Medical study notes infographic on Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT). Clean, colorful, easy to understand layout with the following sections clearly organized: 1. TITLE: "Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT)" in large bold text at top 2. Section: LUNG VOLUMES (with a simple lung diagram showing): - TLC = Total Lung Capacity (all air in lungs) - VC = Vital Capacity (max exhale after max inhale) - FRC = Functional Residual Capacity (air after normal exhale) - RV = Residual Volume (air always remaining) - ERV = Expiratory Reserve Volume - IRV = Inspiratory Reserve Volume - TV = Tidal Volume (normal breath) 3. Section: KEY SPIROMETRY VALUES in a colored box: - FVC: Forced Vital Capacity — total air forcefully exhaled - FEV1: Air exhaled in 1st second - FEV1/FVC ratio: Normal >0.70 - PEFR: Peak Expiratory Flow Rate 4. Section: TWO PATTERNS (side-by-side comparison table): OBSTRUCTIVE pattern (e.g. Asthma, COPD): - FEV1: decreased ↓ - FVC: normal or decreased - FEV1/FVC: decreased <0.70 - TLC: increased ↑, RV: increased ↑ RESTRICTIVE pattern (e.g. Fibrosis, Kyphoscoliosis): - FEV1: decreased ↓ - FVC: decreased ↓ - FEV1/FVC: Normal or increased ≥0.70 - TLC: decreased ↓, RV: decreased ↓ 5. Section: DLCO (Diffusing Capacity): - Measures gas transfer efficiency - Decreased in: Emphysema, Pulmonary Fibrosis, Pulmonary Hypertension - Normal/Increased in: Asthma, Polycythemia Use bright colors, icons, arrows, simple diagrams. Medical student-friendly. White background. Professional but easy to read.

Medical study notes infographic Part 2: "PFT Interpretation Algorithm & Clinical Mnemonics". Clean colorful layout for medical students. 1. TITLE: "How to Interpret a PFT — Step by Step" 2. FLOWCHART (top to bottom): Step 1: Is FEV1/FVC ratio LOW? (<0.70) YES → OBSTRUCTIVE → Check bronchodilator response - If reversible → ASTHMA - If irreversible → COPD / Emphysema NO (normal or high) → Is TLC LOW? YES → RESTRICTIVE → Parenchymal? Pleural? Neuromuscular? NO → NORMAL PFT 3. SEVERITY TABLE for Obstructive (FEV1 % Predicted): - Mild: ≥70% - Moderate: 50-69% - Severe: 35-49% - Very Severe: <35% 4. MNEMONIC BOX: "COPD Obstructive = Everything UP except FEV1/FVC" TLC↑ RV↑ FRC↑ | FEV1↓ FVC normal | FEV1/FVC↓ 5. MNEMONIC BOX: "Restrictive = Everything DOWN" TLC↓ RV↓ FVC↓ | FEV1/FVC Normal 6. DLCO QUICK GUIDE: - DLCO Low + Obstruction = Emphysema (not Asthma) - DLCO Low + Restriction = Pulmonary Fibrosis - DLCO Normal + Obstruction = Asthma / Chronic Bronchitis Use arrows, color coding (blue for obstructive, orange for restrictive, green for normal). Simple icons. White background. Student-friendly medical notes style.