, AV node takes over"],
    ["AV Node (backup)",       "40-60 /min",   "Slower backup - AV block if damaged"],
    ["Ventricular (backup)",   "20-40 /min",   "Last resort pacemaker - very slow"],
    ["PR Interval (ECG)",      "0.12-0.20 sec","Prolonged = AV block"],
    ["QRS Duration (ECG)",     "0.06-0.10 sec","Widened = bundle branch block"],
    ["QT Interval (ECG)",      "0.36-0.44 sec","Prolonged = dangerous arrhythmia risk"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Node / Parameter","Normal Rate","Clinical Note"], cond_vals[1:],
    [inner_w*0.35, inner_w*0.22, inner_w*0.43], hdr_color=TEAL, alt=LIGHT_TEAL))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 5: ECG
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.5  ECG - Electrocardiogram",
                        "Reading and understanding ECG waves"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("ECG Waves - What Each Means", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
ecg_waves = [
    ["Wave / Segment", "Represents",                             "Normal Duration"],
    ["P Wave",         "Atrial depolarization (atria contracting)", "< 0.12 sec"],
    ["PR Interval",    "Time from atrial to ventricular activation", "0.12-0.20 sec"],
    ["QRS Complex",    "Ventricular depolarization (ventricles contracting)", "0.06-0.10 sec"],
    ["ST Segment",     "Ventricular plateau (between contraction and recovery)", "Isoelectric (flat)"],
    ["T Wave",         "Ventricular repolarization (ventricles recovering)", "0.16 sec"],
    ["QT Interval",    "Total ventricular electrical activity",   "0.36-0.44 sec"],
    ["U Wave",         "Purkinje fiber repolarization (not always seen)", "Small, after T wave"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Wave/Segment","Represents","Normal Duration"], ecg_waves[1:],
    [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.52, inner_w*0.28], hdr_color=DARK_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(box_diagram([
    "                  R",
    "                  |",
    "                  |",
    "         P        |          T",
    "        /  \\     |         / \\",
    "-------/    \\    |        /   \\----  U",
    "             \\   |       /",
    "              Q--+--S---/",
    "              |     |",
    "    P-R interval   S-T segment",
    "",
    "  P = Atrial contraction",
    "  QRS = Ventricular contraction (largest wave)",
    "  T = Ventricular recovery",
], title="ECG Wave Pattern", bg=LIGHT_BLUE, border=MED_BLUE))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(warn_box(
    "🚨 Critical ECG Changes - Report IMMEDIATELY:\n"
    "• ST elevation → Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack!)\n"
    "• No P waves + irregular rhythm → Atrial Fibrillation\n"
    "• Wide bizarre QRS → Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)\n"
    "• No recognizable waves → Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) = EMERGENCY"))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 6: CARDIAC OUTPUT & BLOOD PRESSURE
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.6  Cardiac Output & Blood Pressure",
                        "Important formulas and normal values"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Cardiac Output (CO)", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(box_diagram([
    "CARDIAC OUTPUT (CO) = Heart Rate (HR)  x  Stroke Volume (SV)",
    "",
    "  CO   = ~5 Litres/min  (at rest, adult)",
    "  HR   = 70-75 bpm  (resting average)",
    "  SV   = ~70 mL per beat",
    "",
    "  EXAMPLE:  CO = 70 bpm x 70 mL = 4,900 mL ≈ 5 L/min",
    "",
    "  During exercise: CO can increase to 20-25 L/min!",
], title="Cardiac Output Formula", bg=LIGHT_GOLD, border=GOLD))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Factors Affecting Cardiac Output", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
co_factors = [
    ["Factor",       "Increases CO",                    "Decreases CO"],
    ["Heart Rate",   "Exercise, fever, anxiety, drugs",  "Beta-blockers, sleep, athletes"],
    ["Stroke Volume","Increased venous return, exercise", "Heart failure, hypovolemia"],
    ["Preload",      "More blood returning to heart",    "Dehydration, blood loss"],
    ["Afterload",    "(Decreased afterload = more CO)",  "Hypertension, aortic stenosis"],
    ["Contractility","Catecholamines, digoxin",          "Acidosis, heart failure, beta-blockers"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Factor","Increases CO","Decreases CO"], co_factors[1:],
    [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.40, inner_w*0.40], hdr_color=ORANGE, alt=LIGHT_ORANGE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Blood Pressure (BP)", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(box_diagram([
    "BLOOD PRESSURE = Cardiac Output  x  Peripheral Vascular Resistance",
    "",
    "  BP is recorded as:  Systolic / Diastolic",
    "  e.g. 120 / 80 mmHg",
    "",
    "  Systolic  = pressure when ventricle CONTRACTS (top number)",
    "  Diastolic = pressure when ventricle RELAXES  (bottom number)",
    "  Pulse Pressure = Systolic - Diastolic = 120 - 80 = 40 mmHg",
    "  Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) = Diastolic + 1/3 Pulse Pressure",
    "  Normal MAP = 80 + 1/3(40) = ~93 mmHg",
], title="Blood Pressure Formula", bg=LIGHT_TEAL, border=TEAL))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("BP Classification (JNC / WHO)", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
bp_class = [
    ["Category",          "Systolic (mmHg)",  "Diastolic (mmHg)", "Action"],
    ["Normal",            "< 120",            "< 80",             "No action needed"],
    ["Elevated",          "120-129",          "< 80",             "Lifestyle changes"],
