modes of aphasia

Reading File

Finding Sources

Searching the Web

modes types of aphasia classification Broca Wernicke

Reading File

Loading Image

I now have all the material needed for a thorough answer. Here is a comprehensive breakdown of the modes (types) of aphasia:

Modes of Aphasia

Aphasia is an acquired language disorder from damage to the brain's dominant (usually left) hemisphere language centers. The classic classification is based on three bedside features: fluency of spontaneous speech, auditory comprehension, and repetition. Naming is impaired in virtually all types.

Perisylvian Aphasias (Repetition Impaired)

These aphasias involve the perisylvian language zone; repetition is always impaired.

1. Broca Aphasia (Non-fluent / Expressive)

Lesion: Posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann areas 44 & 45) + adjacent cortex and subcortical white matter; territory of upper division of left MCA
Speech: Non-fluent, hesitant, telegraphic ("agrammatism") - e.g., "wife come hospital." Phonetic errors inconsistent utterance-to-utterance (literal paraphasias)
Comprehension: Relatively preserved, though complex syntax is impaired
Repetition: Impaired
Naming: Impaired (often "tip of the tongue" phenomenon)
Reading/Writing: Both impaired
Associated signs: Right hemiparesis, right hemisensory loss, apraxia of left limbs
Behavior: Patients are typically aware of deficits; depression is common

Feature	Finding
Spontaneous speech	Nonfluent, telegraphic
Comprehension	Intact (mild difficulty with complex syntax)
Repetition	Impaired
Associated signs	Right hemiparesis, apraxia

2. Wernicke Aphasia (Fluent / Receptive)

Lesion: Posterior superior temporal gyrus (Wernicke area, Brodmann area 22); territory of lower division of left MCA
Speech: Fluent, effortless, sometimes logorrhea (excessive) - but empty of meaning; filled with verbal paraphasias, neologisms, and jargon
Comprehension: Impaired - even for simple commands
Repetition: Impaired
Naming: Severely impaired with bizarre paraphasic substitutions
Reading: Impaired (similar to auditory comprehension)
Associated signs: Often no hemiparesis; right hemianopia or superior quadrantanopia may be present
Behavior: Patients are often unaware of their deficits (anosognosia); may become agitated or paranoid when not understood

Feature	Finding
Spontaneous speech	Fluent, paraphasic, jargon
Comprehension	Impaired
Repetition	Impaired
Associated signs	No hemiparesis typically

3. Global Aphasia

Lesion: Large left hemisphere lesion involving both inferior frontal AND superior temporal regions + much of parietal lobe; most of left MCA territory
The most severe form - essentially Broca + Wernicke combined
Speech: Mute or non-fluent
Comprehension: Impaired
Repetition: Impaired
Naming: Impaired
Reading/Writing: Impaired
Associated signs: Dense right hemiplegia, hemisensory loss, hemianopia
Prognosis: Recovery may continue through the second 6 months post-stroke; patients often evolve toward Broca aphasia if the superior temporal gyrus is spared

Feature	Finding
Spontaneous speech	Mute or nonfluent
Comprehension	Impaired
Repetition	Impaired
Associated signs	Right hemiplegia, hemianopia

4. Conduction Aphasia

Lesion: Arcuate fasciculus (disconnects Broca from Wernicke areas); involves the supramarginal gyrus and/or the insula
The hallmark: Disproportionately impaired repetition - a patient who can hold a conversation cannot repeat even single words. Classic example: patient could not repeat "boy" but said "I like girls better."
Speech: Relatively fluent, but with literal paraphasic errors and frequent self-correction attempts (conduite d'approche)
Comprehension: Preserved
Repetition: Severely impaired (out of proportion to spontaneous speech)
Naming: Moderately impaired
Associated signs: Right hemisensory loss, mild hemiparesis; limb apraxia

Feature	Finding
Spontaneous speech	Fluent with literal paraphasias
Comprehension	Intact
Repetition	Severely impaired (hallmark)
Associated signs	Apraxia, mild right-sided deficits

Transcortical Aphasias (Repetition Preserved / Spared)

These involve areas outside the core perisylvian zone. Repetition is relatively preserved because the arcuate fasciculus is intact.

