Week 1 - Lecture 1 Overview of cardiovascular system, Heart – part 1 1. Overview of cardiovascular system 2. Overview of Mediastinum, Pericardium, clinical problems 3. Surfaces of the heart 4. Clinical corrections: atreriosclerosis: ischemia and infarction, varicose veins, lymphoid spread: spread of cancer,lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, lymphedema, mediastinum overview and pericardium : level of viscera relative to mediastinal divisions, mediastinoscopy and mediastinal biopsies, widening of mediastinum, surgical significance of transverse pericardial sinus, exposure of vena cavae, pericarditis, pericardial rub, pericardial effusions, cardiac tamponade, pericardiocentesis, positional abnormalities of the heart 5. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur;37– 46; 128 -134; 135-138 Week 2 - Lecture 2 Heart - part 2 1. Chambers of the heart 2. Valves of heart and great vessels 3. Coronary circulation 4. Impulse conducting system of heart 5. Innervation of heart 6. clinical problems: heart: cardiac catheterization, embryology of the right atrium, septal defects, percussion of heart, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, basis for naming cusps of the aortic and pulmonary valves, valvular heart disease, echocardiography, coronary angiography, coronary artery disease or coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, coronary bypass graft, coronary angioplasty, coronary circulation via the smallest cardiac veins, electrocardiography, coronary occlusion and conducting system of the heart, artificial cardiac pacemaker, restarting heart, fibrillation of heart, defibrillation of heart, cardiac referred pain.7. Pages:Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 138-159 Week 3 - Lecture 3 Mediastinum and great vessels 1. Superior Mediastinum and Great Vessels, 2. Posterior Mediastinum, 3. Vessels of the thorax 4. Lymphatic system 5. Anterior Mediastinum, 6. Surface Anatomy of Heart and Mediastinal Viscera, 7. Auscultatory Areas, 8. clinical problems of superior, posterior and anterior mediastinum: variations of great arteries, aneurism of ascending aorta, coarctation of aorta, injury of recurrent laryngeal nerves, blockage of esophagus, laceration of thoracic duct, variations of thoracic duct, alternative venous routes to heart, age changes in thymus, aortic angiography, radiography of mediastinum, CT and MRI of mediastinum. 9. Pages:Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 160-180; Week 4 - Lecture 4 Fascia of Neck Vasculature of Neck – part 1 1. Fascia of Neck, cervical regions, triangles of the neck 2. Vasculature of Neck 3. Vessels in lateral cervical region, Subclavian arteries (in next lecture) 2. Vessels in anterior cervical region, Carotid system of arteries, Veins of the neck 3. Clinical corelations: superficial structures of of neck: cervical regions, congenital torticollis, spasmodic torticollis, subclavian vein puncture, right cardiac catheterisation, prominence of external jugular vein, Severance of External Jugular Vein, Lesions of Spinal Accessory Nerve, Severance of Phrenic Nerve Block, and Phrenic Nerve Crush, Nerve Blocks in Lateral Cervical Region, Injury to Suprascapular Nerve, Ligation of External Carotid Artery, Surgical Dissection oCarotid Triangle, Carotid Occlusion and Endarterectomy, Carotid Pulse, Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity, Role of Carotid Bodies, Internal Jugular Pulse, Internal Jugular Vein Puncture. 4. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 1000-1005; 982; 992-995; 996-1000; 1006; 1008-1011; Week 5 - Lecture 5 Vasculature of Neck-part 2 Vessels of the root of the neck 1. Vessels of the root of the neck 2. Subclavian artery 3. Subclavian vein 4. Vessels of thyroid gland, larynx and pharynx 5. Lymphatics at the root of the neck 6. Medical problems: Esophageal Injuries, Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula, Esophageal Cancer, Zones of Penetrating Neck Trauma. 7. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 1013-1015; 1018 – 1021; 1029-1030; 1038-1041; 1049-1052; Week 6 - Lecture 6 Vasculature of face and Neck-part 3 Maxillary artery, vessels of scalp, orbit, nasal cavities, tongue, palate, teeth, meninges 1. Superficial Vasculature of Face and Scalp 2. Vessels of meninges 3. Vessels of brain 4. Vasculature of Orbit5. Maxillary artery 5. Pterygoid plexus 6. Vessels of tongue, nasal cavity, teeth, palate 7. Lymphatic drainage of head 8. Clinical correlations: face and scalp: Facial Lacerations and Incisions,Scalp Injuries, Scalp Wounds,Scalp Infections, Sebaceous Cysts, Cephalhematoma, Flaring of Nostrils, Paralysis of Facial Muscles, Testing Sensory Function of CN V, Injuries to Facial Nerve, Compression of Facial Artery, Pulses of Arteries of Face and Scalp. 10. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 855-859; 860-861; 863; 870,871,874-877; 882, 868, 888, 905-907; 921-925; 941-944; 959, 964, 972, 934, 937, 968; Week 7 - Lecture 7 Vessels of thorax and abdomen 1. Vasculature of Thoracic Wall 2. VASCULATURE OF BREAST 3. VASCULATURE OF LUNGS AND PLEURAE 4. Vessels of abdomen: 5. VESSELS OF ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL 6. Vessels of Posterior Abdominal Wall 7. VESSELS OF KIDNEYS, URETERS, SUPRARENAL GLANDS AND GONADS 8. Vessels of diaphragm 9. Blood Supply of the abdominal portion of the gastrointestinal tract 10. Clinical corelation: Abdominal Surgical Incisions, Reversal of Venous Flow and Collateral Pathways of Superfi cial Abdominal Veins.Partial Lumbar Sympathectomy, Pulsations of Aorta and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Collateral Routes for Abdominopelvic Venous Blood. KIDNEYS, URETERS, AND SUPRARENAL GLANDS: Palpation of Kidneys, Perinephric Abscess, Nephroptosis, Renal Transplantation, Renal Cysts, Pain in Pararenal Region, Accessory Renal Vessels, Renal Vein Entrapment Syndrome. Esophageal Varices, Pyrosis, Displacement of Stomach, Hiatal Hernia, Pylorospasm, Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis, Portal Hypertension, PortosystemicShunts, Undescended (Cryptorchid) Testis, External Supravesical Hernia, Postnatal Patency of Umbilical Vein, 11. Pages:Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 93-96; 99-102; 116-118; 195 – 196; 199-200; 207; 313-316; 319, 320; 295- 298; 207, 290; 307; 228,236-238; 250, 252, 254, 272, 273, 280-281; 288, 211; Week 8 – midterm examination Week 9 - Lecture 8 Vessels of upper limb 1. Vessels of axilla 2. Vessels of arm, forearm, hand, 3. Venous Drainage and lymphatics of Upper Limb 4. clinical problems: Axilla: Arterial Anastomoses Around Scapula, Compression of Axillary Artery, Aneurysm of Axillary Artery, Injuries to Axillary Vein, Role of Axillary Vein in Subclavian Vein Puncture,Enlargement of Axillary Lymph Nodes, Dissection of Axillary Lymph Nodes, Variations of Brachial Plexus, ARM AND CUBITAL FOSSA: Bicipital Myotatic Reflex, Biceps Tendinitis, Dislocation of Tendon of Long Head of Biceps Brachii, Rupture of Tendon of Long Head of Biceps Brachii, Interruption of Blood Flow in Brachial Artery, Fracture of Humeral Shaft, Injury to Musculocutaneous Nerve, Injury to Radial Nerve in Arm, Venipuncture in Cubital Fossa, Variation of Veins in Cubital Fossa, Synovial Cyst of Wrist, High Division of Brachial Artery, Superficial Ulnar Artery, Measuring Pulse Rate, Variations in Origin of Radial Artery, Median Nerve Injury, Pronator Syndrome, Laceration of Palmar Arches, Lesions of Median Nerve: CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME, TRAUMA TO MEDIAN NERVE. 5. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 715-721; 689-693; 724, 726 – 728; 732, 736 – 737; 738, 741-744; 757-761, 763, 767 – 768 , 779-782, 790; Week 10 - Lecture 9 1. Vasculature of pelvis,2. Vasculature of gluteal region 2. Vasculature of back 3. Clinical problems: URINARY ORGANS AND RECTUM: Iatrogenic Compromise of Ureteric Blood Supply, Ureteric Calculi, Cystocele— Hernia of Bladder, Suprapubic Cystotomy, Starvation and Rectal Prolapse, Pectinate Line—a Clinically Important Landmark, Anal Fissures; Ischio-anal and Peri-anal Abscesses, Hemorrhoids, Anorectal Incontinence.MUSCLES OF BACK: Back Strains, Sprains, and Spasms, Reduced Blood Supply to the Brainstem. 5. Pages:Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 349 – 357, 361, 363, 364, 366 -367, 371, 373, 377, 384, 389, 400 – 402, 410-413; 416, 417, 422, 423, 431; 472, 473 ,493,495,496, 501- 504; Week 11 - Lecture 10 1. Vasculature of gluteal region, 2. Vasculature of thigh, 3. Vasculature of leg and foot 4. Clinical problems: FASCIA, VEINS, LYMPHATICS,AND CUTANEOUS NERVES OF LOWER LIMB: Compartment Syndromes and Fasciotomy, Varicose Veins, Thrombosis,and Thrombophlebitis, Saphenous Vein Grafts, Saphenous Cutdown and Saphenous Nerve Injury, Enlarged Inguinal Lymph Nodes, Regional Nerve Blocks of Lower Limbs, Abnormalities of Sensory Function.Groin Pull, Injury to Adductor Longus, Palpation, Compression, and Cannulation of Femoral Artery, Laceration of Femoral Artery, Potentially Lethal Misnomer, Saphenous Varix, Location of Femoral Vein, Cannulation of Femoral Vein, Femoral Hernias, Replaced or Accessory Obturator Artery.Accessory Soleus, Posterior Tibial Pulse, Anesthetic Block of Superficial Fibular Nerve, Plantar Reflex, Medial Plantar Nerve Entrapment, Palpation of Dorsalis Pedis Pulse, Hemorrhaging Wounds of Sole of Foot, Lymphadenopathy. 5. