from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import mm
from reportlab.platypus import (
    SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table, TableStyle,
    HRFlowable, KeepTogether
)
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY
from reportlab.platypus import PageBreak

# ── Colour palette (matches original) ──────────────────────────────────────
NAVY   = colors.HexColor('#1a2a4a')
GOLD   = colors.HexColor('#c8a030')
WHITE  = colors.white
CREAM  = colors.HexColor('#fffde7')
LGRAY  = colors.HexColor('#f5f5f5')
DKBLUE = colors.HexColor('#1a2a4a')
RED    = colors.HexColor('#c0392b')
GREEN  = colors.HexColor('#1a7a3a')
PURPLE = colors.HexColor('#6a1a7a')
TEAL   = colors.HexColor('#1a6a7a')

OUTPUT = "/home/daytona/workspace/kcet-2026-set2/KCET_2026_Set2_Important_Questions.pdf"

# ── Question data ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
QUESTIONS = {
    "PHYSICS": {
        "Class 11 – Rotational Motion & Properties of Matter": [
            {
                "q": "A solid sphere of mass M and radius R rolls without slipping down an inclined plane. Its acceleration is:",
                "opts": ["(5/7)g sinθ", "(2/3)g sinθ", "(5/7)g", "(2/7)g sinθ"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "For rolling without slipping: a = g sinθ / (1 + I/MR²). For solid sphere I = 2/5 MR² → a = g sinθ / (1 + 2/5) = (5/7)g sinθ."
            },
            {
                "q": "The moment of inertia of a thin uniform rod of mass M and length L about an axis through one end and perpendicular to its length is:",
                "opts": ["ML²/12", "ML²/3", "ML²/6", "2ML²/3"],
                "ans": "B",
                "hint": "Using parallel axis theorem: I = ML²/12 + M(L/2)² = ML²/12 + ML²/4 = ML²/3."
            },
            {
                "q": "Surface tension of a liquid is 0.072 N/m. The excess pressure inside a soap bubble of radius 1 cm is:",
                "opts": ["14.4 Pa", "28.8 Pa", "7.2 Pa", "57.6 Pa"],
                "ans": "B",
                "hint": "Soap bubble has two surfaces: ΔP = 4T/r = 4 × 0.072 / 0.01 = 28.8 Pa."
            },
            {
                "q": "A body executing SHM has amplitude A and angular frequency ω. Its maximum kinetic energy is:",
                "opts": ["½mω²A²", "mω²A²", "¼mω²A²", "2mω²A²"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "KE_max = ½mω²A² (at mean position where PE = 0 and all energy is kinetic)."
            },
        ],
        "Class 11 – Thermal Properties, Kinetic Theory & Waves": [
            {
                "q": "The rms speed of gas molecules at temperature T is v. At temperature 4T, the rms speed becomes:",
                "opts": ["2v", "4v", "v/2", "√2 v"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "v_rms ∝ √T → v' = v√(4T/T) = 2v."
            },
            {
                "q": "For an ideal gas undergoing isothermal process, which of the following is true?",
                "opts": ["ΔU = 0, Q = W", "ΔU = Q, W = 0", "Q = 0, ΔU = –W", "W = –Q, ΔU = Q"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Isothermal: ΔT = 0 → ΔU = 0 (ideal gas). First law: Q = ΔU + W = W."
            },
            {
                "q": "The frequency of the third overtone of a closed organ pipe of length L (speed of sound = v) is:",
                "opts": ["7v/4L", "3v/4L", "5v/4L", "v/4L"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Closed pipe: fn = (2n–1)v/4L. 3rd overtone → n=4 → f = 7v/4L."
            },
            {
                "q": "Beats are produced when two tuning forks of frequencies 256 Hz and 260 Hz are sounded together. The beat frequency is:",
                "opts": ["4 Hz", "258 Hz", "516 Hz", "2 Hz"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Beat frequency = |f₁ – f₂| = |256 – 260| = 4 Hz."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Electrostatics & Capacitors": [
            {
                "q": "Electric field inside a uniformly charged spherical shell at any interior point is:",
                "opts": ["Zero", "kQ/r²", "kQ/R²", "Non-uniform"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "By Gauss's law, charge enclosed inside a spherical shell = 0 → E = 0 inside."
            },
            {
                "q": "Two point charges +q and –q are placed at distance d. The electric potential at the mid-point is:",
                "opts": ["Zero", "2kq/d", "kq/d", "4kq/d"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "V = kq/(d/2) + k(–q)/(d/2) = 0. Potential is scalar; they cancel."
