Part - A: Short Answer Questions (7 Marks) List out the energy rich compounds & discuss the biological significance of ATP. What are Isoenzymes? Write a note on their therapeutic application. Calculate the energetics of complete oxidation of glucose under aerobic conditions. Write about atherosclerosis. Define oxidative phosphorylation. Write a note on its significance. What is nitrogen balance? Write briefly about different states of nitrogen balance. Discuss the characteristics and features of the genetic code. Write about the creatinine clearance test and its diagnostic significance. What is the significance of lipid profile tests? Write a note on SGPT & SGOT. Write briefly about RIA? Define RIA. Define Michaelis-Menten constant? Illustrate the catalytic and physiological role of HMG Co-A reductase. Enlist the abnormal constituents of urine and their clinical/diagnostic significance. Mention the physiological role of any two essential amino acids / Write a note on essential amino acids. Describe carrier-mediated transport: co-transport, symport & antiport with examples. Give the energetics of Glycogenolysis. List out and define different metabolic disorders of carbohydrate metabolism / glycogen storage diseases. What is ELISA? Write any two applications / Write briefly about ELISA. Write the biological significance of cyclic AMP. Abnormalities of serum proteins leads to chronic renal disease. Yes/No justify your answer. How do kidney function tests help in the diagnosis of diseases? What is the significance of the glucose tolerance test? Define atherosclerosis and mention its etiology. Define Isoenzyme and coenzyme with examples. Enlist the factors affecting enzyme activity. How to diagnose Hemolytic Jaundice? What is the role of ETC in energy regulation? Write a note on Enzyme Inhibitors. Enlist the tests used to analyze abnormal constituents of Urine. Write the importance of insulin hormone in glucose uptake and utilization. Give your manifestation of increased triglyceride content in blood. Define: (a) RIA (b) Apoproteins. Define co-enzymes and their role in biochemical processes. Give the tests for any three abnormal constituents of Urine. Explain the liver enzymes tests. Write about water balance and electrolyte distribution. Define Glycogenolysis. Write briefly about metabolic acidosis. What is the condition called cystinuria? Write about IUB classification of enzymes. What are un-couplers of ETC? Write about metabolic derangements in diabetes mellitus. What are apoproteins and write their function?