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Doap ophthalmology……..and related viva questions. ….. determine the anterior chamber depth , elicit iris shadow, blink reflex , me nance reflex, hirschberg test ,cover and uncover test,pupillary reaction,upper lid eversion,foreign body eversion,irrigation of eye,giving pad and bandage , spherical lens and cylindrical lens, lig lag demonstrate

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That's your complete Ophthalmology DOAP guide. Here's a quick orientation to what's covered:
All 13 stations covered:
  1. Anterior Chamber Depth - penlight oblique technique + Van Herick grading (slit lamp)
  2. Iris Shadow - oblique illumination; absent in mature cataract, present in immature
  3. Blink Reflex - CN V afferent / CN VII efferent arc
  4. Menace Reflex - cortical reflex, absent in blindness, develops at 3-6 months age
  5. Hirschberg Test - corneal reflex position; 1 mm = 7°; nasal displacement = exotropia
  6. Cover & Uncover Test - cover test finds heterotropia (manifest); uncover test finds heterophoria (latent)
  7. Pupillary Reactions - direct, consensual, near reflex, swinging flashlight (RAPD)
  8. Upper Lid Eversion - patient looks DOWN, cotton bud at tarsal plate superior border
  9. Foreign Body Removal - conjunctival vs corneal; rust ring requires bur drill
  10. Eye Irrigation - 15-30 min saline, pH target 7.2-7.4; alkali burns worse than acid
  11. Pad and Bandage - eye MUST be closed, diagonal tapes; contraindicated in perforation
  12. Spherical vs Cylindrical Lens - with/against movement; scissors movement = cylindrical
  13. Lid Lag - Von Graefe's sign, thyroid eye disease; differentiate from lagophthalmos
Key exam tips:
  • Always mention topical anesthetic before any lid/corneal manipulation
  • Lid eversion: patient looks DOWN (relaxes levator)
  • Lid lag: move finger DOWN slowly, eye must follow without head movement
  • Cylindrical lens = "scissors/break" movement on rotation - this is the hallmark identifier
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