from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Inches, Pt, Emu
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN, MSO_ANCHOR
from pptx.util import Inches, Pt
from io import BytesIO

# Color palette
DARK_BLUE   = RGBColor(0x0D, 0x3B, 0x6E)   # deep navy
MED_BLUE    = RGBColor(0x1A, 0x73, 0xC8)   # accent blue
LIGHT_BLUE  = RGBColor(0xD6, 0xE8, 0xFF)   # light bg tint
WHITE       = RGBColor(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF)
DARK_GRAY   = RGBColor(0x33, 0x33, 0x33)
ACCENT_GREEN= RGBColor(0x00, 0x96, 0x68)
ACCENT_ORG  = RGBColor(0xE8, 0x7D, 0x0D)

prs = Presentation()
prs.slide_width  = Inches(13.333)
prs.slide_height = Inches(7.5)
blank = prs.slide_layouts[6]  # fully blank

def add_rect(slide, x, y, w, h, fill_color, line_color=None):
    shape = slide.shapes.add_shape(1, Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    shape.fill.solid()
    shape.fill.fore_color.rgb = fill_color
    if line_color:
        shape.line.color.rgb = line_color
        shape.line.width = Pt(1)
    else:
        shape.line.fill.background()
    return shape

def add_text(slide, text, x, y, w, h, font_size=18, bold=False, color=DARK_GRAY,
             align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT, wrap=True, italic=False):
    tb = slide.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h))
    tf = tb.text_frame
    tf.word_wrap = wrap
    tf.margin_left = 0; tf.margin_right = 0
    tf.margin_top = 0;  tf.margin_bottom = 0
    p = tf.paragraphs[0]
    p.alignment = align
    run = p.add_run()
    run.text = text
    run.font.size = Pt(font_size)
    run.font.bold = bold
    run.font.italic = italic
    run.font.color.rgb = color
    run.font.name = "Calibri"
    return tf

def add_bullet_slide(slide, title, bullets, bullet_color=MED_BLUE):
    """Helper: header bar + title + bullet list."""
    # Header bar
    add_rect(slide, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
    add_text(slide, title, 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
             font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT)
    # Content area
    add_rect(slide, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)
    # Bullet items
    y_start = 1.35
    for i, (icon, line) in enumerate(bullets):
        # colored circle / icon box
        add_rect(slide, 0.35, y_start + i*0.75 - 0.02, 0.32, 0.42, bullet_color)
        add_text(slide, icon, 0.35, y_start + i*0.75 - 0.02, 0.32, 0.42,
                 font_size=14, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
        add_text(slide, line, 0.80, y_start + i*0.75, 12.1, 0.6,
                 font_size=17, color=DARK_GRAY)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 1 — Title
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, DARK_BLUE)
add_rect(s, 0, 2.8, 13.333, 0.06, MED_BLUE)   # separator line

add_text(s, "INTRODUCTION TO", 1.5, 1.0, 10.5, 1.0,
         font_size=26, bold=False, color=LIGHT_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)
add_text(s, "MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY", 0.5, 1.8, 12.3, 1.2,
         font_size=44, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_text(s, "Undergraduate Course — MBBS / BSc Microbiology", 1.5, 3.1, 10.5, 0.6,
         font_size=20, color=LIGHT_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_text(s, "Based on: Medical Microbiology 9e (Murray et al.)", 1.5, 4.0, 10.5, 0.5,
         font_size=15, color=RGBColor(0xAA,0xCC,0xFF), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)

add_rect(s, 5.5, 5.5, 2.3, 0.06, ACCENT_GREEN)
add_text(s, "Department of Microbiology", 1.5, 5.7, 10.5, 0.5,
         font_size=15, color=RGBColor(0xCC,0xDD,0xFF), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 2 — Learning Objectives
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_bullet_slide(s, "Learning Objectives", [
    ("1", "Define microbiology and explain its scope in medicine"),
    ("2", "Describe the major groups of microorganisms"),
    ("3", "Outline the historical milestones in microbiology"),
    ("4", "Explain the germ theory of disease"),
    ("5", "Understand the concept of the human microbiome"),
    ("6", "Appreciate the role of microbes in health and disease"),
], bullet_color=ACCENT_GREEN)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 3 — What is Microbiology?
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "What is Microbiology?", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

