Constipation medicine
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NHS constipation treatment laxatives bulk osmotic stimulant adults
For short-term, uncomplicated constipation, common pharmacy options are:
- Hard/dry stool: an osmotic laxative such as macrogol/polyethylene glycol (PEG) or lactulose. These soften stool and often take 1-3 days.
- Soft stool but difficult to pass: a stimulant laxative such as senna or bisacodyl, generally for short-term use.
- Mild constipation with good fluid intake: a bulk-forming product such as psyllium/ispaghula husk. Avoid it if you have suspected blockage, severe bloating, or cannot drink enough fluid.
Follow the product label or pharmacist's advice. Drink fluids, increase fibre gradually, and keep physically active. The NHS laxative guide explains the different types and their usual onset.
Do not self-treat with laxatives first if there is severe/worsening abdominal pain, vomiting, a swollen abdomen, blood or black stool, fever, unexplained weight loss, or you cannot pass gas. Seek urgent medical care.
Tell me the person's age, how long this has been present, whether they are pregnant, and any medicines being taken, especially opioid pain medicines, iron, or antacids, and I can suggest the safest type.
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