Acute pericarditis what is not correct. False A. Bacteria are most com

Acute pericarditis what is not correct. False A. Bacteria are most common causative organisms. V B. Symptoms may mimic angina pain, C. ECG manifestations include ST segment elevations. D. Treatment is NSAIDS. E. Pain and fever are often most common presenting symptoms

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acute pericarditis most common cause viral bacterial etiology

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The textbook confirms the answer clearly. Here is the full breakdown:

Answer: A - Bacteria are the most common causative organisms (FALSE)

This is the incorrect statement, making it the right answer to a "what is NOT correct" question.

Why each option is correct or incorrect:

A. Bacteria are most common causative organisms - FALSE (this is the answer)

About 85% of acute pericarditis cases are idiopathic or viral in origin. Common viral causes include Coxsackievirus B (group B), echoviruses, and SARS-CoV-2. Bacterial causes account for only ~3% of cases. - Goldman-Cecil Medicine, p. 2206

B. Symptoms may mimic angina pain - TRUE

The sharp retrosternal chest pain of acute pericarditis must be differentiated from myocardial ischemia/infarction. The key distinguishing features are that pericarditic pain worsens with inspiration and lying supine, and improves by sitting and leaning forward - a pattern opposite to angina. - Goldman-Cecil Medicine, p. 2211

C. ECG manifestations include ST segment elevations - TRUE

Early in acute pericarditis, the ECG typically shows diffuse ST elevation (usually in all leads except aVR) along with PR depression. This evolves over days to T wave inversions that then normalize. - Goldman-Cecil Medicine, p. 2218

D. Treatment is NSAIDs - TRUE

NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, aspirin) are the first-line treatment for acute pericarditis, often combined with colchicine to reduce recurrence risk.

E. Pain and fever are most common presenting symptoms - TRUE

Sharp chest pain and fever (along with a pericardial friction rub) are the classic presenting features. Fever >38°C raises concern for bacterial or systemic causes.

Bottom line: The answer is A. Viral/idiopathic causes dominate at ~85%; bacterial pericarditis is rare (~3%).

What is no correct about congenital heart disease A. TOF patients Have always a large VSD B. TOF patients may present without synopsis C. Ideal treatment of ASD is closure either with device or surgery. D. PDA may present in older children E. In advance cases PDA may present just with systolic murmer instead of continuous murmer.

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Now I have excellent textbook data to give a complete, authoritative answer.

Answer: A - TOF patients ALWAYS have a large VSD is NOT correct

While a VSD is indeed one of the four components of TOF, the word "always large" is misleading and the clinical significance depends on the degree of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction, not the VSD size alone. However, the more important issue with option A is actually the word "always" - and specifically, option E also needs close examination.

Let me break down each option:

A. TOF patients always have a large VSD - NOT CORRECT (the answer)

The VSD in TOF is described as typically "large and unrestrictive" in classic cases, but the key determinant of clinical severity is the degree of RVOT obstruction, not the VSD size. More critically, the word "always" makes this false - the spectrum of TOF includes varying VSD morphology. The clinical picture (cyanosis vs. acyanotic "pink tet") depends on RVOT obstruction severity, not whether the VSD is large in every single patient. - Rosen's Emergency Medicine, p. 3210

B. TOF patients may present WITHOUT cyanosis - TRUE

"Infants with milder forms of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction may be acyanotic, sometimes referred to as having a 'pink' Tetralogy of Fallot." These patients present like an isolated VSD with left-to-right shunting and no cyanosis initially. - Rosen's Emergency Medicine, p. 3210

C. Ideal treatment of ASD is closure (device or surgery) - TRUE

Closure of hemodynamically significant ASDs is recommended, either percutaneously with a device (for suitable anatomy) or surgically. This is standard management.

D. PDA may present in older children - TRUE

A small PDA may cause no symptoms and go undetected until older childhood or even adulthood. Larger PDAs present earlier with heart failure, but small ones are found late. - Robbins & Kumar Basic Pathology, p. 263

E. In advanced PDA, murmur may be only systolic instead of continuous - TRUE

The classic PDA murmur is a continuous "machinery-like" murmur. However, in advanced disease with Eisenmenger syndrome (pulmonary hypertension with reversal of shunt), pulmonary artery pressure rises to near-systemic levels, the pressure gradient only exists in systole, and the continuous murmur shortens to systolic only (or disappears entirely). This is a well-recognized clinical finding.

Summary Table

Option	Statement	Verdict
A	TOF always has large VSD	FALSE - Answer
B	TOF may present without cyanosis	True ("pink tet")
C	ASD ideal Rx is closure	True
D	PDA may present in older children	True
E	Advanced PDA may have only systolic murmur	True

The answer is A. The word "always" makes it wrong - while the VSD in TOF is characteristically large, the clinical spectrum varies, and clinical severity is governed by RVOT obstruction. Some sources describe the VSD as uniformly large (nonrestrictive), but stating it is "always" a specific size is an oversimplification, and this option is the most clearly false of all the choices.

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