Check the file of iec and say mistakes
| Location | Error | Correction |
|---|---|---|
| Page 8, Step 2 | "Child explores the object us studying touch only" | "using touch only" |
| Page 8, Step 6 heading | "INTREPRET:" | "INTERPRET:" |
| Page 8, Step 6 table header | "INTERPREATTION" | "INTERPRETATION" |
| Page 6, Handedness table range | "+21 to -60 Moderately left-handed" | Should be -21 to -60 (sign error — logically inconsistent with the scale) |
| # | Issue | Severity |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Co-investigator details completely blank | High |
| 2 | Study Instrument section blank | High |
| 3 | Task III (Bimanual Coordination) missing from procedure | High |
| 4 | Wrong PI/Co-I names and blank phone numbers in contact section | High |
| 5 | Kannada consent form unjustifiably excluded | High (Ethical) |
| 6 | Consent form missing parent signature, name, child name fields | High |
| 7 | Typo: "us studying" → "using" | Low |
| 8 | Typos: "INTREPRET", "INTERPREATTION" | Low |
| 9 | Handedness range table sign error (+21 to -60) | Medium |
| 10 | EHI formula deviation from validated original | Medium |
| 11 | Reference 10 incomplete | Medium |
| 12 | Proforma uses simplified handedness vs. full EHI table | Medium |
| 13 | "Digital informed consent" contradicts paper form | Low |
Wt to be added in informed consent and project
Name of Parent/Guardian: ___________________________
Signature of Parent/Guardian: ______________________
Date: ______________ Place: _______________
Name of Child: ____________________________________
Age of Child: _____________________________________
Name of Witness: __________________________________
Signature of Witness: _____________________________
Date: ______________ Place: _______________
I confirm that I have explained the study to the above participant's parent/guardian
and they have given voluntary consent.
Name of Investigator: _____________________________
Signature: _______________________________________
Date: _______________
CHILD ASSENT (for children aged 7–12 years)
I understand that I will be doing some hand and touching tasks.
I agree to take part.
Child's Name: ____________________________________
Child's Signature / Thumb Impression: _____________
Date: ___________________
| Item | PIS (Annexure 1) | Consent Form (Annexure 2) |
|---|---|---|
| Correct PI name & contact | ❌ Wrong name/blank number | — |
| Kannada translation | ❌ Missing | ❌ Missing |
| Parent signature block | — | ❌ Missing |
| Parent name field | — | ❌ Missing |
| Child name field | — | ❌ Missing |
| Witness signature | — | ❌ Missing |
| Investigator declaration/signature | — | ❌ Missing |
| Child assent section | ❌ Only mentioned verbally | ❌ Missing written form |
| Data storage duration | ❌ Missing | — |
| Right to withdraw (corrected) | ❌ Says "survey" | ❌ Not explicit |
| Ethics approval number | ❌ Blank | ❌ Blank |
| Harm/discomfort policy | ❌ Missing | ❌ Missing |
| Results dissemination statement | ❌ Missing | — |
Change this
Since the study involves physiotherapy students who are educated in India, where the medium of professional education and clinical communication is English, the Participant Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form will be provided exclusively in English. Therefore, translation into any other language is not required for this study.
The Participant Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form are provided in both English and Kannada (Annexure 1 & 2), as the study is conducted in schools in Kolar, Karnataka, where parents and guardians of participating children may be more comfortable reading in Kannada. This ensures informed and voluntary consent in a language best understood by the participant's family.
| Reason | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Wrong population mentioned | Study involves school children & their parents — NOT physiotherapy students |
| Location | Study is in Kolar, Karnataka — Kannada is the primary language of parents |
| ICMR Guideline 2017 | Consent must be in the language understood by the participant/guardian |
| Ethical requirement | IEC committees routinely reject applications without regional language consent |
Note: The PI Name and Mobile Number are printed on both the English and Kannada versions of the Participant Information Sheet and Informed Consent Form as required.