            },
            {
                "q": "Energy stored in a capacitor C charged to voltage V is doubled when the voltage is increased to:",
                "opts": ["V√2", "2V", "4V", "V/√2"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "U = ½CV². For U' = 2U: ½CV'² = 2 × ½CV² → V' = V√2."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Electromagnetic Induction, AC & Optics": [
            {
                "q": "In a transformer, primary has 500 turns and secondary has 50 turns. If primary voltage is 220 V, secondary voltage is:",
                "opts": ["22 V", "2200 V", "44 V", "110 V"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Vs/Vp = Ns/Np → Vs = 220 × 50/500 = 22 V (step-down transformer)."
            },
            {
                "q": "At resonance in a series LCR circuit, impedance equals:",
                "opts": ["R", "√(R²+X²)", "Zero", "XL + XC"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "At resonance XL = XC → Z = √(R² + (XL–XC)²) = R."
            },
            {
                "q": "A convex lens of focal length 20 cm forms a real image at 60 cm from the lens. The object distance is:",
                "opts": ["30 cm", "40 cm", "15 cm", "24 cm"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "1/v – 1/u = 1/f → 1/60 – 1/u = 1/20 → 1/u = 1/60 – 1/20 = –2/60 → u = –30 cm."
            },
            {
                "q": "Critical angle for total internal reflection in glass (n = 1.5) is:",
                "opts": ["41.8°", "30°", "45°", "60°"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "sin C = 1/n = 1/1.5 = 2/3 → C = sin⁻¹(2/3) ≈ 41.8°."
            },
            {
                "q": "de Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated through potential V volts is proportional to:",
                "opts": ["1/√V", "√V", "V", "1/V"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "λ = h/mv; KE = eV = ½mv² → mv = √(2meV) → λ = h/√(2meV) ∝ 1/√V."
            },
        ],
    },
    "CHEMISTRY": {
        "Class 11 – States of Matter & Atomic Structure": [
            {
                "q": "Which quantum number determines the shape of an orbital?",
                "opts": ["Azimuthal quantum number (l)", "Principal quantum number (n)", "Magnetic quantum number (m)", "Spin quantum number (s)"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Azimuthal (angular momentum) quantum number l determines the shape: l=0 (s), l=1 (p), l=2 (d), l=3 (f)."
            },
            {
                "q": "The van der Waals equation for real gas is (P + a/V²)(V – b) = RT. The term a/V² corrects for:",
                "opts": ["Intermolecular attractions", "Finite volume of molecules", "Temperature effects", "Pressure effects"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "a/V² is the internal pressure correction accounting for intermolecular attractive forces between gas molecules."
            },
            {
                "q": "Ionisation enthalpy of elements generally increases across a period because:",
                "opts": ["Nuclear charge increases with constant shielding", "Atomic radius increases", "Electron affinity decreases", "Electronegativity decreases"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Across a period, nuclear charge (Z) increases while shielding stays roughly constant → effective nuclear charge increases → IE increases."
            },
            {
                "q": "The hybridisation of carbon in CO₂ is:",
                "opts": ["sp", "sp²", "sp³", "sp³d"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "CO₂: O=C=O. Carbon forms two double bonds (two sigma + two pi). Linear geometry → sp hybridisation."
            },
        ],
        "Class 11 – Chemical Equilibrium & Ionic Equilibrium": [
            {
                "q": "pH of a 0.001 M HCl solution is:",
                "opts": ["3", "1", "11", "–3"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "HCl is a strong acid: [H⁺] = 0.001 = 10⁻³ M → pH = –log(10⁻³) = 3."
            },
            {
                "q": "Le Chatelier's principle: For the reaction N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃ (ΔH = –92 kJ), increasing temperature will:",
                "opts": ["Shift equilibrium to left", "Shift equilibrium to right", "No change", "Increase Kc"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Exothermic reaction: increasing T shifts equilibrium left (to absorb heat), decreasing NH₃ yield."
            },