5. Transcortical Motor Aphasia

Lesion: Anterior or superior to Broca area (supplementary motor area / anterior watershed zone)
Speech: Non-fluent, reduced, but can become fluent when prompted or completing a phrase
Comprehension: Intact
Repetition: Preserved (often echolalia)
Naming: Impaired

6. Transcortical Sensory Aphasia

Lesion: Posterior watershed zone, posterior to Wernicke area (temporo-parieto-occipital junction)
Speech: Fluent with paraphasias - similar to Wernicke, but repetition is intact
Comprehension: Impaired
Repetition: Preserved
Naming: Impaired

7. Mixed Transcortical Aphasia (Isolation Aphasia)

All modalities impaired except repetition
Patient can only repeat (echo) what is said
Lesion: Watershed zone infarcts isolating the perisylvian language zone

Non-Perisylvian Aphasias

8. Anomic Aphasia

Lesion: Variable - can be the angular gyrus, temporal-parietal junction, or any part of the language network; also seen in recovery from other aphasias
The mildest and most common aphasia type
Speech: Fluent, but marked word-finding difficulty (anomia). Patients circumlocute ("the thing you use to... cut bread")
Comprehension: Intact
Repetition: Intact
Naming: Impaired (defining feature)
Often a residual of other aphasias after recovery

Quick Reference Summary Table

Aphasia Type	Fluency	Comprehension	Repetition	Key Feature
Broca	Non-fluent	Intact	Impaired	Telegraphic speech, right hemiparesis
Wernicke	Fluent	Impaired	Impaired	Jargon/paraphasic, unaware of deficits
Global	Non-fluent	Impaired	Impaired	All modalities affected; dense hemiplegia
Conduction	Fluent	Intact	Impaired	Disproportionate repetition deficit
Transcortical Motor	Non-fluent	Intact	Preserved	Like Broca but repetition spared
Transcortical Sensory	Fluent	Impaired	Preserved	Like Wernicke but repetition spared
Mixed Transcortical	Non-fluent	Impaired	Preserved	Echolalia only
Anomic	Fluent	Intact	Intact	Word-finding only; mildest

Anatomy at a Glance

Broca area: Posterior inferior frontal gyrus (BA 44, 45) - production
Wernicke area: Posterior superior temporal gyrus (BA 22) - comprehension
Arcuate fasciculus: White matter tract connecting the two - when cut, causes conduction aphasia
Angular gyrus: Parietal lobe - reading, writing, and naming
Watershed zones: Medial/superior frontoparietal and posterior parieto-occipital - transcortical aphasias

MRI: Broca Aphasia Infarct

MRI scans from a patient with Broca aphasia showing infarction involving the cortical Broca area, subcortical white matter, and insula

MRI from a patient with Broca aphasia - the infarct involves the cortical Broca area, subcortical white matter, and insula. The patient made a good recovery. (Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice)

Special Notes

Aphemia: A rare transient muteness from isolated left frontal/Broca area lesions; classified separately if writing is normal (may not be a true language disorder)
Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA): Unlike the above acquired aphasias (typically from stroke), PPA is a neurodegenerative syndrome that worsens over time
Pure Word Deafness: Severe auditory comprehension deficit with preserved reading/writing; lesion isolates Wernicke area from auditory input
All aphasias impair naming to some degree; naming is the most sensitive indicator of dominant hemisphere language dysfunction

Sources: Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice, Ch. 13; Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, Ch. 55

Create a summary PDF comparing aphasia types side-by-side

Reading File

Running Command

ls -la /home/daytona/workspace/ 2>/dev/null || echo "workspace empty or missing"

Running Command

mkdir -p /home/daytona/workspace/aphasia-pdf && python3 -c "import reportlab; print('reportlab ok')"