    ["HTN Stage 1",       "130-139",          "80-89",            "Lifestyle + consider drug"],
    ["HTN Stage 2",       "≥ 140",            "≥ 90",             "Drug therapy required"],
    ["Hypertensive Crisis","≥ 180",           "≥ 120",            "EMERGENCY - immediate Rx"],
    ["Hypotension",       "< 90",             "< 60",             "Monitor, IV fluids, find cause"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Category","Systolic","Diastolic","Action"], bp_class[1:],
    [inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.17, inner_w*0.17, inner_w*0.38],
    hdr_color=DARK_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 7: BLOOD
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.7  Blood - Composition and Functions",
                        "Components of blood and normal values"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Blood Composition", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
blood = [
    ["Component", "% of Blood", "Types / Details",              "Main Function"],
    ["Plasma",    "55%",        "Water (90%), proteins, hormones, nutrients", "Transport medium, clotting factors"],
    ["Red Blood Cells (RBC/Erythrocytes)", "~44%", "No nucleus, contain Haemoglobin (Hb)", "Carry O2 (via Hb) and CO2"],
    ["White Blood Cells (WBC/Leukocytes)", "< 1%", "Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, etc.", "Immunity and defense"],
    ["Platelets (Thrombocytes)",           "< 1%", "Tiny cell fragments, no nucleus", "Blood clotting (haemostasis)"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Component","% of Blood","Types / Details","Main Function"], blood[1:],
    [inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.10, inner_w*0.35, inner_w*0.27],
    hdr_color=MED_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Normal Blood Values - Master Table", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
blood_vals = [
    ["Parameter",               "Male",          "Female",        "Clinical Note"],
    ["Haemoglobin (Hb)",        "13.5-17.5 g/dL","12.0-15.5 g/dL","Anemia if below normal"],
    ["RBC Count",               "4.5-5.5 million/µL","3.8-4.8 million/µL","Polycythemia if high"],
    ["WBC Count",               "4,000-11,000/µL","4,000-11,000/µL","Leukocytosis if >11,000"],
    ["Platelet Count",          "1.5-4.5 lakh/µL","1.5-4.5 lakh/µL","Thrombocytopenia if <1 lakh"],
    ["Haematocrit (PCV)",       "40-54%",         "36-48%",         "% of blood that is RBCs"],
    ["MCV (mean cell volume)",  "80-100 fL",      "80-100 fL",      "Low = iron deficiency; High = B12/folate"],
    ["Bleeding Time",           "1-3 minutes",    "1-3 minutes",    "Platelet function test"],
    ["Clotting Time",           "3-8 minutes",    "3-8 minutes",    "Coagulation test"],
    ["ESR",                     "0-15 mm/hr",     "0-20 mm/hr",     "Raised in infection/inflammation"],
    ["Serum Iron",              "60-160 µg/dL",   "50-150 µg/dL",   "Low in iron deficiency anemia"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Parameter","Male","Female","Clinical Note"], blood_vals[1:],
    [inner_w*0.32, inner_w*0.17, inner_w*0.17, inner_w*0.34],
    hdr_color=DARK_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Blood Groups", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
bg = [
    ["Blood Group","Antigen on RBC","Antibody in Plasma","Can Donate To","Can Receive From"],
    ["A",   "A antigen",     "Anti-B",         "A, AB",        "A, O"],
    ["B",   "B antigen",     "Anti-A",         "B, AB",        "B, O"],
    ["AB",  "A and B",       "None",           "AB only",      "ALL (Universal Recipient)"],
    ["O",   "None",          "Anti-A and Anti-B","ALL (Universal Donor)", "O only"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Group","Antigen","Antibody","Donate To","Receive From"], bg[1:],
    [inner_w*0.12, inner_w*0.17, inner_w*0.23, inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.28],
    hdr_color=PURPLE, alt=LIGHT_PURPLE))
story.append(sp(6))
story.append(info_box("🔑 Universal Donor = O negative (O-) | Universal Recipient = AB positive (AB+)\n"
                       "Rh factor: Rh+ (has D antigen) more common. Rh- mother + Rh+ baby = Rh incompatibility risk.", LIGHT_BLUE, MED_BLUE))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 8: NURSING CARE & CVS CONDITIONS
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.8  Common CVS Conditions & Nursing Care",
                        "Exam-focused nursing management"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
story.append(Paragraph("<b>Definition:</b> Death of cardiac muscle due to prolonged ischemia (blocked coronary artery)", body))
story.append(sp(4))
mi = [
    ["Aspect",          "Details"],
    ["Causes",          "Coronary artery blockage (atherosclerosis, thrombus, spasm)"],
    ["Signs & Symptoms","Crushing/squeezing chest pain, radiates to left arm/jaw/shoulder\nDiaphoresis (sweating), nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, anxiety\nPain NOT relieved by rest or nitrates"],
    ["Diagnosis",       "ECG (ST elevation in STEMI), Cardiac enzymes (Troponin, CK-MB, LDH)\nEcho, Coronary Angiography"],
    ["Treatment",       "MONA: Morphine, O2, Nitrates, Aspirin\nThrombolytics (streptokinase), PCI (angioplasty), CABG"],
    ["Nursing Care",    "Bed rest (position: semi-Fowler's)\nContinuous ECG monitoring\nIV access, O2 at 2-4 L/min\nPain assessment (PQRST scale)\n12-lead ECG immediately\nNPO until stable, emotional support"],
    ["Complications",   "Arrhythmia, Heart failure, Cardiogenic shock, Pericarditis, Death"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Aspect","Details"], mi[1:],
    [inner_w*0.20, inner_w*0.80], hdr_color=DARK_RED))
story.append(sp(8))