            {
                "q": "Buffer solution resists change in pH because it contains:",
                "opts": ["Weak acid and its conjugate base", "Strong acid and strong base", "Two strong acids", "Neutral salt only"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Buffer = weak acid + conjugate base (or weak base + conjugate acid). They neutralise added acid/base."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – p-block, d-block & Surface Chemistry": [
            {
                "q": "Bleaching powder is a mixture of:",
                "opts": ["Ca(OCl)Cl and Ca(OH)₂", "CaCl₂ and Ca(OH)₂", "NaOCl and NaCl", "Ca(OCl)₂ only"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Bleaching powder is CaOCl₂ (calcium hypochlorite chloride) mixed with Ca(OH)₂ from the manufacturing process."
            },
            {
                "q": "Which of the following is an example of an emulsion?",
                "opts": ["Milk", "Fog", "Smoke", "Foam"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Milk is an emulsion (liquid dispersed in liquid – fat droplets in water). Fog = liquid in gas. Smoke = solid in gas."
            },
            {
                "q": "The oxidation state of Mn in KMnO₄ is:",
                "opts": ["+7", "+4", "+6", "+2"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "K(+1) + Mn(x) + 4O(–2) = 0 → x = +7."
            },
            {
                "q": "The process of adsorption of gases on solids is always:",
                "opts": ["Exothermic", "Endothermic", "Isothermal", "Adiabatic"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Adsorption results in decrease of surface energy → energy is released → always exothermic (ΔH < 0)."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Organic Chemistry (Aldehydes, Ketones & Amines)": [
            {
                "q": "Which reagent is used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones?",
                "opts": ["Tollens' reagent", "Lucas reagent", "Fehling solution only", "Both A and C"],
                "ans": "D",
                "hint": "Both Tollens' (ammoniacal AgNO₃) and Fehling's solution distinguish aldehydes (positive) from ketones (negative)."
            },
            {
                "q": "The product of reaction of aniline with acetic anhydride is:",
                "opts": ["Acetanilide", "Nitrobenzene", "Phenol", "Benzamide"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Aniline (C₆H₅NH₂) + (CH₃CO)₂O → C₆H₅NHCOCH₃ (acetanilide) + CH₃COOH. This is acetylation."
            },
            {
                "q": "Markovnikov's rule states that in addition to HX across a double bond, H adds to the carbon with:",
                "opts": ["More hydrogen atoms", "Fewer hydrogen atoms", "Negative charge", "Higher atomic mass"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Markovnikov's rule: H adds to the carbon bearing more hydrogens (less substituted C), X adds to more substituted C."
            },
        ],
    },
    "MATHEMATICS": {
        "Class 11 – Permutations, Combinations & Probability": [
            {
                "q": "The number of ways to arrange the letters of the word MATHEMATICS is:",
                "opts": ["4989600", "10!", "11!/2!", "40320"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "MATHEMATICS: 11 letters, M×2, A×2, T×2 → 11!/(2!×2!×2!) = 39916800/8 = 4989600."
            },
            {
                "q": "In how many ways can a committee of 3 men and 2 women be formed from 6 men and 5 women?",
                "opts": ["200", "150", "100", "120"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "C(6,3) × C(5,2) = 20 × 10 = 200."
            },
            {
                "q": "A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that it is a face card is:",
                "opts": ["3/13", "1/13", "4/13", "1/4"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Face cards = 12 (4 J + 4 Q + 4 K). P = 12/52 = 3/13."
            },
        ],
        "Class 11 – Straight Lines & Conic Sections": [
            {
                "q": "The angle between the lines y = √3x + 1 and y = –√3x + 2 is:",
                "opts": ["120°", "60°", "30°", "90°"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "m₁ = √3, m₂ = –√3. tan θ = |(m₁–m₂)/(1+m₁m₂)| = |2√3/(1–3)| = |2√3/(–2)| = √3 → θ = 60° or 120°. Obtuse angle = 120°."
            },
            {
                "q": "The length of the latus rectum of the parabola y² = 12x is:",
