Dose. And medicine for parasite in git
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Here is a comprehensive reference for drugs and doses used against GI (gastrointestinal) parasites, organized by parasite type.
Drugs & Doses for GI Parasites
π΅ NEMATODES (Roundworms)
| Parasite | Drug | Adult Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm) | Albendazole | 400 mg PO, single dose |
| Mebendazole | 100 mg PO twice daily Γ 3 days, or 500 mg single dose | |
| Ivermectin | 150β200 mcg/kg PO, single dose | |
| Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) | Albendazole | 400 mg PO single dose; repeat in 2 weeks |
| Mebendazole | 100 mg PO single dose; repeat in 2 weeks | |
| Pyrantel pamoate | 11 mg/kg PO (max 1 g) single dose; repeat in 2 weeks | |
| Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) | Albendazole | 400 mg PO daily Γ 3 days |
| Mebendazole | 100 mg PO twice daily Γ 3 days, or 500 mg single dose | |
| Hookworm (Ancylostoma, Necator) | Albendazole | 400 mg PO, single dose or 400 mg twice daily Γ 3 days |
| Mebendazole | 100 mg PO twice daily Γ 3 days | |
| Pyrantel pamoate | 11 mg/kg (max 1 g) daily Γ 3 days | |
| Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm) | Ivermectin (preferred) | 200 mcg/kg/day PO Γ 2 days |
| Albendazole | 400 mg PO twice daily Γ 7 days |
π£ CESTODES (Tapeworms)
| Parasite | Drug | Adult Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) | Praziquantel | 5β10 mg/kg PO, single dose |
| Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm) | Praziquantel | 5β10 mg/kg PO, single dose |
| Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm) | Praziquantel | 5β10 mg/kg PO, single dose |
π’ PROTOZOA
| Parasite | Drug | Adult Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Giardia lamblia | Tinidazole (preferred) | 2 g PO, single dose |
| Metronidazole | 250 mg TID Γ 7β10 days or 500 mg BID Γ 5β7 days | |
| Nitazoxanide | 500 mg BID Γ 3 days | |
| Entamoeba histolytica (amoebiasis) | Metronidazole | 750 mg TID Γ 5β10 days (for invasive disease) |
| Tinidazole | 2 g once daily Γ 3 days | |
| + Luminal agent: Paromomycin | 25β35 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses Γ 7 days | |
| or Diloxanide furoate | 500 mg TID Γ 10 days | |
| Cryptosporidium | Nitazoxanide | 500 mg BID Γ 3 days (immunocompetent) |
β οΈ Key Clinical Notes
- Albendazole and mebendazole are benzimidazoles β they inhibit microtubule polymerization in worms. Take with food for better absorption.
- Repeat dosing in 2 weeks is essential for pinworm (auto-reinfection is common); treat all household contacts simultaneously.
- For amoebiasis, always follow the tissue agent (metronidazole/tinidazole) with a luminal agent (paromomycin or diloxanide) to eliminate cysts in the gut and prevent relapse.
- Ivermectin is the drug of choice for Strongyloides β albendazole is an alternative but less effective.
- Praziquantel is the go-to for all tapeworms.
Sources: Yamada's Textbook of Gastroenterology 7e (Table 147.1); Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine (Table 162-13); Goldman-Cecil Medicine; Red Book 2021 (Table 4.11); Rosen's Emergency Medicine
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