# Definition box
add_rect(s, 0.4, 1.25, 12.5, 1.4, MED_BLUE)
add_text(s, '"The study of microorganisms — organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye —\nand their interactions with humans, other living organisms, and the environment."',
         0.55, 1.3, 12.2, 1.3, font_size=16, color=WHITE, italic=True, wrap=True)

items = [
    ("🔬", "Medical Microbiology: focuses on microbes that cause human disease"),
    ("🧬", "Includes Bacteriology, Virology, Mycology, Parasitology & Immunology"),
    ("💊", "Drives development of antibiotics, antifungals, vaccines & diagnostics"),
    ("🌍", "Epidemiology of infectious diseases — local and global health impact"),
]
for i, (icon, text) in enumerate(items):
    add_rect(s, 0.35, 2.85 + i*0.85, 0.5, 0.55, ACCENT_GREEN)
    add_text(s, icon, 0.35, 2.85 + i*0.85, 0.5, 0.55,
             font_size=16, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, text, 1.0, 2.88 + i*0.85, 12.0, 0.6, font_size=16, color=DARK_GRAY)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 4 — Historical Perspective
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Historical Perspective", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

timeline = [
    ("1674", "Anton van Leeuwenhoek", "First observed microorganisms ('animalcules') through microscope"),
    ("1840", "Friedrich Henle", "Proposed criteria (germ theory) — microbes cause human disease"),
    ("1870s–80s", "Koch & Pasteur", "Proved germ theory — anthrax, TB, rabies, cholera, plague"),
    ("1910", "Paul Ehrlich", "First antimicrobial agent (against syphilis spirochete)"),
    ("1928", "Alexander Fleming", "Discovery of Penicillin — the antibiotic era"),
    ("1946", "John Enders", "First cultivation of viruses in cell culture → vaccine development"),
]
colors = [MED_BLUE, ACCENT_GREEN, ACCENT_ORG, MED_BLUE, ACCENT_GREEN, ACCENT_ORG]
for i, (year, name, desc) in enumerate(timeline):
    col = colors[i]
    xb = 0.3
    add_rect(s, xb, 1.2 + i*0.98, 1.2, 0.55, col)
    add_text(s, year, xb, 1.2 + i*0.98, 1.2, 0.55,
             font_size=13, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, name, 1.65, 1.2 + i*0.98, 2.8, 0.55,
             font_size=13, bold=True, color=col)
    add_text(s, desc, 4.6, 1.22 + i*0.98, 8.5, 0.55,
             font_size=13, color=DARK_GRAY)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 5 — Classification of Microorganisms
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Classification of Microorganisms", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

groups = [
    ("Viruses",     MED_BLUE,    "18–600 nm | Non-living particles | Need host cell to replicate\nDNA or RNA genome | Cause: influenza, HIV, hepatitis, COVID-19"),
    ("Bacteria",    ACCENT_GREEN,"Prokaryotes | 0.5–5 µm | Divide by binary fission\nCell wall (peptidoglycan) | Cause: TB, pneumonia, cholera, typhoid"),
    ("Fungi",       ACCENT_ORG,  "Eukaryotes | Yeasts & moulds | Chitin cell wall\nCause: candidiasis, aspergillosis, dermatophytosis"),
    ("Parasites",   RGBColor(0x8E,0x24,0xAA), "Protozoa + helminths | Complex life cycles\nCause: malaria, amoebiasis, filariasis, tapeworm infections"),
    ("Archaea",     RGBColor(0x55,0x77,0x88), "Prokaryotes | Extreme environments | NOT known to cause human disease"),
]
for i, (name, col, desc) in enumerate(groups):
    add_rect(s, 0.25, 1.22 + i*1.05, 2.2, 0.75, col)
    add_text(s, name, 0.25, 1.22 + i*1.05, 2.2, 0.75,
             font_size=16, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, desc, 2.6, 1.22 + i*1.05, 10.5, 0.75,
             font_size=13, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 6 — Germ Theory of Disease
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Germ Theory of Disease", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

# Koch's Postulates box
add_rect(s, 0.3, 1.25, 6.0, 5.8, WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0.3, 1.25, 6.0, 0.6, MED_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Koch's Postulates (1884)", 0.35, 1.25, 5.9, 0.6,
         font_size=16, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
postulates = [
    "1.  The microorganism must be found in ALL cases of the disease",
    "2.  It must be ISOLATED from the diseased host and grown in pure culture",
    "3.  The cultured microbe must CAUSE disease when introduced into a healthy host",
    "4.  The microbe must be RE-ISOLATED from the experimentally diseased host",
]
for i, p in enumerate(postulates):
    add_text(s, p, 0.45, 1.95 + i*1.1, 5.7, 0.9, font_size=14, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# Right panel
add_rect(s, 6.7, 1.25, 6.3, 5.8, WHITE)
add_rect(s, 6.7, 1.25, 6.3, 0.6, ACCENT_GREEN)
add_text(s, "Significance", 6.75, 1.25, 6.2, 0.6,
         font_size=16, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
sig = [
    ("✔", "Established scientific basis for infectious diseases"),
    ("✔", "Led to targeted antimicrobial therapies"),
    ("✔", "Foundation of modern clinical microbiology"),
    ("✔", "Guided development of vaccines & antiseptics"),
    ("⚠", "Limitations: viruses & fastidious organisms don't always fulfil all postulates"),
]
for i, (ic, txt) in enumerate(sig):
    add_rect(s, 6.85, 2.0 + i*0.98, 0.35, 0.45, ACCENT_GREEN if ic=="✔" else ACCENT_ORG)
    add_text(s, ic, 6.85, 2.0 + i*0.98, 0.35, 0.45,
             font_size=13, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, txt, 7.3, 2.02 + i*0.98, 5.5, 0.6, font_size=13, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 7 — Human Microbiome
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "The Human Microbiome", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

