Medical flowchart titled "Classification of Hernia" showing a hierarchical tree diagram. Top node: "HERNIA". Branch 1: "By Location" splitting into Inguinal (Direct, Indirect), Femoral, Umbilical, Epigastric, Incisional, Spigelian, Obturator, Lumbar. Branch 2: "By Clinical Status" splitting into Reducible, Irreducible (Incarcerated), Strangulated. Branch 3: "By Aetiology" splitting into Congenital and Acquired. Branch 4: "By Contents" splitting into Enterocele (bowel), Omentocele (omentum), Sliding (viscera forms part of sac), Richter's (part of bowel wall). Clean white background, blue and green color scheme, medical textbook style.

Medical flowchart titled "Nyhus Classification of Inguinal Hernia" showing a clean decision-tree style diagram. Top: "Inguinal Hernia". Four main types: Type I - Indirect hernia, normal internal ring; Type II - Indirect hernia, enlarged internal ring, posterior wall intact; Type III - Posterior wall defect, three subtypes: IIIa Direct hernia (Hesselbach triangle), IIIb Indirect with enlarged/destroyed internal ring (includes pantaloon), IIIc Femoral hernia; Type IV - Recurrent hernia (IVa Direct, IVb Indirect, IVc Femoral, IVd Combined). White background, blue boxes, red highlights for Type III and IV, arrows connecting each level, medical education style.

Medical education flowchart titled "CERNIA Classification of Thyroid Swellings" for ENT PG exam. Clean white background, dark blue heading. Show a mnemonic breakdown box at top with each letter in bold: C = Congenital, E = Endocrine (physiological/simple goitre), R = Retrosternal goitre, N = Neoplastic (benign and malignant), I = Inflammatory (thyroiditis), A = Autoimmune (Hashimoto's, Grave's disease). Below each letter, show a branching sub-classification box: Under C: Thyroglossal cyst, Lingual thyroid, Ectopic thyroid. Under E: Physiological, Simple/non-toxic, Multinodular goitre, Toxic goitre. Under R: Grade I/II/III substernal. Under N: Benign (adenoma), Malignant (papillary, follicular, medullary, anaplastic). Under I: Acute, Subacute (de Quervain's), Chronic (Riedel's). Under A: Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease. Blue and green color scheme, arrows, clean medical textbook style.

Medical flowchart titled "Classification of Thyroid Malignancy" for ENT PG exam. White background. Top node: Thyroid Malignancy. Four branches: 1) Well-differentiated: Papillary (most common, psammoma bodies, lymphatic spread) and Follicular (haematogenous spread, follicular architecture). 2) Poorly differentiated: Anaplastic carcinoma (elderly, rapid growth, worst prognosis). 3) Medullary carcinoma: Parafollicular C-cells, calcitonin secreting, associated with MEN 2A and 2B. 4) Others: Lymphoma (associated with Hashimoto's), Metastatic. Add a separate small box: TNM staging note - T1 less than 2cm, T2 2-4cm, T3 greater than 4cm, T4 extrathyroidal. Blue-green gradient boxes, white text, clean clinical diagram style for medical exam preparation.