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📚 Community Health Nursing - 1 (CHN-1)

BSc Nursing - Important Question Bank (All Units)

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UNIT 1 - Concepts of Community Health and Community Health Nursing (4 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Define community health nursing. Explain the scope, objectives, and principles of community health nursing.
2. Describe the concept of health and disease. Explain the dimensions and determinants of health with examples.
3. Explain the evolution of public health in India. What is the significance of community health nursing in modern health care?

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Define the following: Public Health, Community Health, Community Health Nursing
2. Levels of prevention - with examples (Primordial, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary)
3. Natural history of disease and Leavell & Clark's model
4. Spectrum of disease
5. Iceberg phenomenon of disease

MCQs

1. The term "community health nursing" was first used by - a) Lillian Wald b) Florence Nightingale c) Dorothy Johnson d) Virginia Henderson (Answer: a)
2. Which level of prevention involves immunization? - a) Primordial b) Primary c) Secondary d) Tertiary (Answer: b)
3. The determinants of health according to Lalonde's framework include - a) Biology only b) Environment only c) Human biology, environment, lifestyle, health care organization d) Diet and exercise (Answer: c)

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UNIT 2 - Health Care Planning and Organization of Health Care (8 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Describe the health care delivery system in India at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Explain the role of the community health nurse at each level.
2. Explain Primary Health Care (PHC). Discuss its principles, components, and implementation in India with reference to the Alma-Ata Declaration (1978).
3. Describe National Health Policy in India. What are the major health indicators used to assess the health status of a population?

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Sub-Centre - functions and staffing
2. Primary Health Centre (PHC) - definition, functions, catchment population
3. Community Health Centre (CHC) - concept and role
4. Vital health statistics - meaning and uses
5. Health planning process in India
6. National Health Mission (NHM)
7. Bhore Committee recommendations
8. Mudaliar Committee report

MCQs

1. The Alma-Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care was signed in - a) 1970 b) 1978 c) 1988 d) 2000 (Answer: b)
2. One Sub-Centre serves a population of _______ in plain areas - a) 3,000 b) 5,000 c) 10,000 d) 30,000 (Answer: b)
3. The first Five-Year Plan in India began in - a) 1947 b) 1951 c) 1956 d) 1961 (Answer: b)
4. Which committee recommended the establishment of PHC in India? a) Bhore Committee b) Mudaliar Committee c) Chadha Committee d) Shrivastav Committee (Answer: a)

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UNIT 3 - Environmental Science, Environmental Health, and Sanitation (15 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Explain the sources of water, methods of water purification, and the role of the nurse in promoting safe drinking water in the community.
2. Describe types of environmental pollution (air, water, soil, noise). Discuss the health effects and preventive measures for each.
3. Explain methods of excreta disposal. Discuss the types of latrines and their suitability in rural and urban settings.
4. Define sanitation. Explain the sanitation ladder and the nurse's role in promoting environmental sanitation in the community.

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Chlorination of water - methods and chlorine demand
2. Slow sand filter vs. rapid sand filter
3. Air pollution - sources and health effects
4. Solid waste management - methods
5. Sewage treatment and disposal
6. Fluorosis - causes, effects, prevention
7. Insect vectors and vector control methods
8. Housing and health - criteria for healthy housing
9. Noise pollution - measurement and health effects
10. Total Sanitation Campaign / Swachh Bharat Mission

MCQs

1. Residual chlorine level in treated water should be - a) 0.1 mg/L b) 0.5 mg/L c) 1.0 mg/L d) 2.0 mg/L (Answer: b)
2. The best method to test bacteriological quality of water is - a) Eosin test b) Coliform count c) Turbidity test d) pH testing (Answer: b)
3. ORS composition for diarrhoea contains - a) Only salt b) Only glucose c) Salt, glucose, and water in specific proportions d) Antibiotics (Answer: c)

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UNIT 4 - Nutrition Assessment and Nutrition Education (7 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Describe the nutritional problems prevalent in India. Explain the role of community health nurse in nutritional assessment and education.
2. Define malnutrition. Classify malnutrition and explain protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) - types, signs, and nursing management.