                "opts": ["12", "6", "3", "4"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "y² = 4ax → 4a = 12 → a = 3. Latus rectum = 4a = 12."
            },
            {
                "q": "The equation of a circle with centre (2, –3) and radius 5 is:",
                "opts": ["(x–2)² + (y+3)² = 25", "(x+2)² + (y–3)² = 25", "(x–2)² + (y–3)² = 25", "(x+2)² + (y+3)² = 25"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Circle: (x–h)² + (y–k)² = r² with h=2, k=–3, r=5 → (x–2)² + (y+3)² = 25."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Relations, Functions & Inverse Trig": [
            {
                "q": "The range of f(x) = sin⁻¹x is:",
                "opts": ["[–π/2, π/2]", "[0, π]", "(–π/2, π/2)", "[–1, 1]"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "The principal value branch of sin⁻¹x is defined as [–π/2, π/2] (closed interval, including endpoints)."
            },
            {
                "q": "The value of sin⁻¹(sin 7π/6) is:",
                "opts": ["–π/6", "7π/6", "π/6", "5π/6"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "sin(7π/6) = –1/2. sin⁻¹(–1/2) = –π/6 (principal value in [–π/2, π/2])."
            },
            {
                "q": "If f(x) = x² and g(x) = √x, then f∘g(x) is:",
                "opts": ["x", "x²", "√x", "x⁴"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "f∘g(x) = f(g(x)) = f(√x) = (√x)² = x (for x ≥ 0)."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Calculus: Continuity, Differentiation & Application": [
            {
                "q": "The derivative of log(sin x) with respect to x is:",
                "opts": ["cot x", "tan x", "cosec x", "–cot x"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "d/dx[log(sin x)] = (1/sin x)·cos x = cos x/sin x = cot x."
            },
            {
                "q": "For the function f(x) = x³ – 3x, the local maximum value is:",
                "opts": ["2", "–2", "0", "3"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "f'(x) = 3x² – 3 = 0 → x = ±1. f''(x) = 6x. At x=–1: f''(–1) = –6 < 0 (local max). f(–1) = –1+3 = 2."
            },
            {
                "q": "∫ sin²x dx equals:",
                "opts": ["x/2 – sin2x/4 + C", "–cos x + C", "sin 2x/2 + C", "x – sin x + C"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "sin²x = (1–cos2x)/2. ∫sin²x dx = ∫(1–cos2x)/2 dx = x/2 – sin2x/4 + C."
            },
            {
                "q": "The value of ∫₀^(π/2) sin x dx is:",
                "opts": ["1", "0", "2", "π/2"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "∫₀^(π/2) sin x dx = [–cos x]₀^(π/2) = –cos(π/2) + cos(0) = 0 + 1 = 1."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Linear Programming & Differential Equations": [
            {
                "q": "The order and degree of the differential equation (d²y/dx²)³ + (dy/dx)² = sin x are:",
                "opts": ["Order 2, Degree 3", "Order 2, Degree 2", "Order 3, Degree 2", "Order 1, Degree 3"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Highest derivative = d²y/dx² → order = 2. Power of highest derivative = 3 → degree = 3."
            },
            {
                "q": "In a Linear Programming Problem, the feasible region is always:",
                "opts": ["A convex polygon", "A concave region", "Unbounded", "A circle"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "The feasible region (intersection of half-planes with non-negativity constraints) is always a convex set (convex polygon)."
            },
        ],
    },
    "BIOLOGY": {
        "Class 11 – Morphology, Anatomy & Structural Organisation": [
            {
                "q": "The outermost layer of a dicot stem is:",
                "opts": ["Epidermis", "Endodermis", "Pericycle", "Cortex"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "The outermost layer of any stem (monocot or dicot) is the epidermis, a single layer of cells with cuticle."
            },
            {
                "q": "Companion cells in phloem are closely associated with:",
                "opts": ["Sieve tube elements", "Tracheids", "Vessel elements", "Parenchyma"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Companion cells have dense cytoplasm and are connected to sieve tube elements via plasmodesmata; they control sieve tube activity."
            },
            {
                "q": "The tap root system is characteristic of:",
                "opts": ["Dicots", "Monocots", "Pteridophytes", "Bryophytes"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Dicots have tap root system (primary root with lateral branches). Monocots have fibrous root system."
