Dashemani gnana For dravyagun
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Dashemani gnana dravyaguna ten qualities Ayurveda
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Now I have enough context. The medical library doesn't have a dedicated Dravyaguna/Ayurveda textbook, so I'll provide a comprehensive answer from my knowledge, supplemented by what the search confirms.
Dashemani Gana - Dravyaguna (Charaka Samhita)
"Dashemani" means groups of ten (Dasha = 10, Emani = groups). In Charaka Samhita (Sutrasthana), 50 Dashemani Ganas are described - each group contains 10 drugs with a specific therapeutic action. These are fundamental to Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic pharmacology/materia medica).
What are Dashemani Ganas?
Charaka Samhita (Ch. Su. 4) describes 50 groups of 10 drugs each = 500 drug entries, organized by their primary Karma (therapeutic action). Each group is named after its predominant action.
The 50 Dashemani Ganas (Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana Ch. 4)
| # | Gana Name | Primary Action (Karma) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jivaniya | Life-promoting, rejuvenating |
| 2 | Brimhaniya | Nourishing, weight-promoting |
| 3 | Lekhaniya | Scraping, reducing fat/obesity |
| 4 | Bhedaniya | Breaking/purgative (hard stools) |
| 5 | Sandhaniya | Healing/uniting (fracture healing) |
| 6 | Deepaniya | Digestive stimulant (Agni deepana) |
| 7 | Balyia | Strength-promoting |
| 8 | Varnyia | Complexion-enhancing |
| 9 | Kandughna | Anti-pruritic (relieves itching) |
| 10 | Truptighna | Relieves pseudo-satiation |
| 11 | Arshoghna | Anti-hemorrhoidal |
| 12 | Kusthaghna | Anti-skin disease |
| 13 | Krimighna | Anti-parasitic/anti-worm |
| 14 | Vishaghna | Anti-toxic/anti-poisoning |
| 15 | Stanyajanana | Galactagogue (promotes lactation) |
| 16 | Stanyashodhana | Purifies breast milk |
| 17 | Shukrajanana | Promotes semen/sperm |
| 18 | Shukrashodhana | Purifies semen |
| 19 | Sanjnasthapana | Restorative of consciousness |
| 20 | Prajasthapana | Promotes conception/pregnancy |
| 21 | Vayasthapana | Anti-aging |
| 22 | Varshabhya | Promotes rain (ritual use) |
| 23 | Dahaprashamana | Relieves burning sensation |
| 24 | Shramahara | Relieves fatigue |
| 25 | Dahahara | Relieves body heat |
| 26 | Trishnahara | Relieves thirst |
| 27 | Chhardighna | Anti-emetic |
| 28 | Vibandhahara | Relieves constipation |
| 29 | Udardaprashamana | Relieves urticaria |
| 30 | Shirovirechana | Nasal purgatives (Nasya drugs) |
| 31 | Svedopaga | Sudorific (sweat-promoting) |
| 32 | Vamakopaga | Adjuvant to Vamana therapy |
| 33 | Virechanopaga | Adjuvant to Virechana therapy |
| 34 | Asthapanopaga | Adjuvant to Asthapana Basti |
| 35 | Anuvasanopaga | Adjuvant to Anuvasana Basti |
| 36 | Snehopaga | Adjuvant to Snehana (oleation) |
| 37 | Mutravirajaniya | Normalizes urine color |
| 38 | Mutrasangrahaniya | Antidiuretic/stops excess urine |
| 39 | Mutravirechaniya | Diuretic |
| 40 | Purishasangrahaniya | Stool-consolidating (anti-diarrheal) |
| 41 | Purishavirechaniya | Purgative (promotes stools) |
| 42 | Angamardaprashamana | Relieves body ache |
| 43 | Shothahara | Anti-inflammatory/anti-edema |
| 44 | Shulahara | Analgesic (relieves colic pain) |
| 45 | Kushthahara | Anti-skin disease (broader) |
| 46 | Kasahara | Anti-tussive (treats cough) |
| 47 | Hikkanigrahana | Anti-hiccup |
| 48 | Puresana | Purgative/purifying |
| 49 | Kaphahara | Kapha-pacifying |
| 50 | Jvarahara | Anti-pyretic/fever-reducing |
Key Features of Dashemani Ganas
- Basis of classification - Grouped by Karma (pharmacological action), not by plant family or taste (Rasa)
- Relevance to Panchakarma - Several Ganas (Svedopaga, Vamakopaga, Virechanopaga, Asthapanopaga, Anuvasanopaga) are specifically the Panchakarma Dashemani Ganas
- Used in Dravyaguna for drug selection in clinical practice - a Vaidya identifies the dosha/disease, then picks the appropriate Gana
- Each drug can appear in multiple Ganas - one herb may have multiple Karmas
- Kasahara Dashemani Gana (No. 46) - 10 drugs for cough: includes Kantakari, Shati, Pushkara, Aguru, Twak, Ela, Urubuka, Surasa, Mishreya, Draksha
Important Dashemani Ganas for Dravyaguna Exam
| High-yield Gana | Key Drugs |
|---|---|
| Jivaniya | Jivaka, Rishabhaka, Meda, Mahameda, Kakoli, Kshirakakoli, Mudgaparni, Mashaparni, Jivanti, Madhuka |
| Kasahara | Kantakari, Shati, Pushkara, Aguru, Twak, Ela, Urubuka, Surasa, Mishreya, Draksha |
| Jvarahara | Guduchi, Patha, Kiratatikta, Musta, Parpataka, Vasa, Nimba, Amrita, Shunthi, Dhanyaka |
| Lekhaniya | Shilajatu, Guggulu, Loha, Makshika, Abhraka, Sarjikshara, Yavakshara, Chitraka, Musta, Kutheraka |
| Vayasthapana | Haritaki, Amalaki, Bibhitaka, Guduchi, Shatavari, Ashwagandha, Punarnava, Sthira, Brahmi, Mandukparni |
Reference
- Charaka Samhita, Sutrasthana, Chapter 4 (Shadvirechanashatashritiya Adhyaya) - describes all 50 Dashemani Ganas
- This is core content in Dravyaguna Vijnana (Ayurvedic pharmacology) curriculum
If you need the complete drug list for any specific Gana (e.g., all 10 drugs in Jivaniya, Vayasthapana, Kasahara, etc.), let me know which ones to expand!
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