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Acid Base Balance Student Notes
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| Section | Content |
|---|---|
| 1. Overview | Normal blood pH (7.35–7.45), why it matters, compatible-with-life range |
| 2. Acid & Base Production | Volatile vs non-volatile acids, vegetarian vs animal-protein diet effects |
| 3. Three Lines of Defense | Buffer → Respiratory → Renal (BRR), ordered by speed |
| 4. Blood Buffers | Bicarbonate (dominant), Phosphate, Protein/Hb systems + Henderson-Hasselbalch with worked example |
| 5. Respiratory Mechanism | Medullary centre, hyperventilation/hypoventilation responses, chloride shift |
| 6. Renal Mechanism | H⁺ excretion, HCO₃⁻ reabsorption, titratable acid, NH₄⁺ excretion |
| 7. Acid-Base Disorders | Summary table (Metabolic/Respiratory Acidosis/Alkalosis + compensation) |
| 8. Quick Reference Values | All key numbers in one table |
| 9. Exam Tips & Mnemonics | BRR mnemonic, H-H at a glance, diet clues, acetazolamide pearl |
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