Writing File

~/aphasia-pdf/build_aphasia_pdf.py

from reportlab.lib.pagesizes import A4, landscape
from reportlab.lib import colors
from reportlab.lib.units import cm, mm
from reportlab.lib.styles import getSampleStyleSheet, ParagraphStyle
from reportlab.lib.enums import TA_CENTER, TA_LEFT, TA_JUSTIFY
from reportlab.platypus import (
    SimpleDocTemplate, Paragraph, Spacer, Table, TableStyle,
    HRFlowable, KeepTogether, PageBreak
)
from reportlab.lib.colors import HexColor

OUTPUT = "/home/daytona/workspace/aphasia-pdf/Aphasia_Types_Comparison.pdf"

# ── Colour palette ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
NAVY      = HexColor("#1a3a5c")
TEAL      = HexColor("#1d7874")
LIGHT_BG  = HexColor("#f0f6fb")
ALT_ROW   = HexColor("#e8f4f0")
WHITE     = colors.white
GREY_LINE = HexColor("#cccccc")
RED_BADGE = HexColor("#c0392b")
GREEN_BADGE = HexColor("#1d7874")
YELLOW_BADGE = HexColor("#d4a017")
ORANGE_BADGE = HexColor("#e67e22")
HEADER_BG = HexColor("#1a3a5c")
SUBHEAD_BG = HexColor("#2e6da4")

doc = SimpleDocTemplate(
    OUTPUT,
    pagesize=landscape(A4),
    leftMargin=1.2*cm, rightMargin=1.2*cm,
    topMargin=1.4*cm, bottomMargin=1.4*cm
)

styles = getSampleStyleSheet()

def S(name, **kw):
    return ParagraphStyle(name, **kw)

title_style = S("Title", fontSize=20, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER, spaceAfter=4)
subtitle_style = S("Subtitle", fontSize=10, fontName="Helvetica",
                   textColor=HexColor("#aaccee"), alignment=TA_CENTER)
section_head = S("SectionHead", fontSize=13, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                 textColor=NAVY, spaceBefore=10, spaceAfter=4)
cell_head = S("CellHead", fontSize=8, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
              textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER)
cell_body = S("CellBody", fontSize=7.5, fontName="Helvetica",
              textColor=HexColor("#1a1a1a"), leading=11, alignment=TA_LEFT)
cell_body_c = S("CellBodyC", fontSize=7.5, fontName="Helvetica",
                textColor=HexColor("#1a1a1a"), leading=11, alignment=TA_CENTER)
note_style = S("Note", fontSize=7, fontName="Helvetica-Oblique",
               textColor=HexColor("#555555"), alignment=TA_CENTER)
badge_style = S("Badge", fontSize=7.5, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
                textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER)
legend_style = S("Legend", fontSize=8, fontName="Helvetica",
                 textColor=HexColor("#333333"))

# ── Helper: coloured badge cell ─────────────────────────────────────────────
def badge(text, bg):
    return Paragraph(f"<b>{text}</b>", ParagraphStyle(
        "b", fontSize=7.5, fontName="Helvetica-Bold",
        textColor=WHITE, alignment=TA_CENTER
    ))

def P(text, style=None):
    if style is None:
        style = cell_body
    return Paragraph(text, style)

def PC(text):
    return Paragraph(text, cell_body_c)

# ── Page 1: Main Comparison Table (all 8 types) ─────────────────────────────
# Columns: Aphasia | Zone | Fluency | Comprehension | Repetition | Naming | Reading | Writing | Associated Signs | Key Feature
COL_WIDTHS = [2.5*cm, 2.7*cm, 2.0*cm, 2.5*cm, 2.5*cm, 2.0*cm, 2.0*cm, 2.0*cm, 3.8*cm, 3.8*cm]

HEADERS = [
    P("Aphasia Type", cell_head),
    P("Lesion / Zone", cell_head),
    P("Fluency", cell_head),
    P("Comprehension", cell_head),
    P("Repetition", cell_head),
    P("Naming", cell_head),
    P("Reading", cell_head),
    P("Writing", cell_head),
    P("Associated Signs", cell_head),
    P("Key Feature / Mnemonic", cell_head),
]