            },
        ],
        "Class 11 – Respiration & Excretory Products": [
            {
                "q": "The net ATP gain in glycolysis (per glucose molecule) is:",
                "opts": ["2 ATP", "38 ATP", "8 ATP", "4 ATP"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Glycolysis: 4 ATP produced – 2 ATP consumed = 2 net ATP (plus 2 NADH). Complete aerobic respiration gives 36–38 ATP."
            },
            {
                "q": "The Krebs cycle takes place in:",
                "opts": ["Mitochondrial matrix", "Inner mitochondrial membrane", "Cytoplasm", "Nucleus"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Krebs (citric acid) cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. Electron transport chain is on the inner mitochondrial membrane."
            },
            {
                "q": "Ammonotelic organisms excrete nitrogenous waste primarily as:",
                "opts": ["Ammonia", "Urea", "Uric acid", "Creatinine"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Ammonotelic: bony fishes, aquatic invertebrates. Ureotelic: mammals. Uricotelic: reptiles, birds, insects."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Molecular Biology & Biotechnology": [
            {
                "q": "The Central Dogma of molecular biology was proposed by:",
                "opts": ["Francis Crick", "James Watson", "Erwin Chargaff", "Rosalind Franklin"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Francis Crick (1958) proposed Central Dogma: DNA → RNA → Protein (information flows in one direction)."
            },
            {
                "q": "Okazaki fragments are formed during DNA replication on the:",
                "opts": ["Lagging strand", "Leading strand", "Both strands", "RNA primer only"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "DNA polymerase works 5'→3'. Lagging strand is synthesised discontinuously in short Okazaki fragments."
            },
            {
                "q": "Ti plasmid used in plant genetic engineering comes from:",
                "opts": ["Agrobacterium tumefaciens", "Bacillus thuringiensis", "E. coli", "Rhizobium"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Ti (tumour-inducing) plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a vector to introduce foreign genes into plants."
            },
            {
                "q": "ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is based on the principle of:",
                "opts": ["Antigen-antibody interaction", "PCR amplification", "Gel electrophoresis", "Southern blotting"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "ELISA detects antigens or antibodies using enzyme-linked antibodies. Positive result = colour change from enzyme substrate."
            },
        ],
        "Class 12 – Organisms & Population, Biodiversity & Conservation": [
            {
                "q": "The logistic growth model is represented by dN/dt = rN[(K–N)/K]. Here K represents:",
                "opts": ["Carrying capacity", "Initial population", "Growth rate", "Death rate"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "K = carrying capacity (maximum population the environment can sustainably support). At N=K, growth stops."
            },
            {
                "q": "In situ conservation of biodiversity includes:",
                "opts": ["National parks and wildlife sanctuaries", "Zoological parks", "Botanical gardens", "Seed banks"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "In situ = conservation in natural habitat. National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves are in situ methods."
            },
            {
                "q": "Lichens are a symbiotic association between:",
                "opts": ["Algae and fungi", "Bacteria and fungi", "Algae and bacteria", "Moss and fungi"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Lichens = mutualistic association of algae (photobiont) and fungi (mycobiont). Algae provide food, fungi provide water/minerals."
            },
            {
                "q": "Which type of interaction benefits one organism while the other is neither harmed nor benefited?",
                "opts": ["Commensalism", "Mutualism", "Parasitism", "Amensalism"],
                "ans": "A",
                "hint": "Commensalism (+/0): one organism benefits, the other is unaffected. E.g. barnacles on whale."
            },
        ],
    },
}

