Here is a comprehensive, organized summary of all relevant studies for your paper on Topic #3: Pediatric MRSA Abscesses - Incidence, Antibiotic Susceptibility, and Preventive Strategies.
Relevant Studies for Your Paper
The studies are organized under the three pillars of your title.
PILLAR 1 - Incidence / Epidemiology / Trends
1. Rate of MRSA in Pediatric Emergency Departments in Spain
Garriga Ferrer-Bergua L et al. | Anales de Pediatría | 2022 | PMID: 35788335
Design: Retrospective multicenter study, 8 pediatric EDs, 2017-2018
Key findings:
- Overall MRSA rate: 16.6% of all S. aureus isolates
- Highest MRSA rate was in skin abscesses: 29.3% (CI 95%: 21.8-36.8%) - directly relevant to your study
- Risk factors: previous MRSA infection (90% rate), foreign-born children (52%), suppurative skin lesions
- 71.2% were community-related infections
- 41% required admission; no deaths
Relevance to your paper: This is a strong comparable multicenter study. Your single-center data can be positioned relative to this 16.6% baseline. The finding that abscesses have the highest MRSA rate among all SSTIs directly supports your study's focus.
2. Epidemiological Dynamics and Rising Trends of MRSA in Saudi Arabia: A 12-Year Observational Study
Subramanian A et al. | Front Cell Infect Microbiol | 2025 | PMID: 41132486
Design: Retrospective cohort, 4,267 S. aureus isolates over 12 years
Key findings:
- MRSA accounted for 52.7% of all S. aureus isolates
- MRSA prevalence increased significantly over time across all wards (surgical ward OR = 1.115, p < 0.001)
- MRSA more common in blood, skin, and abscess samples
- Rising burden documented with temporal trend analysis
Relevance: Provides a global context for the "rising incidence" narrative of your study and demonstrates the method of temporal trend analysis in a retrospective design.
3. Etiology, Clinical Features, Management, and Outcomes of SSTIs in Hospitalized Children: A 10-Year Review
Yueh CM et al. | J Microbiol Immunol Infect | 2022 | PMID: 35283045
Design: 10-year retrospective review, 1,631 pediatric SSTI patients aged 0-18 years
Key findings:
- Abscess/furuncle/carbuncle = 8.6% of all SSTIs
- Among culture-positive purulent SSTIs: CA-MRSA = 56.8%, CA-MSSA = 22.2%
- MRSA accounted for the majority of culture-proven SSTIs
- Age group 0-1 month and local lymph node reaction were independent predictors for CA-MSSA vs CA-MRSA
Relevance: This is one of the closest comparators to your study - same age group, similar SSTI focus, similar retrospective design. Use for direct comparison in Discussion.
PILLAR 2 - Antibiotic Susceptibility
4. Etiology, Clinical Features, Management, and Outcomes of SSTIs in Hospitalized Children (same as above - dual relevance)
Yueh CM et al. | PMID: 35283045
Susceptibility data:
- MRSA isolates: 100% susceptible to glycopeptides (vancomycin, teicoplanin), linezolid, and daptomycin
- TMP-SMX susceptibility: 98.6% (high - supports its use empirically)
- Clindamycin susceptibility: MRSA 34.2% vs MSSA 78.2% (p < 0.001) - significantly lower in MRSA, an important antibiotic stewardship finding
- Optimal empiric antibiotics depend on age, severity, and local epidemiology
Relevance: Your susceptibility data can be benchmarked against these figures. The clindamycin gap is a major talking point.
5. Penicillin Susceptibility Among S. aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections at a Children's Hospital
McNeil JC et al. | Microbiology Spectrum | 2024 | PMID: 39248483
Design: Surveillance study, Texas Children's Hospital, 200 MSSA SSTI isolates (2017-2021), median age 4.2 years
Key findings:
- 9% of MSSA SSTIs were penicillin-susceptible (PSSA)
- PSSA independently associated with hospital admission and need for surgical intervention
- Most PSSA were sequence type 1
- Most clinical labs no longer routinely test penicillin susceptibility - calls for re-evaluation
Relevance: Highlights the nuance of susceptibility testing beyond just MRSA/MSSA dichotomy. Strengthens your argument for comprehensive susceptibility reporting.
6. Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotics in MRSA Infections: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Liu Q et al. | Antibiotics (MDPI) | 2024
Key finding: Linezolid was the most effective antibiotic for both lung infections AND skin/soft tissue infections in MRSA. Consistent with findings from earlier analyses. 20 RCTs included (16 from the US).
Relevance: High-level evidence for antibiotic choice in MRSA SSTIs. Use in your antibiotic management/susceptibility discussion section.
