triage AND disaster medicine

official emergency triage multiple casualty incident mass casualty incident triage reverse triage guidance

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https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/integrated-hea…

site:ahrq.gov reverse triage hospital disaster surge definition

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mkdir -p "/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/src" "/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/output"

cat > "/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/src/create_triage_ppt.py" <<'PY' from pptx import Presentation from pptx.util import Inches, Pt from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN, MSO_ANCHOR from pptx.enum.dml import MSO_THEME_COLOR OUT='/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/output/Types_of_Triage_Aditya_Gore.pptx' prs=Presentation(); prs.slide_width=Inches(13.333); prs.slide_height=Inches(7.5) blank=prs.slide_layouts[6] # palette NAVY=RGBColor(16,43,72); BLUE=RGBColor(40,101,156); TEAL=RGBColor(24,137,142) SKY=RGBColor(232,243,250); PALE=RGBColor(246,249,252); INK=RGBColor(31,46,61) MUTED=RGBColor(87,105,121); WHITE=RGBColor(255,255,255); RED=RGBColor(193,55,67); GOLD=RGBColor(229,158,42); GREEN=RGBColor(44,135,95) def rect(s,x,y,w,h,color, radius=False, line=None): sh=s.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.ROUNDED_RECTANGLE if radius else MSO_SHAPE.RECTANGLE, Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)) sh.fill.solid(); sh.fill.fore_color.rgb=color sh.line.color.rgb=line or color if radius: sh.adjustments[0]=0.08 return sh def text(s,x,y,w,h,content,size=18,color=INK,bold=False,align=PP_ALIGN.LEFT,font='Aptos',valign=MSO_ANCHOR.TOP,margin=0.05): tb=s.shapes.add_textbox(Inches(x), Inches(y), Inches(w), Inches(h)); tf=tb.text_frame tf.clear(); tf.word_wrap=True; tf.margin_left=tf.margin_right=Inches(margin); tf.margin_top=tf.margin_bottom=Inches(margin); tf.vertical_anchor=valign lines=content if isinstance(content,list) else [content] for i,item in enumerate(lines): p=tf.paragraphs[0] if i==0 else tf.add_paragraph() if isinstance(item,tuple): val,lev=item else: val,lev=item,0 p.text=val; p.level=lev; p.alignment=align; p.space_after=Pt(7) for r in p.runs: r.font.name=font; r.font.size=Pt(size); r.font.bold=bold; r.font.color.rgb=color return tb def base(title, num, source): s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank); rect(s,0,0,13.333,7.5,PALE); rect(s,0,0,13.333,.22,NAVY) text(s,.6,.44,11.7,.55,title,28,NAVY,True) rect(s,.6,1.08,1.05,.06,TEAL) text(s,.62,7.08,11.75,.22,source,8,MUTED) text(s,12.28,7.01,.42,.28,str(num),10,BLUE,True,align=PP_ALIGN.RIGHT) return s def card(s,x,y,w,h,heading,body,accent=BLUE): rect(s,x,y,w,h,WHITE,True,RGBColor(218,228,236)); rect(s,x,y,.10,h,accent) text(s,x+.30,y+.22,w-.55,.32,heading,16,NAVY,True) text(s,x+.30,y+.66,w-.52,h-.80,body,14,INK) def pill(s,x,y,w,label,color): rect(s,x,y,w,.38,color,True); text(s,x,y+.035,w,.24,label,11,WHITE,True,align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # 1 title s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank); rect(s,0,0,13.333,7.5,NAVY); rect(s,0,0,13.333,.2,TEAL) # decorative blocks rect(s,9.85,.75,2.5,2.5,BLUE,True); rect(s,10.45,1.35,1.3,1.3,TEAL,True); rect(s,9.55,4.75,2.9,.22,GOLD) text(s,.75,1.25,8.6,.55,'TYPES OF TRIAGE',15,RGBColor(159,213,220),True) text(s,.72,1.92,8.7,1.75,'Prehospital vs Hospital\nSimple vs Advanced\nReverse Triage and Casualty Events',31,WHITE,True) text(s,.75,5.48,5.5,.4,'Prepared by',14,RGBColor(173,193,212)) text(s,.75,5.88,6.2,.55,'Aditya Gore',24,WHITE,True) text(s,.75,6.73,8,.24,'Emergency