Generate a PowerPoint presentation well described well oriented mbbs first year batch professor level revision class for pgims university level on topic haem metabolism, metabolic cycles and vitamin and also add questions asking in the last
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Haem Metabolic Cycles Vitamins PGIMS
Presentation · PPTX
What's Inside (24 Slides Total)
The presentation uses a deep navy + red/teal/orange/purple design palette - professional, dark-background academic theme suited for projection in a lecture hall.
Section 1 - HAEM METABOLISM (7 slides)
| Slide | Content |
|---|---|
| Structure of Haem | Iron-porphyrin structure, functions (HMCCP mnemonic), haemoproteins |
| Haem Synthesis Pathway | All 8 steps with enzymes, sites (mitochondria vs cytosol), PLP/B6 requirement |
| Lead Poisoning Table | ALA Dehydratase + Ferrochelatase inhibition, clinical signs |
| Porphyrias | Hepatic (AIP, PCT, VP) vs Erythropoietic (CEP, EPP) - "5Ps of AIP" mnemonic |
| Haem Degradation | Haem → Biliverdin → Unconjugated → Conjugated → Urobilinogen |
| Jaundice Types Table | Pre-hepatic / Hepatic / Post-hepatic - 7-row differential with lab findings |
| Neonatal Jaundice | Crigler-Najjar I & II, Kernicterus pathology, phototherapy mechanism |
Section 2 - METABOLIC CYCLES (5 slides)
| Slide | Content |
|---|---|
| TCA Cycle Overview | 3 regulated irreversible enzymes, activation/inhibition, energy yield |
| TCA Cycle Table | All 8 steps with enzymes and products |
| Urea Cycle | 5 steps (mitochondria + cytosol), CPS-I/NAG, OTC deficiency (X-linked), hyperammonaemia Rx |
| Cori Cycle + Cahill Cycle | Two-column comparison - energy economics, clinical relevance (metformin/lactic acidosis) |
| HMP Shunt | NADPH functions, G6PD deficiency - Heinz bodies, precipitants, malaria protection |
| Fatty Acid Metabolism | β-Oxidation vs synthesis, carnitine shuttle, MCAD deficiency, ACC/Biotin |
Section 3 - VITAMINS (5 slides)
| Slide | Content |
|---|---|
| Fat-Soluble A & D | Night blindness → Keratomalacia; Rickets/Osteomalacia; activation pathway; toxicity |
| Fat-Soluble E & K | Vit E antioxidant role; Vit K coagulation factors (1972 mnemonic); Warfarin/VKOR |
| B-Complex Table | All 8 B vitamins - active coenzyme, function, deficiency disease |
| Key B Vitamins | B1 (Wernicke-Korsakoff), B3 (Pellagra/4Ds), B12 (SCD of cord, Schilling test) |
| Vitamin C + Interactions | Scurvy signs, collagen synthesis, B12/Folate trap interaction, fat-soluble clusters |
| Fat-Soluble Deficiency Table | Quick-reference toxicity table |
Section 4 - EXAM QUESTIONS (10 MCQs)
Each question has colour-coded options (correct answer highlighted in green), with the answer and explanation shown at the bottom. Questions cover:
- Porphyria identification (CEP)
- Urea cycle enzyme (CPS-I)
- Wernicke's - Thiamine before glucose
- Rate-limiting step in haem degradation (Haem Oxygenase)
- G6PD deficiency & HMP shunt
- Cori vs Cahill cycle
- Neonatal jaundice cause
- Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets Type I
- TCA/ETC shared enzyme (Succinate Dehydrogenase)
- Folate masking B12 deficiency neurological signs
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