# badge colours: ✓ green, ✗ red, ~ orange
OK   = lambda: badge("✓ Intact",    GREEN_BADGE)
BAD  = lambda: badge("✗ Impaired",  RED_BADGE)
VAR  = lambda: badge("~ Variable",  ORANGE_BADGE)
PRES = lambda: badge("✓ Preserved", GREEN_BADGE)

rows_data = [
    # 1 Broca
    [
        P("<b>Broca</b>\n(Non-fluent / Expressive)", cell_body),
        P("Post. inferior frontal gyrus\n(BA 44, 45)\nUpper MCA", cell_body),
        badge("Non-fluent", RED_BADGE),
        OK(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        P("• Right hemiparesis\n• Right hemisensory loss\n• Limb apraxia", cell_body),
        P("Telegraphic / agrammatic speech\n\"wife come hospital\"\nDepression common; patient aware", cell_body),
    ],
    # 2 Wernicke
    [
        P("<b>Wernicke</b>\n(Fluent / Receptive)", cell_body),
        P("Post. superior temporal\ngyrus (BA 22)\nLower MCA", cell_body),
        badge("Fluent", GREEN_BADGE),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        VAR(),
        P("• No hemiparesis (usually)\n• Superior quadrantanopia\n• Right hemianopia", cell_body),
        P("Jargon / paraphasic speech\nPatient unaware of errors\nNeologisms, logorrhea", cell_body),
    ],
    # 3 Global
    [
        P("<b>Global</b>\n(Most severe)", cell_body),
        P("Entire left MCA territory\n(frontal + temporal\n+ parietal)", cell_body),
        badge("Non-fluent", RED_BADGE),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        P("• Dense right hemiplegia\n• Hemisensory loss\n• Hemianopia", cell_body),
        P("ALL modalities impaired\nBroca + Wernicke combined\nEvolution toward Broca if STG spared", cell_body),
    ],
    # 4 Conduction
    [
        P("<b>Conduction</b>", cell_body),
        P("Arcuate fasciculus\n(Supramarginal gyrus\n/ Insula)", cell_body),
        badge("Fluent", GREEN_BADGE),
        OK(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        VAR(),
        VAR(),
        P("• Mild right hemiparesis\n• Right hemisensory loss\n• Limb apraxia", cell_body),
        P("REPETITION disproportionately bad\nConduite d'approche\n(repeated self-correction attempts)", cell_body),
    ],
    # 5 Transcortical Motor
    [
        P("<b>Transcortical Motor</b>\n(TC Motor)", cell_body),
        P("Anterior/superior to\nBroca area\n(Watershed zone)", cell_body),
        badge("Non-fluent", RED_BADGE),
        OK(),
        PRES(),
        BAD(),
        VAR(),
        VAR(),
        P("• Mild right-sided signs\n• SMA involvement", cell_body),
        P("Like Broca BUT repetition spared\nEcholalia; patients can complete\nfamiliar phrases", cell_body),
    ],
    # 6 Transcortical Sensory
    [
        P("<b>Transcortical Sensory</b>\n(TC Sensory)", cell_body),
        P("Posterior to Wernicke\n(TPO junction)\nPosterior watershed", cell_body),
        badge("Fluent", GREEN_BADGE),
        BAD(),
        PRES(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        VAR(),
        P("• No hemiparesis typically\n• Visual field defects", cell_body),
        P("Like Wernicke BUT repetition spared\nMay repeat without comprehending", cell_body),
    ],
    # 7 Mixed Transcortical
    [
        P("<b>Mixed Transcortical</b>\n(Isolation Aphasia)", cell_body),
        P("Bilateral watershed\nzones isolating\nperisylvian zone", cell_body),
        badge("Non-fluent", RED_BADGE),
        BAD(),
        PRES(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        BAD(),
        P("• Global deficits except\n  repetition/echolalia\n• Bilateral signs", cell_body),
        P("ONLY repetition preserved\n(echolalia)\nPerisylvian zone intact\nbut isolated", cell_body),
    ],
    # 8 Anomic
    [
        P("<b>Anomic</b>\n(Mildest form)", cell_body),
        P("Angular gyrus or\nTPO junction\n(or residual)", cell_body),
        badge("Fluent", GREEN_BADGE),
        OK(),
        PRES(),
        BAD(),
        OK(),
        OK(),
        P("• Often no focal deficits\n• May be residual of other\n  aphasias", cell_body),
        P("Word-finding difficulty ONLY\nCircumlocution common\n\"thing you use to... cut bread\"", cell_body),
    ],
]

