Classification of dyspepsia and differences between the functional and organic forms. The main reasons for the development of dyspeptic syndrome. Diagnostic criteria for gastric dyspepsia. Diagnostic criteria for intestinal dyspepsia. Diagnostic criteria for pancreatic dyspepsia. Diagnostic criteria for hepatic dyspepsia. Diagnostic criteria for biliary dyspensia The main aggressive and protective factors of the gastric mucosa. Diagnostic criteria for chronic cholecystitis. Diagnostic criteria for chronic pancreatitis. Diagnostic criteria for enteritis. or Diagnostic criteria for colitis. Differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Laboratory and instrumental methods for diagnosing pancreatitis. Complications of gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Basic methods of instrumental diagnostics of peptic ulcer disease. Basic approaches to the treatment of gastric dyspepsia. Basic approaches to the treatment of intestinal dyspepsia. Principles of treatment of dyspeptic syndrome in pancreatitis and cholecystitis.
Quick Navigation Guide
| # | Topic | Key Points |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Classification of dyspepsia | Uninvestigated → Organic vs. Functional; Rome IV (PDS/EPS) |
| 2 | Causes of dyspeptic syndrome | PUD, GERD, cancer, biliary/pancreatic, drugs, H. pylori; functional mechanisms |
| 3 | Gastric dyspepsia criteria | Rome IV: postprandial fullness, early satiation, epigastric pain/burning ≥6 months |
| 4 | Intestinal dyspepsia criteria | Lower abdominal bloating, altered bowel habits, flatulence, steatorrhea |
| 5 | Pancreatic dyspepsia criteria | Back-radiating pain, steatorrhea, weight loss, postprandial aggravation, new DM |
| 6 | Hepatic dyspepsia criteria | RUQ heaviness, anorexia, fat intolerance, jaundice, signs of liver disease |
| 7 | Biliary dyspepsia criteria | Episodic RUQ biliary colic, fat intolerance, nausea, Murphy's sign |
| 8 | Aggressive vs. protective factors | HCl/pepsin/H. pylori/NSAIDs vs. mucus/bicarbonate/prostaglandins/blood flow |
| 9 | Chronic cholecystitis | Recurrent biliary colic, US showing stones + thickening, HIDA ejection fraction |
| 10 | Chronic pancreatitis | Pain + steatorrhea + DM; calcifications/ductal changes on CT; ↓ fecal elastase |
| 11 | Enteritis criteria | Periumbilical pain, watery diarrhea, malabsorption; biopsy for definitive diagnosis |
| 12 | Colitis criteria | Bloody mucoid diarrhea, tenesmus, elevated CRP/fecal calprotectin; colonoscopy |
| 13 | Crohn's vs. UC | Skip lesions/transmural/ileocolonic/fistulas vs. continuous/mucosal/rectal/bloody |
| 14 | Pancreatitis diagnostics | Lipase ≥3×ULN, CT severity index, MRCP, EUS (Rosemont), fecal elastase |
| 15 | PUD complications | Hemorrhage, perforation, penetration, obstruction, malignant transformation |
| 16 | PUD instrumental diagnosis | EGD (gold standard), barium series, H. pylori tests, CT, gastrin/pH-metry |
| 17 | Treatment of gastric dyspepsia | Test-and-treat H. pylori; PPI (EPS); prokinetics (PDS); TCAs; CBT |
| 18 | Treatment of intestinal dyspepsia | Target cause (diet/gluten-free/antibiotics/enzymes); antispasmodics, probiotics |
| 19 | Treatment in pancreatitis/cholecystitis | PERT + PPI; analgesics; alcohol cessation; UDCA; cholecystectomy; low-fat diet |