story.append(Paragraph("Heart Failure", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
hf = [
    ["Aspect",          "Left Heart Failure",              "Right Heart Failure"],
    ["Main Problem",    "LV cannot pump → backs up to lungs","RV cannot pump → backs up to body"],
    ["Key Symptoms",    "Dyspnea, orthopnea, PND\nPink frothy sputum, crackles","Peripheral oedema (ankle, legs)\nJugular vein distension (JVD)\nHepatomegaly, ascites"],
    ["Nursing Care",    "Fowler's position (upright)\nO2 therapy, diuretics\nFluid restriction, daily weights",
     "Legs elevated, diuretics\nFluid/sodium restriction\nMonitor intake/output"],
]
data = [[Paragraph(h, table_hd) for h in ["Aspect","Left Heart Failure","Right Heart Failure"]]]
for row in hf[1:]:
    data.append([Paragraph(c, table_cell) for c in row])
t = Table(data, colWidths=[inner_w*0.18, inner_w*0.41, inner_w*0.41], repeatRows=1)
t.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("BACKGROUND",    (0,0), (-1,0),  DARK_RED),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1), (-1,-1), [WHITE, LIGHT_RED]),
    ("GRID",          (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, MID_GRAY),
    ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
    ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
    ("VALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
]))
story.append(t)
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 9: SELF-TEST
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("1.9  Self-Test Questions",
                        "Test yourself before moving on!"))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(info_box("📋 Instructions: Answer all questions WITHOUT looking at notes first. "
                       "Then check your answers below. Score yourself out of 20.", LIGHT_BLUE, MED_BLUE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Section A - Fill in the Blanks", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
fill = [
    "1. The natural pacemaker of the heart is the ____________.",
    "2. Normal adult heart rate is _______ to _______ bpm.",
    "3. Normal blood pressure is _______ / _______ mmHg.",
    "4. The thickest chamber of the heart is the ____________.",
    "5. The valve between Left Atrium and Left Ventricle is ____________.",
    "6. Blood group known as Universal Donor is ____________.",
    "7. Cardiac Output = Heart Rate × ____________.",
    "8. ST elevation on ECG indicates ____________.",
    "9. Normal Haemoglobin in adult female is _______ to _______ g/dL.",
    "10. The layer of heart that does the pumping is called ____________.",
]
for q in fill:
    story.append(Paragraph(q, body))
    story.append(sp(4))