# ── PDF builder ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def build_pdf():
    doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
        OUTPUT,
        pagesize=A4,
        leftMargin=20*mm, rightMargin=20*mm,
        topMargin=18*mm, bottomMargin=18*mm,
    )

    styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

    # Define custom styles
    title_style = ParagraphStyle('Title', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=26,
                                  textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)
    subtitle_style = ParagraphStyle('Subtitle', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=13,
                                     textColor=GOLD, alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)
    info_style = ParagraphStyle('Info', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10,
                                 textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=2)
    subject_style = ParagraphStyle('Subject', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=16,
                                    textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER)
    section_style = ParagraphStyle('Section', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=11,
                                    textColor=NAVY)
    q_style = ParagraphStyle('Q', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10,
                               textColor=colors.black, leading=14, spaceAfter=3)
    opt_style = ParagraphStyle('Opt', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10,
                                textColor=colors.black, leading=13, leftIndent=10)
    ans_style = ParagraphStyle('Ans', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=10,
                                textColor=GREEN, spaceAfter=1)
    hint_style = ParagraphStyle('Hint', fontName='Helvetica-Oblique', fontSize=9,
                                 textColor=colors.HexColor('#444444'), leading=12,
                                 leftIndent=8, spaceAfter=6)
    tip_key_style = ParagraphStyle('TipKey', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=10,
                                    textColor=WHITE)
    tip_val_style = ParagraphStyle('TipVal', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10,
                                    textColor=colors.black)

    SUBJECT_COLORS = {
        "PHYSICS": colors.HexColor('#1a2a4a'),
        "CHEMISTRY": colors.HexColor('#4a1a2a'),
        "MATHEMATICS": colors.HexColor('#1a4a2a'),
        "BIOLOGY": colors.HexColor('#2a3a1a'),
    }
    SECTION_BG = colors.HexColor('#e8eef8')

    story = []

    # ── Cover page ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
    # Title box
    cover_data = [[Paragraph("■ KCET 2026", title_style)],
                  [Paragraph("Important Model Questions", ParagraphStyle('T2',
                              fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=22, textColor=WHITE,
                              alignment=TA_CENTER))],
                  [Spacer(1, 6*mm)],
                  [Paragraph("Physics • Chemistry • Mathematics • Biology", subtitle_style)],
                  [Spacer(1, 3*mm)],
                  [Paragraph("Class 11 &amp; Class 12 | Difficult &amp; High-Weightage Topics", subtitle_style)],
                  [Spacer(1, 8*mm)],
                  [Paragraph("70 Fresh Model Questions — Set 2 — with Answers &amp; Hints", info_style)],
                  [Spacer(1, 3*mm)],
                  [Paragraph("Based on KCET Trend Analysis 2018–2024", info_style)],
                  ]
    cover_table = Table(cover_data, colWidths=[170*mm])
    cover_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), NAVY),
        ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 1, GOLD),
        ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
        ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
        ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ('RIGHTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ]))
    story.append(cover_table)
    story.append(Spacer(1, 8*mm))