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 532 - 536 ; 540, 541; 552,553 ; 554- 556 ; 560- 562 ; 575-578 ; 586- 587 ; 594; 602-603 ; 608 ; 616-617; 619-622 ; 625; 632; 632; 644Week 12 - Lecture 11 Development of cardiovascular system (1): 1. Fetal and neonatal circulation (p.p. 325-331) 2. Fate of fetal vascular Structures (p.p.325-331) 3. Development of heart and great vessels (p.p.284-306) 4. Clinical problems: PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS, ANOMALIES OF VENAE CAVAE,ANOMALOUS PULMONARY VENOUS, FETAL CARDIAC ULTRASONOGRAPHY. 5. Pages: The developing human, Clinically oriented embryology, Keith L. Moore, 10th edition p.: 325-331; 284 – 306; CONNECTIONS Week 13 - Lecture 12 Development of cardiovascular system (2) 1. Developmental anomalies of heart and great vessels (p.p.301- 315) 2. Development of veins (p.p. 287) 3. Development of arteries (p.p. 288)   4. Derivatives of Pharyngeal Arch Arteries (p.p.317 – 325) 5. Clinical problems: DEXTROCARDIA, ECTOPIA CORDIS, ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS, VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS, PERSISTENT TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS, TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT ARTERIES, AORTICOPULMONARY SEPTAL DEFECTS, UNEQUAL DIVISION OF THE TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS, TETRALOGY OF FALLOT,AORTIC STENOSIS AND AORTIC ATRESIA, HYPOPLASTIC LEFT HEART SYNDROME, COARCTATION OF AORTA,DOUBLE PHARYNGEAL ARCH ARTERY, RIGHT ARCH OF AORTA, ANOMALOUS RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY. 6. Pages: The developing human, clinically oriented embryology, Keith L. Moore, 10th edition p.: 307-325. THE GREAT ARTERIES Week 14 - Lecture 13 Respiratory system part 11. Nasal cavities 2. Paranasal sinuses   3. Clinical problems: THE NOSE: Nasal Fractures, Deviation of Nasal Septum, Rhinitis, Epistaxis, Sinusitis, Infection of Ethmoidal Cells, Infection of Maxillary Sinuses, Relationship of Teeth TO MAXILLARY SINUS, Transillumination of Sinuses, Thyroidectomy, Injury to Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves, Inadvertent Removal OF PARATHYROID GLAND, Fractures of Laryngeal Skeleton,Laryngoscopy, Valsalva Maneuver, Aspiration of Foreign Bodies and Heimlich Maneuver, Tracheostomy, Injury to Laryngeal Nerves, Foreign Bodies in Laryngopharynx, Sinus Tract from Piriform Fossa, Tonsillectomy, Esophageal Injuries, Tracheo- Esophageal Fistula, Esophageal Cancer, Zones of Penetrating Neck Trauma. 4. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 955- 965; Week 15 - Lecture 14 Respiratory system, part 2 1. Larynx, trachea   2. Lymphatic drainage of head and neck 3. Injury to Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves 4. Clinical problems :Thyroidectomy, Injury to Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves, Inadvertent Removal of Parathyroid Glands, Fractures of Laryngeal Skeleton, Laryngoscopy, Valsalva Maneuver, Aspiration of Foreign Bodies and Heimlich Maneuver, Tracheostomy, Injury to Laryngeal Nerves, Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block, Cancer of Larynx, Age Changes in Larynx, Foreign Bodies in Laryngopharynx, Sinus Tract from Piriform Fossa, Tonsillectomy, Esophageal Injuries, Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula, Esophageal Cancer, Zones of Penetrating Neck Trauma 5. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 1021-1032; 1039; 1043; 1044-1047; 1049; Week 16 - Lecture 15                  Respiratory system part 31. Pleurae 2. Lungs 3. Tracheobronchial Tree 4. Clinical problems: PLEURAE, LUNGS, AND TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE: Injuries of Cervical Pleura and Apex of Lung, Injury to Other Parts of Pleurae, Pulmonary Collapse, Pneumothorax, Hydrothorax, and Hemothorax, Thoracentesis, Insertion of a Chest Tube, Pleurectomy and Pleurodesis, Thoracoscopy, Pleuritis (Pleurisy), Variations in Lobes of Lung, Appearance of Lungs and Inhalation of Carbon Particles and Irritants,Auscultation of Lungs and Percussion of Thorax, Aspiration of Foreign Bodies, Bronchoscopy, Lung Resections, Segmental Atelectasis, Pulmonary Embolism, Lymphatic Drainage and Pleural Adhesion, Hemoptysis, Bronchogenic Carcinoma, Lung Cancer and Mediastinal Nerves, Pleural Pain, Chest X-ray. 5. Pages: Moore, clinically oriented anatomy, 7th edition, K.L. Moore, A.F. Dalley, A.M.R. Agur; pg.: 108-127. You need to provide me with the 80 final exam levels, uh, for semester two MBBS student, uh, MCQ 80 questions. It should be very-- from easy, medium, and hard mix level of questions, and the answer should be provided under the question only, and check for the errors. Do not give wrong answers, okay? And give mixed questions, okay?