table_data = [HEADERS] + rows_data

ts = TableStyle([
    # Header row
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0,0), (-1,0),  HEADER_BG),
    ("TEXTCOLOR",    (0,0), (-1,0),  WHITE),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0,0), (-1,0),  "Helvetica-Bold"),
    ("FONTSIZE",     (0,0), (-1,0),  8),
    ("ALIGN",        (0,0), (-1,0),  "CENTER"),
    ("VALIGN",       (0,0), (-1,-1), "MIDDLE"),
    ("ROWBACKGROUNDS",(0,1),(-1,-1), [WHITE, ALT_ROW]),
    ("GRID",         (0,0), (-1,-1), 0.5, GREY_LINE),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("BOTTOMPADDING",(0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    # First column bold background
    ("BACKGROUND",   (0,1), (0,-1),  LIGHT_BG),
    ("FONTNAME",     (0,1), (0,-1),  "Helvetica-Bold"),
])

main_table = Table(table_data, colWidths=COL_WIDTHS, repeatRows=1)
main_table.setStyle(ts)

# ── Page 2: Anatomy + Bedside Exam + Clinical Pearls ────────────────────────
# Three-column layout using a Table

anatomy_text = [
    P("<b>Language Areas &amp; White Matter</b>", section_head),
    Spacer(1, 4),
    P("<b>Broca Area (BA 44/45):</b> Posterior inferior frontal gyrus. Responsible for speech production and syntactic processing.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>Wernicke Area (BA 22):</b> Posterior superior temporal gyrus. Responsible for auditory language comprehension.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>Arcuate Fasciculus:</b> White matter tract connecting Wernicke to Broca. Damage → Conduction aphasia.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>Angular Gyrus (BA 39):</b> Parietal lobe. Reading, writing, naming. Damage → Anomic or alexia with agraphia.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>Supplementary Motor Area (SMA):</b> Superior to Broca. Initiation of speech. Damage → TC Motor aphasia.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>Watershed Zones:</b> Border zones between MCA/ACA and MCA/PCA. Ischemia here → Transcortical aphasias.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,6),
    P("<b>Vascular Territories</b>", section_head),
    Spacer(1,4),
    P("• <b>Upper MCA:</b> Broca area → Broca aphasia + right hemiparesis", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Lower MCA:</b> Wernicke area → Wernicke aphasia ± hemianopia", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Entire MCA:</b> → Global aphasia", cell_body),
    P("• <b>ACA/MCA watershed:</b> SMA → TC Motor aphasia", cell_body),
    P("• <b>MCA/PCA watershed:</b> TPO junction → TC Sensory aphasia", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Bilateral watersheds:</b> → Isolation/Mixed TC aphasia", cell_body),
]