preparedness and disaster management',10,RGBColor(173,193,212)) # 2 concept s=base('Triage: the core idea',1,'Reference: Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 22nd ed., Ch. 48, “Key Definitions,” pp. 966-968.') text(s,.75,1.43,11.8,.45,'A dynamic process of sorting patients so that limited care produces the greatest overall benefit.',22,NAVY,True) card(s,.78,2.22,3.82,3.55,'1. Assess quickly','Identify urgent threats and the likely need for treatment, transport, or further evaluation.',TEAL) card(s,4.77,2.22,3.82,3.55,'2. Prioritize','Place patients into categories according to urgency, prognosis, and available resources.',BLUE) card(s,8.76,2.22,3.82,3.55,'3. Reassess','Triage is not a one-time label. Category may change as the patient or resources change.',GOLD) pill(s,3.92,6.23,5.55,'Goal: the greatest good for the greatest number',NAVY) # 3 pre vs hospital s=base('Prehospital vs hospital triage',2,'References: Current Surgical Therapy, 14th ed., “Prehospital Triage,” p. 1269; Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 22nd ed., Ch. 48.') text(s,.75,1.43,11.7,.35,'Same purpose, different setting and decisions.',20,NAVY,True) card(s,.75,2.05,5.82,4.35,'PREHOSPITAL (field / scene)','• Performed at or near the incident\n• Rapid assessment by EMS within incident command\n• Decides transport priority and most appropriate destination\n• Balances undertriage against overtriage\n\nFocus: “Who goes where, and how fast?”',TEAL) card(s,6.76,2.05,5.82,4.35,'HOSPITAL (ED / facility)','• Sorting on arrival into treatment-priority categories\n• Re-triage is needed because patients may self-present or deteriorate\n• Allocates staff, space, diagnostics, and definitive care\n\nFocus: “Who needs treatment first, here?”',BLUE) #4 simple advanced s=base('Simple vs advanced triage',3,'References: Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine, 10th ed., Ch. 302, “Mass Casualty Triage”; WHO Facility-Based Mass Casualty Triage Guidance Note (2024).') card(s,.75,1.55,5.82,4.95,'SIMPLE TRIAGE','Designed for speed, minimal equipment, and many patients.\n\n• Brief observable findings: walking, breathing, perfusion, mental status\n• Uses a short algorithm such as START or SALT\n• Produces broad priority groups\n• Best for initial sorting at a crowded scene\n\nStrength: fast and reproducible\nLimitation: less clinical detail',TEAL) card(s,6.76,1.55,5.82,4.95,'ADVANCED TRIAGE','Adds clinical detail after initial sorting or when resources permit.\n\n• Fuller ABCDE assessment and high-risk vital signs\n• May incorporate injury patterns, response to treatment, and resource needs\n• Supports treatment-area assignment and disposition\n\nStrength: more individualized decision-making\nLimitation: slower and personnel-intensive',BLUE) #5 reverse s=base('Reverse triage: creating surge capacity',4,'References: AHRQ, Allocation of Scarce Resources During Mass Casualty Events, 2012; Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 22nd ed., Ch. 48.') text(s,.75,1.44,11.6,.38,'Reverse triage is a hospital surge strategy, not the usual emergency-department sorting process.',20,NAVY,True) card(s,.75,2.08,4.0,3.72,'What it means','Identify current inpatients who can safely receive a lower level of care, be discharged early with support, or be transferred, thereby releasing beds, staff, and equipment for incoming casualties.',TEAL) card(s,4.98,2.08,3.65,3.72,'Why use it','• Expands usable capacity\n• Reduces crowding\n• Preserves higher-acuity resources\n• Supports continuity of operations',BLUE) card(s,8.86,2.08,3.72,3.72,'Safety guardrails','• Apply predefined eligibility criteria\n• Confirm safe destination