Wt to do in Edinburgh thing
LQ = [(ΣR − ΣL) ÷ (ΣR + ΣL + ΣE)] × 100
LQ = [(ΣR − ΣL) ÷ (ΣR + ΣL)] × 100
| Range | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| +61 to +100 | Strongly right-handed |
| +21 to +60 | Moderately right-handed |
| -20 to +20 | Mixed |
| +21 to -60 | Moderately left-handed ← WRONG |
| -61 to -100 | Strongly left-handed |
| Range | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| +61 to +100 | Strongly right-handed |
| +21 to +60 | Moderately right-handed |
| -20 to +20 | Mixed / Ambidextrous |
| -21 to -60 | Moderately left-handed |
| -61 to -100 | Strongly left-handed |
Mixed handedness defined as a Laterality Quotient between -40 and +40
Mixed handedness defined as a Laterality Quotient between -20 and +20
Standard recommendation: Use -20 to +20 as Mixed (as per Oldfield 1971)
| Issue | What to Change |
|---|---|
| Formula | Remove ΣE from denominator |
| Range table | Fix +21 to -60 → -21 to -60 |
| Exclusion criteria | Change cutoff from ±40 to ±20 to match table |
| "Either" column | Remove OR keep but fix formula |
LQ = [(ΣR − ΣL) ÷ (ΣR + ΣL)] × 100
Range | Interpretation
+61 to +100 | Strongly right-handed
+21 to +60 | Moderately right-handed
-20 to +20 | Mixed / Ambidextrous
-21 to -60 | Moderately left-handed
-61 to -100 | Strongly left-handed
Exclusion: LQ between -20 and +20 (Mixed handedness)
Give me reference 10
Chang X, Collin G, Mandl RCW, Cahn W, Kahn RS. Interhemispheric connectivity and hemispheric specialization in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings
| Field | Detail |
|---|---|
| Authors | Chang X, Collin G, Mandl RCW, Cahn W, Kahn RS |
| Title | Interhemispheric connectivity and hemispheric specialization in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings |
| Journal | Schizophrenia Research |
| Year | 2015 |
| Volume | 166 |
| Issue | 1–3 |
| Pages | 44–51 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.schres.2015.05.012 |
Sundaram SK, Sivaswamy L, Makki MI, Behen ME, Chugani HT. Absence of arcuate fasciculus in children with global developmental delay of unknown etiology: a diffusion tensor imaging study. J Pediatr. 2008;152(2):250–255.
Task 3 wt to do
| Score | Observation |
|---|---|
| 2 | Both movements maintained independently throughout |
| 1 | Occasional assimilation or minor breakdown |
| 0 | Complete assimilation — one hand mirrors the other |
Bimanual Coordination Score = Number of correct simultaneous placements ÷ 30 sec
| Score | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| ≥ 80% | Good bimanual coordination — intact callosal function |
| 60–79% | Mild difficulty — mild interhemispheric delay |
| 40–59% | Moderate difficulty — possible callosal immaturity |
| < 40% | Significant difficulty — poor bimanual independence |
TASK 3: BIMANUAL COORDINATION
Condition 1 — Different Simultaneous Movements:
Score (0 / 1 / 2) = ________
Condition 2 — Alternate Grip & Release:
Correct placements in 30 sec = ________
Bimanual Coordination % = ________
Condition 3 — Asymmetric Rhythm:
Breakdown frequency = ________
Overall Interpretation = ________
| Task | Region Targeted |
|---|---|
| Task I — Tactile Intermanual Transfer | Posterior corpus callosum (splenium) |
| Task II — Bimanual Tapping | Middle corpus callosum (body) |
| Task III — Bimanual Coordination | Anterior corpus callosum (genu/premotor) |
The anterior corpus callosum connects the supplementary motor areas and premotor cortices of both hemispheres, enabling the coordination of simultaneous but independent movements of the two hands. Bimanual coordination tasks that require different actions in each hand simultaneously provide a sensitive behavioural measure of anterior interhemispheric connectivity.
From this choose for bimanual tapping and and bimanual coordination 1. Takeuchi N, Oouchida Y, Izumi S. Motor control and neural plasticity through interhemispheric interactions. Neural Plast. 2012;2012:1–13. 2. Bergert S, Windmann S, Güntürkün O. Is interhemispheric communication disturbed when the two hemispheres perform on separate tasks? Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(10):1866–1874. 3. Gooijers J, Swinnen SP. Interactions between brain structure and behavior: The corpus callosum and bimanual coordination. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;43:1–19. 4. Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh Inventory. Neuropsychologia. 1971;9(1):97–113. 5. Knecht S, Dräger B, Deppe M, Bobe L, Lohmann H, Flöel A, et al. Handedness and hemispheric language dominance in healthy humans. Brain. 2000;123(12):2512–2518. 6. Fabri M, Del Pesce M, Paggi A, Polonara G, Bartolini M, Salvolini U, et al. Contribution of posterior corpus callosum to the interhemispheric transfer of tactile information. Cogn Brain Res. 2001;11(1):73–80. 7. Church JA, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL. The “Task B problem” and other considerations in developmental functional neuroimaging. Hum Brain Mapp. 2010;31(6):852–862. 8. Swinnen SP. Intermanual coordination: From behavioural principles to neural-network interactions. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3(5):348–359. 9. Njiokiktjien C, Stenneken P, et al. Unimanual and bimanual simultaneous finger tapping in schoolchildren: Developmental aspects and hand preference-related asymmetries. Laterality. 1997;2(2):151–171. 10. Chang X, Collin G, Mandl RCW, Cahn W, Kahn RS. Interhemispheric connectivity and hemispheric specialization in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings
| Ref No. | Reference | Why It Fits |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Swinnen SP. Intermanual coordination: From behavioural principles to neural-network interactions. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3(5):348–359. | Directly covers bimanual tapping, in-phase vs anti-phase tapping, and interhemispheric motor coordination |
| 9 | Njiokiktjien C, Stenneken P, et al. Unimanual and bimanual simultaneous finger tapping in schoolchildren. Laterality. 1997;2(2):151–171. | Specifically on finger tapping in school children — perfect match for your population and task |
| 1 | Takeuchi N, Oouchida Y, Izumi S. Motor control and neural plasticity through interhemispheric interactions. Neural Plast. 2012;2012:1–13. | Supports the neural basis of bimanual tapping via interhemispheric interaction |
| Ref No. | Reference | Why It Fits |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | Gooijers J, Swinnen SP. Interactions between brain structure and behavior: The corpus callosum and bimanual coordination. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014;43:1–19. | Best reference — directly on corpus callosum and bimanual coordination |
| 1 | Takeuchi N, Oouchida Y, Izumi S. Motor control and neural plasticity through interhemispheric interactions. Neural Plast. 2012;2012:1–13. | Supports motor coordination through interhemispheric pathways |
| 2 | Bergert S, Windmann S, Güntürkün O. Is interhemispheric communication disturbed when the two hemispheres perform on separate tasks? Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(10):1866–1874. | Relevant — each hand doing a different task is exactly what bimanual coordination tests |
| Reference | Bimanual Tapping | Bimanual Coordination |
|---|---|---|
| 1 — Takeuchi et al. | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes |
| 2 — Bergert et al. | ❌ Not ideal | ✅ Yes |
| 3 — Gooijers & Swinnen | ❌ Not ideal | ✅ Best |
| 8 — Swinnen SP | ✅ Best | ✅ Yes |
| 9 — Njiokiktjien et al. | ✅ Best (children) | ❌ Not ideal |
| Reference | Reason Not Suitable |
|---|---|
| 4 — Oldfield | Only for handedness assessment |
| 5 — Knecht et al. | Only for language dominance |
| 6 — Fabri et al. | Only for tactile/somatosensory transfer (Task I) |
| 7 — Church et al. | Only for neuroimaging methodology |
| 10 — Chang et al. | About schizophrenia — not relevant |
Is it possible to do this study for child it's too much
| Task | Problem | Feasibility |
|---|---|---|
| Task I — Tactile Transfer (10 objects × 3 conditions) | 30 trials total + finger localization = very long | ⚠️ Reduce objects |
| Task II — Bimanual Tapping (2 conditions × 30 sec) | Manageable | ✅ Fine as is |
| Task III — Bimanual Coordination (3 conditions) | Too complex for 6–7 year olds | ⚠️ Simplify |
| Edinburgh Handedness (10 items) | Fine | ✅ Fine as is |
| Demographic form | Fine | ✅ Fine as is |
| Age Group | Problem |
|---|---|
| 6–7 years | Short attention span, cannot maintain focus for 30+ trials, may not understand instructions for anti-phase tapping |
| 8–9 years | Can manage most tasks but may fatigue |
| 10–12 years | Can handle full protocol comfortably |
| Component | Time |
|---|---|
| Demographic + Edinburgh | 5 min |
| Task I (5 objects, reduced) | 8–10 min |
| Task II (Bimanual Tapping) | 5 min |
| Task III (Simplified) | 5 min |
| Total | ~20–25 min |
Each task will be preceded by 1–2 practice trials to ensure the child understands the instruction before actual data collection begins.
A short rest of 1–2 minutes will be given between tasks to prevent fatigue.
For children aged 6–7 years, simplified versions of tasks will be used. Full protocol will be applied for children aged 8–12 years.
All instructions will be given in simple language (English/Kannada) appropriate to the child's comprehension level.
A parent or teacher may be present during assessment to help the child feel comfortable.
| Verdict | Detail |
|---|---|
| ✅ Study is valid and ethical | Non-invasive, observational, no risk |
| ✅ Tasks are scientifically sound | Well-supported by literature |
| ⚠️ Reduce Task I objects | From 10 to 5 |
| ⚠️ Simplify Task III for young children | Use only 1 condition for age 6–7 |
| ✅ Add practice trials | Essential for children |
| ✅ Add rest breaks | Prevents fatigue and poor performance |
As per above pdf annexure 1 and annexure 2 translate into kannada properly as per those
ಈ ಅಧ್ಯಯನದಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾಗವಹಿಸಲು ಪರಿಗಣಿಸಿದ್ದಕ್ಕಾಗಿ ತುಂಬು ಹೃದಯದ ಧನ್ಯವಾದಗಳು.(Thank you sincerely for considering participation in this study.)