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Balanced diet - concept and food groups
2. ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services) - objectives and services
3. Mid-Day Meal Scheme
4. Anthropometric measurements in nutritional assessment
5. Vitamin A deficiency - effects and prevention
6. Iron Deficiency Anaemia - causes and prevention
7. Iodine deficiency disorders - goitre, cretinism
8. Nutritional rehabilitation centre

MCQs

1. Kwashiorkor is caused by deficiency of - a) Calories b) Protein c) Fat d) Vitamins (Answer: b)
2. Daily protein requirement for an adult Indian male is approximately - a) 30 g b) 40 g c) 60 g d) 80 g (Answer: c)
3. ICDS was launched in India in - a) 1965 b) 1975 c) 1985 d) 1990 (Answer: b)

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UNIT 5 - Communication Management and Health Education (6 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Define health education. Explain its aims, principles, and methods used in community health nursing practice with suitable examples.
2. Describe the communication process. Explain barriers to communication and strategies to overcome them in a community health setting.
3. Explain Behaviour Change Communication (BCC). How is it applied in promoting healthy behaviour in the community?

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. IEC (Information, Education, Communication) - components and uses
2. Health education methods - individual, group, and mass methods
3. Audio-visual aids - types and importance
4. Communication cycle and its components
5. Community mobilization
6. Role of media in health promotion
7. Flip chart as a health education tool

MCQs

1. The most effective method of health education for an individual is - a) Mass media b) Poster c) Face-to-face counselling d) Pamphlets (Answer: c)
2. KAP in health education stands for - a) Knowledge, Attitude, Practice b) Knowledge, Access, Prevention c) Knowledge, Action, Programme d) None of these (Answer: a)

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UNIT 6 - Community Health Nursing Approaches, Concepts, Roles and Responsibilities (7 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Describe the roles and responsibilities of a community health nurse. Explain how she acts as an educator, counsellor, and advocate.
2. Explain the home visit - its purposes, advantages, principles, and steps in conducting a successful home visit.
3. Describe community health nursing process (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation) with an example.

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. ANM (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife) - role and functions
2. ASHA - selection, training, incentives, functions
3. Anganwadi worker - role
4. Community health nursing bag (field bag) and its contents
5. Multipurpose health worker scheme
6. Home visiting bag - contents and care
7. Domiciliary visits - definition and purposes

MCQs

1. ASHA stands for - a) Accredited Social Health Administrator b) Accredited Social Health Activist c) Accredited Sanitation Health Authority d) None (Answer: b)
2. The immediate supervisor of ANM at field level is - a) Medical Officer b) Lady Health Visitor (LHV) c) CHO d) District Health Officer (Answer: b)

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UNIT 7 - Assisting Individuals and Families to Promote and Maintain Health (10 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Define family health. Explain family assessment and the nurse's role in providing family-centred care in the community.
2. Describe the concept of family as a unit of care. Explain the types of family and common family health problems in India.
3. Explain maternal and child health (MCH) services in India. What is the role of community health nurse in MCH?

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. RCH (Reproductive and Child Health) Programme
2. Antenatal care - schedule and components
3. Postnatal care at home
4. Genogram and ecomap
5. Family health nursing process
6. APGAR scoring
7. Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI)
8. Growth monitoring - MUAC, weight-for-age

MCQs

1. Normal gestational age is - a) 36 weeks b) 38 weeks c) 40 weeks d) 42 weeks (Answer: c)
2. The recommended number of ANC visits as per WHO (2016 guidelines) is - a) 4 b) 6 c) 8 d) 10 (Answer: c)

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UNIT 8 - Introduction to Epidemiology (10 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Define epidemiology. Explain the epidemiological triad (host, agent, environment) with examples.
2. Describe the types of epidemiological studies (descriptive, analytical, experimental). Give an example of each.
3. Explain epidemic investigation. What steps does a community health nurse take when an epidemic is suspected in the community?

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Incidence vs. prevalence - with formulae
2. Case fatality rate vs. mortality rate
3. Cohort study - definition, advantages, disadvantages
4. Case-control study
5. Cross-sectional study
6. Surveillance - types and importance
7. Herd immunity - concept
8. Modes of transmission of disease
9. Chain of infection - components
10. Sporadic, endemic, epidemic, pandemic - definitions with examples

MCQs

1. Prevalence = a) New cases/Total population b) Existing cases/Total population c) Deaths/Total cases d) New cases/At-risk population (Answer: b)
2. The "gold standard" of epidemiological study design is - a) Case-control study b) Cohort study c) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) d) Cross-sectional study (Answer: c)
3. A disease affecting a whole continent or world is called - a) Epidemic b) Endemic c) Pandemic d) Sporadic (Answer: c)
4. Incubation period is the period between - a) Exposure and symptom onset b) Symptom onset and death c) Recovery and relapse d) Infection and immunity (Answer: a)