    # Info table
    info_rows = [
        ["■ Subjects", "Physics, Chemistry, Maths, Biology"],
        ["■ Classes", "Class 11 &amp; Class 12"],
        ["■ Questions", "70 Model Questions – Set 2"],
        ["■ Format", "MCQ with Answer &amp; Hint"],
        ["■ Purpose", "KCET 2026 Final Preparation"],
    ]
    info_table_data = [[Paragraph(r[0], ParagraphStyle('ik', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=10, textColor=NAVY)),
                         Paragraph(r[1], ParagraphStyle('iv', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10))]
                        for r in info_rows]
    info_t = Table(info_table_data, colWidths=[55*mm, 115*mm])
    info_t.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, colors.HexColor('#cccccc')),
        ('INNERGRID', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.3, colors.HexColor('#dddddd')),
        ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 6),
        ('ROWBACKGROUNDS', (0,0), (-1,-1), [colors.white, LGRAY]),
    ]))
    story.append(info_t)
    story.append(Spacer(1, 6*mm))

    # How to use box
    how_data = [[Paragraph("■ HOW TO USE THIS MATERIAL",
                            ParagraphStyle('hw', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=10, textColor=NAVY))]]
    how_t = Table(how_data, colWidths=[170*mm])
    how_t.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), GOLD),
        ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
        ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ]))
    story.append(how_t)
    bullets = [
        "• Attempt each question before checking the answer",
        "• Read the hint to understand the concept, not just the answer",
        "• Mark questions you get wrong for revision",
        "• Focus on chapters with highest KCET weightage",
    ]
    bull_data = [[Paragraph(b, ParagraphStyle('bl', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10, leading=16))]
                  for b in bullets]
    bull_t = Table(bull_data, colWidths=[170*mm])
    bull_t.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), CREAM),
        ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, GOLD),
        ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 3),
        ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 10),
    ]))
    story.append(bull_t)
    story.append(PageBreak())

    # ── Questions ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
    q_num = 1
    SUBJECT_ORDER = ["PHYSICS", "CHEMISTRY", "MATHEMATICS", "BIOLOGY"]

    for subject in SUBJECT_ORDER:
        sections = QUESTIONS[subject]
        subj_color = SUBJECT_COLORS[subject]

        # Subject header
        subj_data = [[Paragraph(f"■ {subject}", subject_style)]]
        subj_t = Table(subj_data, colWidths=[170*mm])
        subj_t.setStyle(TableStyle([
            ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), subj_color),
            ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
            ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
            ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ]))
        story.append(subj_t)
        story.append(Spacer(1, 3*mm))

        for section_title, qs in sections.items():
            # Section header
            sec_data = [[Paragraph(f"■ {section_title}", section_style)]]
            sec_t = Table(sec_data, colWidths=[170*mm])
            sec_t.setStyle(TableStyle([
                ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), SECTION_BG),
                ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
                ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 5),
                ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
                ('LINEBELOW', (0,0), (-1,-1), 1, NAVY),
            ]))
            story.append(sec_t)
            story.append(Spacer(1, 2*mm))

            for qdata in qs:
                elements = []
                # Question text
                elements.append(Paragraph(f"{q_num}. {qdata['q']}", q_style))
                # Options
                opt_labels = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
                for i, opt in enumerate(qdata['opts']):
                    elements.append(Paragraph(f"{opt_labels[i]}) {opt}", opt_style))
                # Answer
                elements.append(Spacer(1, 1*mm))
                elements.append(Paragraph(f"✔ Answer: ({qdata['ans']})", ans_style))
                # Hint
                elements.append(Paragraph(f"■ Hint: {qdata['hint']}", hint_style))
                # Divider
                elements.append(HRFlowable(width="100%", thickness=0.5,
                                           color=colors.HexColor('#dddddd'), spaceAfter=4))
                story.append(KeepTogether(elements))
                q_num += 1

        story.append(Spacer(1, 4*mm))