story.append(sp(8))
story.append(Paragraph("Section B - Short Answer Questions", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
short = [
    "11. Name the 4 chambers of the heart.",
    "12. What is the difference between Systole and Diastole?",
    "13. Describe the blood flow from body to lungs and back.",
    "14. What are the 5 Rights of drug administration?",
    "15. List 4 signs and symptoms of Myocardial Infarction.",
    "16. What is the function of the AV node?",
    "17. Differentiate between Left and Right Heart Failure.",
    "18. What are the components of blood?",
    "19. What nursing actions do you take for a patient with chest pain?",
    "20. What does the MONA protocol stand for in MI treatment?",
]
for q in short:
    story.append(Paragraph(q, body))
    story.append(sp(14))  # space for writing answer

story.append(PageBreak())

# ANSWER KEY
story.append(ch_header("Answer Key", "Check your answers here", TEAL))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Section A - Answers", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
answers_a = [
    ("1", "SA Node (Sinoatrial Node)"),
    ("2", "60 to 100 bpm"),
    ("3", "120/80 mmHg"),
    ("4", "Left Ventricle"),
    ("5", "Mitral valve (Bicuspid valve)"),
    ("6", "Blood group O (O negative = universal donor)"),
    ("7", "Stroke Volume (CO = HR × SV)"),
    ("8", "Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack - STEMI)"),
    ("9", "12.0 to 15.5 g/dL"),
    ("10", "Myocardium"),
]
for num, ans in answers_a:
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<b>{num}.</b>  {ans}", body))
    story.append(sp(3))

story.append(sp(8))
story.append(Paragraph("Section B - Key Points", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
answers_b = [
    ("11", "Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle"),
    ("12", "Systole = ventricles contracting (pumping blood out). Diastole = ventricles relaxing (filling with blood)"),
    ("13", "Body → Vena Cava → Right Atrium → Tricuspid → Right Ventricle → Pulmonary Valve → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs → Pulmonary Veins → Left Atrium → Mitral Valve → Left Ventricle → Aortic Valve → Aorta → Body"),
    ("14", "Right Patient, Right Drug, Right Dose, Right Route, Right Time"),
    ("15", "Crushing chest pain, radiation to left arm/jaw, diaphoresis (sweating), nausea/vomiting, dyspnea, anxiety, pallor"),
    ("16", "AV node delays electrical impulse by 0.1 second to allow ventricles to fill completely before contracting"),
    ("17", "Left HF: backs up into lungs → dyspnea, crackles, pink frothy sputum. Right HF: backs up into body → pedal edema, JVD, hepatomegaly"),
    ("18", "Plasma (55%) + Red Blood Cells + White Blood Cells + Platelets"),
    ("19", "Sit patient up (semi-Fowler's), give O2, 12-lead ECG, IV access, pain assessment, call doctor immediately, prepare for MONA"),
    ("20", "M = Morphine (pain relief), O = Oxygen, N = Nitrates (vasodilator), A = Aspirin (antiplatelet)"),
]
for num, ans in answers_b:
    story.append(Paragraph(f"<b>{num}.</b>  {ans}", body))
    story.append(sp(5))

story.append(sp(10))
story.append(info_box(
    "📊 Score Yourself:\n"
    "18-20 = Excellent! Move to Chapter 2 ✅\n"
    "14-17 = Good! Review weak areas, then proceed\n"
    "10-13 = Fair - Re-read sections you got wrong\n"
    "Below 10 = Revise the full chapter once more\n\n"
    "Remember: Understanding > Memorising. If you understand the concepts, "
    "exam answers will come naturally!", LIGHT_TEAL, TEAL))
story.append(PageBreak())

# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
# SECTION 10: QUICK REFERENCE CARD
# ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
story.append(ch_header("Quick Reference Card", "All key values at a glance - cut and keep!", DARK_RED))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("CVS Normal Values - Master Summary", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
ref_vals = [
    ["Parameter",                   "Normal Value",       "Abnormal = Action"],
    ["Heart Rate",                  "60-100 bpm",         "<60 = Bradycardia | >100 = Tachycardia"],
    ["Blood Pressure",              "120/80 mmHg",        "<90/60 = Hypotension | >140/90 = HTN"],
    ["Cardiac Output",              "~5 L/min",           "<4 = Concern | Increases in exercise"],
    ["Stroke Volume",               "~70 mL/beat",        "Reduced in heart failure"],
    ["PR Interval (ECG)",           "0.12-0.20 sec",      ">0.20 = AV block"],
    ["QRS Duration (ECG)",          "0.06-0.10 sec",      ">0.12 = Bundle branch block"],
    ["Haemoglobin (Male)",          "13.5-17.5 g/dL",     "<13.5 = Anaemia"],
    ["Haemoglobin (Female)",        "12.0-15.5 g/dL",     "<12.0 = Anaemia"],
    ["WBC Count",                   "4,000-11,000 /µL",   ">11,000 = Leukocytosis (infection)"],
    ["Platelet Count",              "1.5-4.5 lakh/µL",    "<1 lakh = Thrombocytopenia"],
    ["Bleeding Time",               "1-3 minutes",        "Prolonged = platelet problem"],
    ["MAP (Mean Arterial Pressure)","70-100 mmHg",        "<60 = Inadequate organ perfusion"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Parameter","Normal Value","Abnormal = Action"], ref_vals[1:],
    [inner_w*0.35, inner_w*0.22, inner_w*0.43], hdr_color=DARK_RED, alt=LIGHT_RED))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(Paragraph("Key Mnemonics Summary", sec_hd))
story.append(HR())
mnemonics = [
    ["Mnemonic",       "Meaning",                                            "Remembers"],
    ["Tigers Prefer Milk Always", "Tricuspid, Pulmonary, Mitral, Aortic",   "4 heart valves in order"],
    ["MONA",          "Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrates, Aspirin",                "MI emergency treatment"],
    ["PQRST",         "Provocation, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Timing",  "Pain assessment"],
    ["Lub-Dub",       "S1 = AV valves close | S2 = Semilunar valves close", "Heart sounds"],
    ["5 Rights",      "Patient, Drug, Dose, Route, Time",                   "Safe drug giving"],
    ["EPI-MYO-ENDO",  "Outer, Middle, Inner layers of heart",               "Heart wall layers"],
    ["SA → AV → Bundle → Purkinje", "Electrical pathway",                  "Conduction system"],
]
story.append(mk_table(["Mnemonic","Meaning","Remembers"], mnemonics[1:],
    [inner_w*0.28, inner_w*0.42, inner_w*0.30], hdr_color=PURPLE, alt=LIGHT_PURPLE))
story.append(sp(10))

story.append(tip_box(
    "🌟 Chapter 1 Complete! What to do next:\n"
    "1. Afternoon: Make your own heart diagram from memory\n"
    "2. Evening: Do the self-test questions (Page 8-9)\n"
    "3. Before sleep: Repeat key values in your head\n"
    "4. Tomorrow: Start Respiratory System (Chapter 1 Part 2)\n\n"
    "All the best! You are doing great! 💪"))

# ── Build ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF created: {OUTPUT}")