Write a short note with important points for My MD Anaesthesiology exa

Write a short note with important points for My MD Anaesthesiology exam reference from Anesthesia books

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Write a notes on diastolic dysfunction and its importance in Anaesthesiology

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"diastolic dysfunction" AND anesthesia

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These notes cover everything you need for your MD Anaesthesiology exam on diastolic dysfunction. Here's a quick orientation to the structure:

What's covered:

Physiology - the four phases of diastole with the physiological basis for dysfunction
Causes - the four basic mechanisms with clinically relevant associations
Pathophysiology - active vs. passive components, the P-V relationship, and the HFpEF concept (a common exam question)
Echo grading - all four grades including the classic pseudonormal trap with E/A, DT, IVRT, e', and E/e' ratios in a table
Anaesthetic significance - seven reasons why this matters perioperatively
Perioperative management - pre/intra/postoperative goals in a table format
Drug effects - each agent's impact on diastolic function
Special contexts - cardiac surgery, elderly, sepsis, obstetrics
Quick recall box - for last-minute revision before the exam

High-yield exam points to memorise:

E/e' > 15 = elevated LVEDP (regardless of E/A appearance)
Pseudonormal pattern (Grade II) has normal E/A but low e' - tissue Doppler is the key to unmask it
Atrial contraction contributes 20-40% of CO in dysfunction - loss of sinus rhythm is catastrophic
Vasopressors > fluid boluses when managing hypotension in these patients
Normal EF does not exclude haemodynamically significant diastolic heart failure

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