detailed and accurate explaination Anatomy 1. a. What is retroinguinal space? (2) b. Mention the boundaries and contents of femoral triangle.(1.5+1.5=3) 2. a. What is connective tissue? Mention three fixed and three wandering cells present in it. (0.5+1.5=2) b. Mention any three histological features of dense irregular connective tissue.(3) 3. a. What are structures that form anterior wall of axilla? (2) b. What are the structures that form boundaries of cervicoaxillary canal? (1.5) c. What are the branches that arise from lateral cord of brachial plexus? (1.5) 4. a. What are the structures that form the pillars of medial longitudinal arch? (2) b. Mention the tributaries of great saphenous vein. (3) 5. a. What are the boundaries of anatomical snuff box? (1.5) b. What are the articulating surfaces of shoulder joint? Mention any four ligaments of this joint.(0.5+2=2.5) c. Mention any two peculiarities of clavicle. (1) Physiology ........ Biochemistry 1. Observe the given figure on enzyme activity and answer the following questions: a. What does the graph demonstrate? (2) b. Mention any two factors that affects the enzyme activity. (1) c. What is the effect of competitive inhibitors, on Km and Vmax of a reaction? (2) 2. A man on hunger strike was brought to hospital. On urine examination, ketone bodies were found to be positive. a. What happens to gluconeogenesis in this case? Give reason. (0.5+1.5=2) 4 | P a g e Complied by – Sundram Mahaseth (9th Batch) b. Why is his urine positive for ketone bodies? (2) c. Mention any two tissues that use ketone bodies as a source of energy. (0.5+0.5=1) 3. A 15-year male was brought to hospital. He was unconscious and his fasting blood glucose was 20 mg/dl (severe hypoglycemia). A glycogen storage disease was suspected. a. Which glycogen storage disease did the doctor suspect? Mention the deficient enzyme in this disease. (1+1=2) b. Explain the reason for severe hypoglycemia in this patient. (2) c. Define gluconeogenesis (1) 4. A biochemistry faculty was teaching glycolysis to first year MBBS students. He was talking about fructose 2,6- bisphosphatase during regulation process. a. How is this compound responsible for regulation of glycolysis? (2) b. What is the role of AMP and citrate in this process? (2) c. How is glycolysis linked to triglycerol? (1) 5. a. Mention two importance of major and minor grooves in DNA structure. (2) b. What is the relation of histone proteins with DNA? (2) c. Mention two functions of nucleotides apart from its role in nucleic acid. (0.5+0.5=1) Pathology 1. a. Mention any four causes of cell injury.(0.5*4=2) b. Define metaplasia. Mention any four causes of pathologic atrophy.(1+2=3) 2. a. Mention any three differences between necrosis and apoptosis. (1*3=3) b. Mention any four factors that influence tissue repair.(0.5*4=2) 3. a. What are the events that occur during recruitment of leucocytes in acute inflammation? Mention any two possible outcomes of acute inflammation. (3+1=4) b. Mention any two disease associated with granulomatous inflammation.(0.5*2=1) 4. a. Mention four main pathways of abnormal intracellular accumulations.(0.5*4=2) b. Mention two differences between metastatic and dystrophic calcifications with an example of each.(2+1=3) 5. a. Define shock.(2) b. Mention three stages of shock with their key pathophysiological feature.(1*3=3) Pharmacology 1. A patient presented to Emergency with lower abdominal pain. After taking history and examination, he was administered a drug intramuscularly to relieve the pain. a. Mention any three advantages of this route of administration.(3) b. Mention any two disadvantages of this route of administration.(2) 2. Mention two important reasons why biotransformation of drugs is necessary. Mention any three consequences of enzyme induction.(1*2+1*3=5) 3. Define antagonist and mention four differences between competitive and noncompetitive antagonism.(5) 5 | P a g e Complied By – Sundram Mahaseth (9th batch) 4. Mention four types of a subunits of G proteins of G-protein coupled receptors and their action on the effector.(1+4=5) 5. Define the following terms: (1+1+1+1+1=5) a. Adverse drug event b. Adverse drug reactions c. Adverse effect d. Pharmacovigilance e. Idiosyncrasy Microbiology ............... Community Health Science (Biostatistics) In your urban slum posting, you calculated body mass index (BMI) of 5 individuals from a single household with the following values (in kg/m2): 25, 20, 5, 26, 0, 20.5, 31.0 1. Calculate and interpret mean and median BMI for this household? (1.5+1.5=3) 2. Why did you find difference in mean and median BMI values in this collected data? (1) You planned to convert these values of BMI to categories of normal weight, overweight and obese with standard cut off values. 3. What are merits and demerits of such conversion? Mention any two (1*2=2) Ecologic health: Water remains as a major component of human body. In an average, nearly two third of the body weight is composed of water. However, this composition can differ by age, sex and body weight of a person. 4. Explain its relationship with respect to age, sex and body weight of a person. (1*3=3) 5. What is its importance in human body? Mention any five. (0.5*4=2) HEP Communication is about exchanging information, sharing ideas, knowledge. There are two models of communication. The Convergence model is one of the model. 6. Name three features of such communication model. (1*2=2) HEalth communication is a key strategy to inform and maintain the important health issues of the person for behaviour change. There are various steps to develop health communication means or tools. 7. Write six steps to develop that. (0.5*6=3) MSHP As a health manager, you have to create a health care system for the control and prevention of communicable diseases like COVID-19. Health care system has some specific characteristics. 8. What are such characteristics? Mention any six. (0.5*6=3) SCH Culture is one of the important concept and major influencing factor of health and quality of life of people. 9. List any six characteristics of such important concept. (0.5*6=3) Social model of health attempts to address the broader influences rather than biomedical explanation of disease and injury. Social determinants are the fundamental causes of diseases of an individual or the groups. 6 | P a g e Complied by – Sundram Mahaseth (9th Batch) 10. List six such deterministic factors for ill health with two examples of each. (0.5*6=3) ICM (offline) 1. Further history for person presenting with macule. (0.5*7=3.5) 2. What is macule, papule and vesicle? (0.5*3=1.5) 3. Further history for cough from 5 days(0.5*6=3) 4. What more questions you would ask for cough regarding family history and social history? (1+1) 5. Further history for palpitation and swelling.(2.5+2.5) 6. Different headings to elaborate pain(4) 7. Difference between arthralgia and arthritis.(1) 8. Any 6 symptoms(major+minor) of depression.(0.5*6=3) 9. What should we not miss to ask the patient presenting with depression and why? (1+1)