Give definition of anxiety and enumerate its associated manifestations with reference from standard psychiatry book

Reading File
Finding Sources
Finding Sources
Searching PubMed

anxiety manifestations

Searching the Web

anxiety definition manifestations psychiatry textbook

Finding Sources
Finding Sources
Reading File
Reading File
Reading File
Finding Sources
Definition
Anxiety is a diffuse, unpleasant, vague feeling of apprehension, usually accompanied by autonomic symptoms. It involves awareness of physiologic sensations such as palpitations and sweating, along with a subjective feeling of nervousness or fear. Unlike fear, which is a response to an identifiable present danger, anxiety is directed toward an anticipated or impending danger.
Associated manifestations of anxiety
  1. Psychological / emotional
    • Apprehension, dread, or feeling that something bad may happen
    • Nervousness, fearfulness, irritability
    • Feeling tense, “on edge,” restless, or unable to relax
    • Sense of impending doom
  2. Cognitive
    • Excessive worry and rumination
    • Poor concentration and distractibility
    • Hypervigilance
    • Difficulty making decisions
    • Feeling of unreality or detachment in severe anxiety
  3. Autonomic / cardiovascular
    • Palpitations and tachycardia
    • Sweating, especially palmar sweating
    • Flushing or pallor
    • Tremulousness
    • Dry mouth
    • Dizziness or light-headedness
  4. Respiratory
    • Rapid breathing or hyperventilation
    • Shortness of breath
    • Chest tightness or choking sensation
  5. Gastrointestinal / genitourinary
    • Nausea, abdominal discomfort, “butterflies” in the stomach
    • Diarrhea or constipation
    • Urinary frequency or urgency
  6. Neuromuscular and behavioral
    • Muscle tension, aches, headache
    • Restlessness, fidgeting, pacing
    • Startle response
    • Avoidance of feared situations
    • In severe anxiety: freezing, escape behavior, or seeking repeated reassurance
Reference: Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry, section “Anxiety Disorders,” states that anxiety is “a diffuse, unpleasant, vague sense of apprehension, usually accompanied by autonomic symptoms,” and distinguishes it from fear because it concerns impending rather than overt danger. Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry, 12th ed., Anxiety Disorders, p. 478.
This is a shared conversation. Sign in to Orris to start your own chat.