This is the pdf of four units I will share pyqs u answer them according to what an examiner expect for university exam answers which should include image / diagram / flowchart / mindmap as per need and all the information please
cd /home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45 && python3 -c " import pdfplumber with pdfplumber.open('CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') as pdf: print(f'Total pages: {len(pdf.pages)}') for i, page in enumerate(pdf.pages[:10]): text = page.extract_text() if text: print(f'--- PAGE {i+1} ---') print(text[:800]) print() "
python3 -c " import pdfplumber with pdfplumber.open('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') as pdf: print(f'Total pages: {len(pdf.pages)}') # Sample every ~17 pages to get section headings for i in [0,1,2,3,4,5,15,30,45,60,75,90,105,120,135,150,165,168]: page = pdf.pages[i] text = page.extract_text() if text: print(f'--- PAGE {i+1} ---') print(text[:500]) print() "
python3 -c " import fitz # PyMuPDF doc = fitz.open('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') print(f'Total pages: {len(doc)}') for i in range(min(10, len(doc))): page = doc[i] text = page.get_text() if text.strip(): print(f'--- PAGE {i+1} ---') print(text[:600]) print() doc.close() "
python3 -c " from pypdf import PdfReader reader = PdfReader('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') print(f'Total pages: {len(reader.pages)}') for i in range(min(15, len(reader.pages))): text = reader.pages[i].extract_text() if text and text.strip(): print(f'--- PAGE {i+1} ---') print(text[:500]) print() else: print(f'--- PAGE {i+1} --- [no extractable text / image-based]') "
python3 -c " from pypdf import PdfReader import base64, os reader = PdfReader('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') os.makedirs('/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages', exist_ok=True) # Extract images from first few pages for i in [0,1,2,3,4]: page = reader.pages[i] images = page.images print(f'Page {i+1}: {len(images)} images') for j, img in enumerate(images[:1]): fname = f'/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages/page{i+1}_img{j}.{img.name.split(\".\")[-1] if \".\" in img.name else \"png\"}' with open(fname, 'wb') as f: f.write(img.data) print(f' Saved: {fname} ({len(img.data)} bytes)') "
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Renal (Chapter 26) - Renal Diuretics: physiology of nephron, classes of diuretics (Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Osmotic, Loop, Thiazide, K+-sparing), with drugs like Furosemide, Mannitol, Spironolactone, Acetazolamide, Chlorothiazide
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CVS (Cardiovascular System) - likely includes antihypertensives, antiarrhythmics, cardiac glycosides, antianginals
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Endocrine - likely includes insulin, thyroid drugs, corticosteroids, oral hypoglycemics
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Blood - likely includes anticoagulants, antiplatelets, fibrinolytics, haematinics
- Diagrams / flowcharts / mind maps where relevant
- Complete mechanism of action, uses, adverse effects, comparisons
- Examiner-expected structure (intro → classification → MOA → uses → ADRs → conclusion)
Share your first PYQ on Renal Diuretics or CVS pharmacology
"Q. Write a note on Loop Diuretics."
"Q. Classify diuretics and explain the mechanism of action of Furosemide with its uses and adverse effects."
"Q. Compare and contrast Thiazide and Loop diuretics."
"Q. Write short note on Spironolactone."
"Q. Describe the pharmacology of antihypertensive drugs."
- Proper structured format (Intro → Classification → MOA → Uses → ADRs → CI → Conclusion)
- Diagrams, flowcharts, or tables as needed
- All content mapped directly from your PDF notes
CVS pharmacology : (5/23) 1. HMGCoA Reductase inhibitors 2. Rationale behind use of ACEis in HTN 3. High ceiling loop diuretics like furosemide use in LVF 4. Use of beta blockers in HTN 5. Why dopamine is used in cardiogenic shock
python3 -c " from pypdf import PdfReader import os reader = PdfReader('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') os.makedirs('/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages', exist_ok=True) total = len(reader.pages) print(f'Total pages: {total}') # Extract images from pages across the PDF to find CVS topics # Sample pages at intervals to find chapters for i in range(0, total, 8): page = reader.pages[i] images = page.images if images: fname = f'/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages/scan_p{i+1}.jpg' with open(fname, 'wb') as f: f.write(images[0].data) print('Done sampling') "
python3 -c " from pypdf import PdfReader import os reader = PdfReader('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') os.makedirs('/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages', exist_ok=True) # Extract pages 35-50 range (statins/HMG-CoA likely here) and 55-80 (beta blockers, dopamine) for i in [34,35,36,37,38,39,40,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68]: page = reader.pages[i] images = page.images if images: fname = f'/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages/p{i+1}.jpg' with open(fname, 'wb') as f: f.write(images[0].data) print('Done') "
python3 -c " from pypdf import PdfReader import os reader = PdfReader('/home/daytona/workspace/attachments/51beb6bd-4b07-47e5-abf6-26c6f796df45/CVS renal endo blood_compressed.pdf') # p227 = index 36 (statins), we need 36,37,38,39 for full statin content # p260 = index 59 (beta blockers), we need 59,60,61,62 for beta blockers HTN # Also need furosemide LVF and dopamine shock pages # Let's check pages around p195-200 (furosemide in renal) and search heart failure section for i in [38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,59,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72]: page = reader.pages[i] images = page.images if images: fname = f'/home/daytona/workspace/pdf_pages/p{i+1}.jpg' with open(fname, 'wb') as f: f.write(images[0].data) print('Done') "
A clean medical pharmacology diagram showing HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) mechanism of action. Show: HMG-CoA arrow to Mevalonate (catalyzed by HMG-CoA Reductase enzyme) arrow to Cholesterol. Show statins blocking this enzyme with a red X. Then show downstream effect: blocked cholesterol synthesis in liver causes liver to upregulate LDL receptors on hepatocytes, pulling LDL from blood, resulting in decreased blood LDL levels. Include a box showing Pleiotropic effects: Anti-atherosclerotic, Anti-inflammatory (decreased CRP), Antiplatelet, Anticoagulant, decreased uric acid. Style: clean educational diagram with arrows, labels, blue and red color scheme.
Medical pharmacology flowchart showing the Rationale for ACE inhibitors in Hypertension. Show the RAAS pathway: Angiotensinogen converted by Renin to Angiotensin I, then converted by ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) to Angiotensin II. Show Angiotensin II effects: vasoconstriction (increased BP), aldosterone release (sodium retention, increased blood volume), ADH release, sympathetic activation. Show ACE inhibitor blocking ACE with a red X. Show downstream benefits: decreased Angiotensin II, decreased BP, decreased aldosterone, decreased bradykinin breakdown (causing cough as side effect). Clean educational style with arrows and boxes.
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