# Key facts box
add_rect(s, 0.3, 1.2, 5.8, 5.9, WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0.3, 1.2, 5.8, 0.55, MED_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Key Facts", 0.35, 1.2, 5.7, 0.55,
         font_size=16, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
facts = [
    "Bacterial cells OUTNUMBER human cells 10:1",
    "Bacterial genes exceed human genes by ~300-fold",
    "Human Microbiome Project (2007): analyzed gut, mouth, skin, nose, vagina",
    "Greatest diversity: intestine | Least complex: vagina",
    "Each body site has a UNIQUE microbiome signature",
]
for i, f in enumerate(facts):
    add_rect(s, 0.45, 1.9 + i*0.92, 0.35, 0.4, MED_BLUE)
    add_text(s, "●", 0.45, 1.9 + i*0.92, 0.35, 0.4,
             font_size=14, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, f, 0.95, 1.93 + i*0.92, 4.9, 0.6, font_size=13, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# Right panel: health & disease
add_rect(s, 6.6, 1.2, 6.4, 5.9, WHITE)
add_rect(s, 6.6, 1.2, 6.4, 0.55, ACCENT_GREEN)
add_text(s, "Microbiome: Health vs Disease", 6.65, 1.2, 6.3, 0.55,
         font_size=14, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)

add_rect(s, 6.7, 1.85, 6.2, 0.35, RGBColor(0xE0,0xF5,0xE8))
add_text(s, "NORMAL FLORA — Beneficial Roles", 6.75, 1.87, 6.1, 0.32,
         font_size=13, bold=True, color=ACCENT_GREEN)
ben = ["• Compete with pathogens (colonization resistance)",
       "• Produce vitamins (K, B12, folate)",
       "• Stimulate immune system development",
       "• Aid digestion & nutrient absorption"]
for i, b in enumerate(ben):
    add_text(s, b, 6.75, 2.3 + i*0.52, 6.1, 0.5, font_size=12, color=DARK_GRAY)

add_rect(s, 6.7, 4.55, 6.2, 0.35, RGBColor(0xFF,0xEE,0xDD))
add_text(s, "DYSBIOSIS — When Balance is Lost", 6.75, 4.57, 6.1, 0.32,
         font_size=13, bold=True, color=ACCENT_ORG)
dis = ["• IBD, obesity, diabetes, allergies",
       "• C. difficile colitis after antibiotics",
       "• Vaginal infections (BV)"]
for i, d in enumerate(dis):
    add_text(s, d, 6.75, 5.0 + i*0.52, 6.1, 0.5, font_size=12, color=DARK_GRAY)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 8 — Scope of Medical Microbiology
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Scope of Medical Microbiology", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

branches = [
    ("Bacteriology",   MED_BLUE,   "Study of bacteria — structure, classification, pathogenesis, antibiotic sensitivity"),
    ("Virology",       ACCENT_GREEN,"Study of viruses — replication, host interaction, antiviral therapy"),
    ("Mycology",       ACCENT_ORG, "Study of fungi — pathogenic yeasts & moulds, antifungal agents"),
    ("Parasitology",   RGBColor(0x8E,0x24,0xAA),"Study of protozoa & helminths — life cycles, vectors, drug therapy"),
    ("Immunology",     RGBColor(0x00,0x7A,0x7A),"Host immune response to infection — innate & adaptive immunity"),
    ("Clinical Micro", RGBColor(0xC0,0x39,0x2B),"Lab diagnosis — culture, serology, molecular tests (PCR, NGS)"),
]
for i, (name, col, desc) in enumerate(branches):
    row = i // 2
    c_off = (i % 2) * 6.5
    add_rect(s, 0.3 + c_off, 1.25 + row*1.95, 6.0, 1.7, WHITE)
    add_rect(s, 0.3 + c_off, 1.25 + row*1.95, 6.0, 0.5, col)
    add_text(s, name, 0.35 + c_off, 1.25 + row*1.95, 5.9, 0.5,
             font_size=15, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, desc, 0.45 + c_off, 1.82 + row*1.95, 5.7, 1.0,
             font_size=13, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 9 — Diagnostic Approach
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Diagnostic Approach in Microbiology", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