and follow-up\n• Maintain medication and documentation needs\n• Reassess risk before discharge/transfer',GOLD) pill(s,3.2,6.25,6.95,'Ethical principle: do not create avoidable harm while making capacity',NAVY) #6 casualty comparison s=base('Multiple casualty vs mass casualty',5,'References: Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 22nd ed., Ch. 48, “Key Definitions”; WHO Facility-Based Mass Casualty Triage Guidance Note (2024).') card(s,.75,1.62,5.82,4.78,'MULTIPLE-CASUALTY INCIDENT (MCI)','Several injured patients present at the same time, but resources remain adequate and the system is not substantially stressed.\n\n• Usual standards of care can generally continue\n• Routine triage and normal escalation pathways may suffice\n• Meaning depends on local capacity\n\nExample: 6 injured patients arriving at a major trauma centre.',GREEN) card(s,6.76,1.62,5.82,4.78,'MASS-CASUALTY EVENT (MCE / MASCAL)','Patient numbers and needs exceed available personnel, space, supplies, or capability. Usual processes are disrupted.\n\n• Requires command, coordinated triage, and surge actions\n• Priorities shift toward population outcomes\n• Triage is repeated as conditions and resources evolve\n\nExample: the same 6 patients at a small rural facility may overwhelm it.',RED) text(s,.9,6.63,11.5,.24,'Key distinction: the casualty count alone does not define “mass casualty” - the demand-to-resource mismatch does.',13,NAVY,True,align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER) #7 thanks s=prs.slides.add_slide(blank); rect(s,0,0,13.333,7.5,NAVY); rect(s,0,0,13.333,.2,TEAL) text(s,.8,1.55,11.7,.7,'Thank You',42,WHITE,True,align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER) text(s,.8,2.43,11.7,.35,'Questions?',20,RGBColor(178,207,225),align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER) rect(s,3.2,3.25,6.93,.05,GOLD) text(s,1.15,4.0,11.0,.4,'References used',18,WHITE,True,align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER) refs='• Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 22nd ed. (Elsevier), Chapter 48: Disaster and Mass Casualty Management.\n• Current Surgical Therapy, 14th ed. (Elsevier), Prehospital Triage.\n• Tintinalli’s Emergency Medicine, 10th ed. (McGraw Hill), Mass Casualty Triage.\n• World Health Organization, Facility-Based Mass Casualty Triage Guidance Note, 2024.\n• AHRQ, Allocation of Scarce Resources During Mass Casualty Events, 2012.' text(s,1.38,4.5,10.6,1.75,refs,13,RGBColor(210,224,235)) text(s,.8,6.8,11.7,.24,'Aditya Gore',11,RGBColor(178,207,225),align=PP_ALIGN.CENTER) # add speaker notes? not supported easy. set properties prs.core_properties.title='Types of Triage'; prs.core_properties.author='Aditya Gore'; prs.core_properties.subject='Prehospital and hospital triage, simple and advanced triage, reverse triage, multiple and mass casualty events' prs.save(OUT) print(OUT) PY python "/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/src/create_triage_ppt.py" && ls -lh "/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/output/Types_of_Triage_Aditya_Gore.pptx"

python - <<'PY' from pptx import Presentation p='/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/output/Types_of_Triage_Aditya_Gore.pptx' prs=Presentation(p) print('slides=',len(prs.slides)) for i,s in enumerate(prs.slides,1): text=' | '.join(sh.text.replace('\n',' / ') for sh in s.shapes if getattr(sh,'has_text_frame',False) and sh.text.strip()) print(f'{i}: {text[:230]}') PY python - <<'PY' import zipfile p='/tmp/workspace/triage-presentation/output/Types_of_Triage_Aditya_Gore.pptx' with zipfile.ZipFile(p) as z: bad=z.testzip() print('zip_integrity=', 'OK' if bad is None else bad) PY