Based on the image (MCQs 41–48 with the printed answer key at the bottom), here are the answers with brief explanations:

Q41. Type of nerve lesion in Saturday night palsy — Answer: C. Neuropraxia Saturday night palsy is a radial nerve compression injury (typically from falling asleep with the arm draped over a chair edge, often with alcohol intoxication). It's a conduction block without axonal disruption - classic neuropraxia - so recovery is usually complete within weeks.

Q42. X-ray characteristics of giant cell tumor — Answer: C. Soap bubble appearance GCT (osteoclastoma) classically shows an eccentric, lytic, expansile lesion at the end of long bones with a multiloculated "soap bubble" trabeculated appearance on X-ray.

Q43. Prolonged immobilization can produce all EXCEPT — Answer: D. Gallstones Immobilization causes disuse osteoporosis, joint stiffness/contractures, and hypercalciuria leading to kidney (renal) stones. Gallstones are not a recognized consequence of immobilization.

Q44. Best treatment for flail chest — Answer: C. Positive pressure respiration Internal pneumatic stabilization via positive pressure ventilation (mechanical ventilation, often with PEEP) is the definitive management for flail chest with underlying pulmonary contusion/respiratory failure - it splints the chest wall from the inside.

Q45. Correct description of "pulled elbow" — Answer relates to subluxation of the radial head Pulled elbow (nursemaid's elbow) occurs when a sudden pull on a pronated, extended forearm causes the annular ligament to slip over the radial head, trapping it - a subluxation, not a true dislocation. The pen mark on the page selects "Dislocation of radial head" (C), but strictly the textbook description (Essential Orthopaedics, Maheshwari) is a subluxation of the radial head/annular ligament, so if forced to choose among the listed options, D ("Subluxation of proximal radioulnar joint") is closer to the true pathology than C.

Q46. Basic cause of Volkmann's contracture — Answer: C. Injury to vessels Volkmann's ischemic contracture results from compartment syndrome (commonly after supracondylar fracture) that compromises the vascular supply to the flexor muscles of the forearm, causing ischemic necrosis and subsequent fibrous replacement.

Q47. Position in which finger deformities of Volkmann's contracture correct — Answer: A. Wrist dorsiflexion Dorsiflexing (extending) the wrist relaxes tension on the contracted/fibrosed flexor tendons (tenodesis effect), which allows the flexed fingers to extend and appear "corrected."

Q48. Post-traumatic AVN of scaphoid most common in — Answer (per key): B. Waist of scaphoid The scaphoid's blood supply enters distally and runs retrograde. The waist is the most common fracture site, and because the proximal fragment then depends on flow across the fracture line, AVN most often follows waist fractures. (Note: some sources instead emphasize that proximal pole fragments themselves are at highest individual risk of necrosis once a waist fracture occurs - the printed key here specifies "waist" as the fracture location most associated with AVN, consistent with Tidy's Physiotherapy.)

Questions 42-45 don't have their key values visible in the captured portion of the image (the key jumps from 41 straight to 46), but based on standard orthopaedic references the expected answers are: Q42 - C (Soap bubble appearance), Q43 - D (Gallstones), Q44 - C (Positive pressure respiration), Q45 - closest to subluxation of the radial head.