steps = [
    ("Sample Collection", MED_BLUE,
     "Blood, urine, sputum, CSF, stool, swab\nProper collection → prevents contamination"),
    ("Direct Examination", ACCENT_GREEN,
     "Gram stain, AFB stain, KOH mount\nWet preparation, dark-field microscopy"),
    ("Culture & Isolation", ACCENT_ORG,
     "Blood agar, MacConkey, Sabouraud\nAnaerobic/aerobic conditions; 24–72 hrs"),
    ("Identification", MED_BLUE,
     "Biochemical tests, MALDI-TOF MS\nAntigen detection, serology, PCR"),
    ("Sensitivity Testing", ACCENT_GREEN,
     "Antibiotic sensitivity — Disc diffusion, MIC\nGuides targeted antimicrobial therapy"),
    ("Report & Interpretation", RGBColor(0xC0,0x39,0x2B),
     "Clinician notified; correlation with\nclinical picture & local epidemiology"),
]
arrow_color = MED_BLUE
for i, (title, col, desc) in enumerate(steps):
    row = i // 3
    c_off = (i % 3) * 4.3
    add_rect(s, 0.25 + c_off, 1.25 + row*2.95, 3.9, 2.6, WHITE)
    add_rect(s, 0.25 + c_off, 1.25 + row*2.95, 3.9, 0.55, col)
    add_text(s, f"Step {i+1}: {title}", 0.3 + c_off, 1.25 + row*2.95, 3.8, 0.55,
             font_size=13, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, desc, 0.35 + c_off, 1.88 + row*2.95, 3.7, 1.8,
             font_size=12, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 10 — Summary & Key Takeaways
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 1.1, DARK_BLUE)
add_text(s, "Summary & Key Takeaways", 0.4, 0.18, 12.5, 0.85,
         font_size=26, bold=True, color=WHITE)
add_rect(s, 0, 1.1, 13.333, 6.4, LIGHT_BLUE)

takeaways = [
    (MED_BLUE,    "Microbiology = study of microorganisms; Medical Microbiology focuses on pathogens that affect humans"),
    (ACCENT_GREEN,"5 major groups: Viruses | Bacteria | Fungi | Parasites | Archaea — each with unique biology"),
    (ACCENT_ORG,  "Germ theory (Henle 1840; Koch & Pasteur 1870s–80s) established that specific microbes cause specific diseases"),
    (MED_BLUE,    "Koch's Postulates: the gold standard framework for proving microbial causation of disease"),
    (ACCENT_GREEN,"The human microbiome (10:1 ratio) is vital for health; dysbiosis leads to disease"),
    (ACCENT_ORG,  "Lab diagnosis: collection → direct exam → culture → ID → sensitivity → clinical report"),
]
for i, (col, txt) in enumerate(takeaways):
    add_rect(s, 0.3, 1.28 + i*0.9, 0.45, 0.55, col)
    add_text(s, str(i+1), 0.3, 1.28 + i*0.9, 0.45, 0.55,
             font_size=15, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
    add_text(s, txt, 0.9, 1.31 + i*0.9, 12.1, 0.7, font_size=15, color=DARK_GRAY, wrap=True)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SLIDE 11 — Thank You / Questions
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
s = prs.slides.add_slide(blank)
add_rect(s, 0, 0, 13.333, 7.5, DARK_BLUE)
add_rect(s, 0, 3.1, 13.333, 0.06, MED_BLUE)

add_text(s, "Thank You", 1, 1.2, 11.333, 1.4,
         font_size=54, bold=True, color=WHITE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER)
add_text(s, "Questions & Discussion", 1, 2.4, 11.333, 0.7,
         font_size=24, color=LIGHT_BLUE, align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)
add_text(s, "Reference: Murray PR et al. Medical Microbiology, 9th Edition.\nElsevier, 2021", 
         1, 3.4, 11.333, 1.0,
         font_size=16, color=RGBColor(0xAA,0xCC,0xFF), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)
add_text(s, '"The greatest discoveries in microbiology did not happen\nby accident — they happened to prepared minds."',
         1, 4.7, 11.333, 1.4,
         font_size=18, color=RGBColor(0x88,0xBB,0xFF), align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER, italic=True)

# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
# SAVE
# ─────────────────────────────────────────────
out_path = "/tmp/workspace/microbiology-ppt/Introduction_to_Medical_Microbiology.pptx"
buf = BytesIO()
prs.save(buf)
with open(out_path, "wb") as f:
    f.write(buf.getvalue())
print(f"Saved: {out_path}")
print(f"Slides: {len(prs.slides)}")