    # ── Quick Revision Tips page ─────────────────────────────────────────────
    story.append(PageBreak())
    tips_title_data = [[Paragraph("■ QUICK REVISION TIPS FOR KCET 2026",
                                   ParagraphStyle('tt', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=14,
                                                   textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER))]]
    tips_t = Table(tips_title_data, colWidths=[170*mm])
    tips_t.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (-1,-1), NAVY),
        ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 1, GOLD),
    ]))
    story.append(tips_t)
    story.append(Spacer(1, 4*mm))

    tips = [
        ("PHYSICS",      colors.HexColor('#1a2a4a'),
         "Rotational Motion and Optics are high-weightage. Master the formulas for rolling motion, moment of inertia, and lenses. Numerical practice is key."),
        ("CHEMISTRY",    colors.HexColor('#c0392b'),
         "Equilibrium, Electrochemistry and Organic Reactions (Markovnikov, Hoffmann, aldol) are must-revise. Balance all redox reactions carefully."),
        ("MATHEMATICS",  colors.HexColor('#27ae60'),
         "Calculus (integration by parts, area between curves) and Differential Equations score high. Revise all standard integration formulas and their applications."),
        ("BIOLOGY",      colors.HexColor('#8e44ad'),
         "Molecular Biology (DNA replication, transcription, translation) and Ecology (population models, biodiversity) are frequent. Learn all NCERT diagrams."),
    ]
    for subj, col, text in tips:
        row_data = [[Paragraph(subj, ParagraphStyle('tk', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=10, textColor=WHITE)),
                     Paragraph(text, ParagraphStyle('tv', fontName='Helvetica', fontSize=10, leading=14))]]
        t = Table(row_data, colWidths=[35*mm, 135*mm])
        t.setStyle(TableStyle([
            ('BACKGROUND', (0,0), (0,0), col),
            ('BACKGROUND', (1,0), (1,0), colors.white),
            ('BOX', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, colors.HexColor('#cccccc')),
            ('INNERGRID', (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.3, colors.HexColor('#eeeeee')),
            ('TOPPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
            ('BOTTOMPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
            ('LEFTPADDING', (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
            ('VALIGN', (0,0), (-1,-1), 'MIDDLE'),
        ]))
        story.append(t)
        story.append(Spacer(1, 2*mm))

    story.append(Spacer(1, 8*mm))
    story.append(Paragraph(
        "<b>Best of luck for KCET 2026! ■ Study smart, revise well, and believe in yourself.</b>",
        ParagraphStyle('bl2', fontName='Helvetica-Bold', fontSize=11,
                        textColor=NAVY, alignment=TA_CENTER)
    ))

    # ── Page template with header/footer ───────────────────────────────────
    def header_footer(canvas, doc):
        canvas.saveState()
        W, H = A4
        # Header
        canvas.setFillColor(NAVY)
        canvas.rect(0, H - 14*mm, W, 14*mm, fill=1, stroke=0)
        canvas.setFillColor(WHITE)
        canvas.setFont('Helvetica-Bold', 9)
        canvas.drawString(18*mm, H - 9*mm, "KCET 2026 – Important Model Questions  (Set 2)")
        canvas.setFont('Helvetica', 8)
        canvas.drawRightString(W - 18*mm, H - 9*mm, "Physics | Chemistry | Mathematics | Biology")
        # Footer
        canvas.setFillColor(NAVY)
        canvas.rect(0, 0, W, 10*mm, fill=1, stroke=0)
        canvas.setFillColor(GOLD)
        canvas.setFont('Helvetica', 8)
        canvas.drawCentredString(W/2, 3.5*mm,
            f"Page {doc.page}  |  For Karnataka CET 2026 Preparation  |  All Rights Reserved")
        canvas.restoreState()

    doc.build(story, onFirstPage=header_footer, onLaterPages=header_footer)
    print(f"PDF created: {OUTPUT}")

build_pdf()