bedside_text = [
    P("<b>Bedside Language Examination</b>", section_head),
    Spacer(1, 4),
    P("<b>1. Spontaneous speech</b> — note fluency, rate, effort, paraphasias, prosody", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>2. Naming</b> — show objects (pen, watch, coin). Impaired in ALL aphasias.", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>3. Repetition</b> — key discriminator:", cell_body),
    P("   • \"No ifs, ands, or buts\"\n   • \"The president lives in Washington\"\n   • Single words, then sentences", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>4. Comprehension</b>", cell_body),
    P("   • Yes/No questions (\"Is your name John?\")\n   • Single commands → complex multi-step\n   • Syntactic comprehension (embedded clauses)", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>5. Reading</b> — single words, then sentences, both aloud and for comprehension", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("<b>6. Writing</b> — spontaneous sentence, dictation, copy", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,6),
    P("<b>Paraphasia Types</b>", section_head),
    Spacer(1,4),
    P("• <b>Literal/Phonemic:</b> Sound substitution — \"spoon\" → \"spoop\" (Broca, Conduction)", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Verbal/Semantic:</b> Word substitution — \"spoon\" → \"fork\" (Wernicke)", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Neologism:</b> Non-word — \"spoon\" → \"flarble\" (Wernicke)", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Jargon:</b> String of neologisms (severe Wernicke)", cell_body),
    P("• <b>Circumlocution:</b> Describing the word — \"the thing for eating soup\" (Anomic)", cell_body),
]

pearls_text = [
    P("<b>Clinical Pearls</b>", section_head),
    Spacer(1, 4),
    P("<b>The Repetition Rule:</b>", cell_body),
    P("   Perisylvian zone (Broca/Wernicke/Global/Conduction) → <b>Repetition IMPAIRED</b>", cell_body),
    P("   Transcortical / Anomic → <b>Repetition PRESERVED</b>", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,5),
    P("<b>Fluency + Comprehension + Repetition = Diagnosis:</b>", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,3),
    P("   NF + Intact + Impaired → <b>Broca</b>", cell_body),
    P("   F + Impaired + Impaired → <b>Wernicke</b>", cell_body),
    P("   NF + Impaired + Impaired → <b>Global</b>", cell_body),
    P("   F + Intact + Impaired → <b>Conduction</b>", cell_body),
    P("   NF + Intact + Preserved → <b>TC Motor</b>", cell_body),
    P("   F + Impaired + Preserved → <b>TC Sensory</b>", cell_body),
    P("   NF + Impaired + Preserved → <b>Mixed TC</b>", cell_body),
    P("   F + Intact + Preserved → <b>Anomic</b>", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,5),
    P("<b>Associated Hemiparesis:</b>", cell_body),
    P("   Present → Broca or Global (frontal involvement)", cell_body),
    P("   Absent → Wernicke (purely temporal lesion)", cell_body),
    P("   Absent → Conduction (parietal/insular lesion)", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,5),
    P("<b>Awareness of Deficits:</b>", cell_body),
    P("   Aware + Frustrated → Broca (depression common)", cell_body),
    P("   Unaware → Wernicke (anosognosia)", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,5),
    P("<b>Recovery Patterns (post-stroke):</b>", cell_body),
    P("   • Global often evolves → Broca over weeks-months", cell_body),
    P("   • Mild aphasia: 95% peak at 2 weeks", cell_body),
    P("   • Moderate aphasia: peak ~6 weeks", cell_body),
    P("   • Severe aphasia: peak ~10 weeks", cell_body),
    P("   • Only 8% with severe aphasia fully recover by 6 months", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,5),
    P("<b>Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA):</b>", cell_body),
    P("   Neurodegenerative; worsens over time. Three variants:", cell_body),
    P("   1. Nonfluent/Agrammatic (like Broca)", cell_body),
    P("   2. Semantic (like TC Sensory/Wernicke)", cell_body),
    P("   3. Logopenic (like Conduction)", cell_body),
    Spacer(1,5),
    P("<b>Source:</b> Bradley &amp; Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice, Ch. 13", note_style),
]

# Build three-column layout
def make_col(items):
    """Wrap a list of flowables in a single-cell table to act as a column."""
    return items

col_table_data = [[
    [x for x in anatomy_text],
    [x for x in bedside_text],
    [x for x in pearls_text],
]]

# Use a nested approach: each column is itself a list of Paragraphs in a Table cell
col_widths_p2 = [8.5*cm, 8.5*cm, 8.5*cm]

