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Nursing Management of patients with respiratory problems Review of anatomy and physiology of respiratory system Nursing Assessment - history taking, physical assessment and diagnostic tests Common respiratory problems: o Upper respiratory tract infections o Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases o Asthma o Pleural effusion, Empyema o Bronchiectasis o Pneumonia o Lung abscess o Cyst and tumors Chest Injuries Acute respiratory distress syndrome g o Pulmonary embolism Health behaviours to prevent respiratory illness

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This comprehensive guide covers all the topics in your outline. Here is a brief orientation of what is covered:
What this guide covers:
  1. Anatomy & Physiology - URT/LRT structure, lung volumes, V/Q matching, control of breathing, normal values table
  2. Nursing Assessment - Full history taking framework (PQRST, smoking history, occupational exposure), physical exam (inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation with abnormal breath sounds), and all diagnostic tests with nursing responsibilities
  3. Upper RTIs - Common cold, sinusitis, pharyngitis with Centor criteria, croup, epiglottitis
  4. COPD - Emphysema vs. chronic bronchitis pathophysiology, GOLD staging, full nursing management including oxygen safety, pursed-lip breathing, medications, exacerbation management
  5. Asthma - Th2/IgE pathophysiology, trigger types, severity classification, acute attack management (SABA/ipratropium/steroids/MgSO4), step-up therapy, inhaler technique, peak flow zones
  6. Pleural Effusion/Empyema - Light's criteria, chest tube care with water-seal monitoring, thoracentesis nursing care
  7. Bronchiectasis - Postural drainage technique, flutter valve, airway clearance priority, signet ring/tram-track HRCT signs
  8. Pneumonia - CAP/HAP/VAP classification, CURB-65 scoring, VAP bundle, antibiotic guidance
  9. Lung Abscess - Anaerobic microbiology, postural drainage, clindamycin therapy, indications for surgery
  10. Cysts and Tumors - Lung cancer types (adenocarcinoma, SCC, SCLC, large cell), paraneoplastic syndromes, Pancoast/Horner's, perioperative and palliative nursing
  11. Chest Injuries - Rib fractures, flail chest, tension pneumothorax (needle decompression), hemothorax, cardiac tamponade
  12. ARDS - Berlin criteria, ARDSNET lung-protective ventilation (6 mL/kg, plateau ≤30), prone positioning, conservative fluids
  13. Pulmonary Embolism - Virchow's triad, Wells criteria, anticoagulation types, thrombolysis indications, DVT prevention
  14. Health Behaviors - Smoking cessation 5 A's, vaccines, hand hygiene, LDCT screening criteria, occupational health
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