Breastfeeding in the Era of Digital Media

from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Pt, Inches, RGBColor
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH

doc = Document()

# --- Page margins ---
from docx.oxml.ns import qn
from docx.oxml import OxmlElement

section = doc.sections[0]
section.page_width  = Inches(8.5)
section.page_height = Inches(11)
section.left_margin   = Inches(1.2)
section.right_margin  = Inches(1.2)
section.top_margin    = Inches(1.1)
section.bottom_margin = Inches(1.1)

# --- Default Normal style ---
normal = doc.styles["Normal"]
normal.font.name = "Calibri"
normal.font.size = Pt(11)

# --- Title ---
title_para = doc.add_paragraph()
title_para.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
title_run = title_para.add_run("Breastfeeding in the Era of Digital Media")
title_run.bold = True
title_run.font.size = Pt(18)
title_run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0x1A, 0x57, 0x76)  # teal-blue
title_run.font.name = "Calibri"

doc.add_paragraph()  # spacer

# --- Helper: add body paragraph ---
def add_body(text):
    p = doc.add_paragraph()
    p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.JUSTIFY
    run = p.add_run(text)
    run.font.name = "Calibri"
    run.font.size = Pt(11)
    p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(8)
    return p

# --- Helper: add section heading ---
def add_heading(text):
    h = doc.add_paragraph()
    run = h.add_run(text)
    run.bold = True
    run.font.size = Pt(13)
    run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0x1A, 0x57, 0x76)
    run.font.name = "Calibri"
    h.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(10)
    h.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(4)
    return h

# --- Intro paragraph ---
add_body(
    "Breastfeeding is one of the most well-established practices for infant health, offering "
    "protection against infections, chronic disease, and malnutrition. The World Health "
    "Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, yet "
    "global rates remain far below this target. In recent years, digital media has emerged as "
    "a powerful force shaping how mothers think about, initiate, and sustain breastfeeding."
)

# --- Section 1 ---
add_heading("A Double-Edged Platform")
add_body(
    "Social media platforms — Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, TikTok, and WhatsApp groups — give "
    "mothers 24/7 access to peer support, lactation advice, and shared lived experiences. For "
    "many women, especially first-time mothers or those in areas with limited healthcare access, "
    "these spaces fill a real gap. Online communities reduce the isolation that can accompany "
    "early motherhood and have been shown to increase breastfeeding confidence and duration, "
    "particularly among vulnerable families (Eppes et al., 2023)."
)
add_body(
    "However, the same platforms that support breastfeeding are also flooded with commercial "
    "content. Formula manufacturers have shifted their marketing aggressively to digital channels, "
    "exploiting regulatory grey zones where the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk "
    "Substitutes does not yet fully apply. A scoping review published in BMJ Global Health found "
    "that legislation governing digital and social media promotion of breast-milk substitutes "
    "remains weak in most countries, allowing targeted advertising to reach pregnant women and "
    "new mothers with misleading messaging (Franco-Lares et al., 2023). A parallel review "
    "confirmed that digital marketing of breast-milk substitutes is widespread, sophisticated, "
    "and often disguised as lifestyle or parenting content (Jones et al., 2022)."
)

# --- Section 2 ---
add_heading("Misinformation and Its Consequences")
add_body(
    "Not all online breastfeeding content is accurate. Myths circulate freely — that breast milk "
    "is insufficient, that formula is equivalent, or that certain foods must be avoided. "
    "Influencers without clinical training can reach millions of mothers and inadvertently "
    "discourage breastfeeding through well-meaning but incorrect guidance. This misinformation "
    "can shorten breastfeeding duration and increase unnecessary formula use."
)

# --- Section 3 ---
add_heading("Harnessing Digital Tools for Good")
add_body(
    "Health systems and practitioners have an opportunity to meet mothers where they are. "
    "Digital health interventions — text reminders, lactation telehealth, peer-support apps, "
    "and evidence-based social media campaigns — have shown promise in improving breastfeeding "
    "rates when designed thoughtfully (Henderson & Gow, 2023). Training healthcare workers to "
    "direct mothers to credible online resources is now as important as hands-on lactation "
    "counseling."
)

# --- Section 4 ---
add_heading("Moving Forward")
add_body(
    "The digital environment will only grow more influential. Stronger regulation of online "
    "formula marketing, greater digital literacy among parents and clinicians, and investment "
    "in high-quality online breastfeeding support are all needed. Breastfeeding does not happen "
    "in isolation — it happens in the same digital world where mothers live their daily lives, "
    "and public health must respond accordingly."
)

# --- References ---
doc.add_paragraph()
add_heading("References")

refs = [
    "Eppes EV, Augustyn M, Gross SM. Engagement With and Acceptability of Digital Media Platforms for Use in Improving Health Behaviors Among Vulnerable Families: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2023;25:e41290. PMID: 36735286.",
    "Franco-Lares B, Lara-Mejía V, Lozada-Tequeanes AL. Legislation on marketing of breast-milk substitutes in digital and social media: a scoping review. BMJ Glob Health. 2023;8(3):e010507. PMID: 36918217.",
    "Jones A, Bhaumik S, Morelli G. Digital Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes: a Systematic Scoping Review. Curr Nutr Rep. 2022;11(3):489-499. PMID: 35507274.",
    "Henderson MJ, Gow ML. A scoping review of health promotion interventions delivered via social media to women of reproductive age. Public Health Nutr. 2023;26(12):3018-3036. PMID: 37927181.",
]

for ref in refs:
    p = doc.add_paragraph(style="List Bullet")
    run = p.add_run(ref)
    run.font.name = "Calibri"
    run.font.size = Pt(10)
    p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(4)

# --- Footer with date ---
from docx.oxml.ns import nsmap
footer = section.footer
footer_para = footer.paragraphs[0]
footer_para.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
footer_run = footer_para.add_run("Generated: August 2026  |  For educational and sharing purposes only.")
footer_run.font.size = Pt(9)
footer_run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0x88, 0x88, 0x88)
footer_run.font.name = "Calibri"

out_path = "/tmp/workspace/breastfeeding-doc/Breastfeeding_Digital_Media.docx"
doc.save(out_path)
print(f"Saved: {out_path}")