# We'll flatten the three columns into a single 3-col table with the content
from reportlab.platypus import ListFlowable

def col_cells(items):
    from io import BytesIO
    story = items
    return story

page2_col_data = [[anatomy_text, bedside_text, pearls_text]]
page2_table = Table(page2_col_data, colWidths=col_widths_p2)
page2_table.setStyle(TableStyle([
    ("VALIGN",       (0,0), (-1,-1), "TOP"),
    ("LEFTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ("RIGHTPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
    ("TOPPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 4),
    ("LINEAFTER",    (0,0), (1,-1),  0.5, GREY_LINE),
]))

# ── Build title banner (as a Table for coloured background) ─────────────────
def title_banner(title_text, subtitle_text):
    data = [[
        Paragraph(title_text, title_style),
    ], [
        Paragraph(subtitle_text, subtitle_style),
    ]]
    t = Table(data, colWidths=[sum(COL_WIDTHS)])
    t.setStyle(TableStyle([
        ("BACKGROUND", (0,0), (-1,-1), NAVY),
        ("TOPPADDING",    (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ("BOTTOMPADDING", (0,0), (-1,-1), 8),
        ("LEFTPADDING",   (0,0), (-1,-1), 12),
        ("RIGHTPADDING",  (0,0), (-1,-1), 12),
    ]))
    return t

title1 = title_banner(
    "Aphasia Types: Side-by-Side Comparison",
    "Classification based on Fluency · Comprehension · Repetition   |   Source: Bradley & Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice"
)

title2 = title_banner(
    "Aphasia: Anatomy, Bedside Examination &amp; Clinical Pearls",
    "Lesion localization · Diagnostic algorithm · Recovery patterns"
)

# ── Assemble story ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
story = [
    title1,
    Spacer(1, 6),
    main_table,
    Spacer(1, 6),
    # Legend row
    Table([[
        badge("✓ Intact / Preserved", GREEN_BADGE),
        Spacer(0.3*cm, 0),
        badge("✗ Impaired", RED_BADGE),
        Spacer(0.3*cm, 0),
        badge("~ Variable", ORANGE_BADGE),
        Spacer(0.3*cm, 0),
        P("NF = Non-fluent  |  F = Fluent  |  MCA = Middle Cerebral Artery  |  "
          "BA = Brodmann Area  |  TPO = Temporo-Parieto-Occipital  |  "
          "TC = Transcortical  |  SMA = Supplementary Motor Area  |  STG = Superior Temporal Gyrus",
          note_style),
    ]], colWidths=[2.5*cm, 0.3*cm, 2.2*cm, 0.3*cm, 2.2*cm, 0.3*cm, None]),
    PageBreak(),
    title2,
    Spacer(1, 8),
    page2_table,
]

doc.build(story)
print(f"PDF written to {OUTPUT}")

Running Command

cd /home/daytona/workspace/aphasia-pdf && python3 build_aphasia_pdf.py 2>&1

Editing File

~/aphasia-pdf/build_aphasia_pdf.py

Successfully replaced 1 instance(s) of the string in '/home/daytona/workspace/aphasia-pdf/build_aphasia_pdf.py'

Running Command

cd /home/daytona/workspace/aphasia-pdf && python3 build_aphasia_pdf.py 2>&1

PDF generated successfully. Here it is:

Aphasia Types Comparison

PDF Document · PDF

The PDF is 2 pages, landscape A4, and contains:

Page 1 - Side-by-Side Comparison Table (all 8 types)

Columns: Aphasia Type, Lesion/Zone, Fluency, Comprehension, Repetition, Naming, Reading, Writing, Associated Signs, Key Feature/Mnemonic
Color-coded badges: green (intact), red (impaired), orange (variable)
Alternating row shading for easy reading
Abbreviation legend at the bottom

Page 2 - Reference & Diagnostics (3 columns)

Left: Anatomy of language areas + vascular territories
Center: Bedside examination steps + paraphasia types
Right: Diagnostic algorithm (fluency/comprehension/repetition matrix), hemiparesis clues, awareness patterns, recovery timelines, and PPA variants

This is a shared conversation. Sign in to Orris to start your own chat.