When the immune system hits the wrong target or is crippled, however, it can unleash a torrent of diseases, including allergy, arthritis, or AIDS. Means

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meaning immune system wrong target crippled allergy arthritis AIDS immune system

It means:
When the immune system attacks the wrong thing or becomes too weak to protect the body, it can cause serious diseases.
  • “Hits the wrong target”: the immune system mistakenly reacts to harmless substances or to the body’s own tissues.
    • Allergy: reacts to normally harmless things such as pollen or certain foods.
    • Arthritis: in autoimmune forms such as rheumatoid arthritis, it attacks the joints.
  • “Is crippled”: the immune system is severely weakened.
    • AIDS: HIV damages key immune cells, so the body cannot fight infections effectively.
In simple words: immune problems can result from an immune system that is overactive and misdirected, or underactive and weak.
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