PILLAR 3 - Preventive Strategies / Decolonization
7. Impact of Decolonization Protocols and Recurrence in Pediatric MRSA Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections
Papastefan ST et al. | J Surg Res | 2019 | PMID: 31071607
Design: Single-institution retrospective review, pediatric patients ≤18 yrs, MRSA culture-positive abscesses, 399 patients, I&D performed
Key findings:
- Decolonization protocols were NOT associated with lower recurrence rates
- Recurrence risk factors: previous abscesses, previous MRSA infection, family history of abscess/MRSA, Hispanic ethnicity, fever on admission
- Patients more likely to receive decolonization: prior abscess history, groin/genital abscesses, family members with MRSA, I&D by pediatric surgeon
Relevance: This is the most directly comparable study to yours - same design (retrospective, single institution, pediatric MRSA abscess, I&D). Critically, it challenges decolonization efficacy and reframes prevention toward risk factor modification and family-level interventions. A must-cite.
8. MRSA Eradication and Decolonization in Children Study (Parts 1 & 2)
Moore CM et al. | J Participatory Med | 2020 | PMIDs: 33064109 & 33064098
Design: Patient/parent-centered study on decolonization toolkit development and outcomes
Key findings (Part 1): Development of a community-co-designed MRSA decolonization toolkit
Key findings (Part 2): Patient- and parent-reported outcomes showed decolonization was feasible but adherence was variable; family engagement was identified as key
Relevance: Supports a preventive strategy framework centered on family education and community decolonization protocols - useful for your "Preventive Strategies" section, especially if you found low parental awareness in your cohort.
9. Outpatient Decolonization After Recurrent Skin Infection with PVL-Producing S. aureus
Hanitsch LG et al. | PLoS One | 2020 | PMID: 32315364
Key finding: Treatment repetition is important for successful decolonization - single-course protocols often fail. Outpatient decolonization is feasible and cost-effective when protocols are followed through.
Relevance: Supports recommending repeated or prolonged decolonization courses rather than one-time protocols.
10. Management of Community-Associated Bacterial SSTIs in Children and Prevention of Recurrence
Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) Position Statement | 2024
CPS guidelines
Key recommendations:
- I&D is the primary treatment for abscess
- Adjunct antibiotics (TMP-SMX or clindamycin) reduce treatment failure and recurrence
- MRSA decolonization with mupirocin nasal ointment + chlorhexidine wash for recurrent cases
- Family and household member decolonization recommended when recurrence occurs
- Reference: Daum RS et al., NEJM 2017 (antibiotics for smaller skin abscesses RCT)
Relevance: A current authoritative guideline - use as the backbone of your Preventive Strategies discussion.
Summary Table for Quick Reference
| # | PMID | First Author | Year | Study Type | Pillar | n | Key Takeaway |
|---|
| 1 | 35788335 | Garriga L | 2022 | Retrospective multicenter | Incidence | 403 | MRSA rate 16.6%; highest in abscesses (29.3%) |
| 2 | 41132486 | Subramanian A | 2025 | Retrospective cohort | Incidence | 4,267 | Rising MRSA trend over 12 years |
| 3 | 35283045 | Yueh CM | 2022 | 10-yr retrospective | Incidence + Susceptibility | 1,631 | CA-MRSA = 56.8% of purulent SSTIs; clindamycin resistance high |
| 4 | 39248483 | McNeil JC | 2024 | Surveillance | Susceptibility | 200 | 9% MSSA isolates are penicillin-susceptible; re-examine testing |
| 5 | 31071607 | Papastefan ST | 2019 | Retrospective | Prevention | 399 | Decolonization did NOT reduce recurrence; family factors key |
| 6 | 33064109/98 | Moore CM | 2020 | Patient-centered study | Prevention | - | Family-engaged decolonization toolkit; adherence is key |
| 7 | 32315364 | Hanitsch LG | 2020 | Cohort | Prevention | - | Repeated decolonization courses needed |
Suggested Citation Strategy for Your Introduction
- Open with global/regional MRSA incidence using Subramanian 2025 and Garriga 2022
- Cite Yueh 2022 to show MRSA dominates pediatric SSTIs (>50% of culture-positive cases)
- Segue into antibiotic susceptibility gaps using Yueh 2022 (clindamycin) and McNeil 2024 (penicillin testing)
- Frame prevention discussion using CPS 2024 guideline, Papastefan 2019, and Moore 2020
- Use Papastefan 2019 specifically as your closest design comparator in the Discussion ("Similar to Papastefan et al., our single-center retrospective review of [n] children found...")