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UNIT 9 - Communicable Diseases and National Health Programmes (15 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Explain the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) in India - vaccines included, schedule, cold chain maintenance, and nurse's role.
2. Describe the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP/NiKshay). Explain DOTS strategy and the nurse's role.
3. Explain National Vector-Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Describe the prevention and control of malaria.
4. Describe National AIDS Control Programme (NACP). Explain prevention of HIV/AIDS and the nurse's role in counselling.

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Cold chain - components and maintenance
2. AEFI (Adverse Events Following Immunization)
3. BCG vaccine - indications, dose, route
4. OPV vs. IPV
5. Dengue - signs, prevention, nursing care
6. Leprosy - classification and MDT (Multi-Drug Therapy)
7. Pulse polio immunization
8. RNTCP - DOTS strategy
9. Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP)
10. Swine flu (H1N1) - prevention and control
11. COVID-19 - public health measures

MCQs

1. BCG vaccine is given at - a) Birth b) 6 weeks c) 3 months d) 1 year (Answer: a)
2. OPV is given by which route? a) Intramuscular b) Subcutaneous c) Oral d) Intradermal (Answer: c)
3. Incubation period of cholera is - a) 1-2 hours b) 2-3 days c) 7-14 days d) 2-4 weeks (Answer: b)
4. The vector for malaria is - a) Culex mosquito b) Aedes mosquito c) Female Anopheles mosquito d) Sandfly (Answer: c)
5. MDT for leprosy (multi-bacillary) is given for - a) 3 months b) 6 months c) 12 months d) 18 months (Answer: c)

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UNIT 10 - Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) and National Health Programmes (15 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Describe the National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS). Explain the nurse's role.
2. Explain the epidemiology, risk factors, and primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the community.
3. Describe National Mental Health Programme (NMHP) and National Programme for Healthcare of the Elderly (NPHCE). What is the role of community health nurse?

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
2. Hypertension - classification and lifestyle modification
3. NPCDCS - objectives and components
4. Cancer screening in community - Pap smear, VIA
5. National Tobacco Control Programme
6. Geriatric health - special needs and nursing care
7. National Mental Health Programme - objectives
8. Rehabilitation in NCDs

MCQs

1. Normal fasting blood glucose level is - a) <70 mg/dL b) 70-100 mg/dL c) 100-125 mg/dL d) >126 mg/dL (Answer: b)
2. The most common modifiable risk factor for CVD is - a) Age b) Hypertension c) Gender d) Family history (Answer: b)
3. VIA in cervical cancer screening stands for - a) Visual Inspection with Acetic acid b) Vaginal Inspection with Acetic acid c) Visual Internal Assessment d) Vaginal Imaging Analysis (Answer: a)

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UNIT 11 - School Health Services (3 Hrs)

Long Essay Questions (10 Marks)

1. Explain school health services. Describe the components of school health programme and the role of school health nurse.

Short Notes (5 Marks)

1. Health appraisal in schools - components
2. School health records and cumulative health records
3. Common health problems in school children
4. School sanitation and safe drinking water
5. Mid-Day Meal Programme - objectives and benefits
6. Role of teacher in school health
7. National School Health Programme

MCQs

1. The age group covered under school health programme is - a) 0-5 years b) 6-18 years c) 5-14 years d) 10-20 years (Answer: b)
2. Scoliosis screening in school is done by - a) BMI measurement b) Adams forward bend test c) Gait analysis d) X-ray (Answer: b)

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🔑 Top 10 Most Repeated / High-Priority Topics

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📝 Exam Writing Tips

• Long essay answers (10 marks): Always include - Definition → Introduction → Types/Classification → Details → Nurse's Role → Conclusion. Use headings and subheadings.
• Short notes (5 marks): Definition → 3-4 key points → diagram (if applicable) → one nursing implication.
• MCQs: Focus on numbers (doses, schedules, populations served), abbreviations, definitions, and programme launch years.
• For definitions, always link the concept to the community health nurse's role - examiners look for this.
• Diagrams that score marks: Epidemiological triad, chain of infection, health care delivery pyramid, levels of prevention.

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