How to make 10d fluid
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10D fluid preparation composition intravenous dextrose solution
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10D fluid refers to a 10% Dextrose solution (D10W — 10g dextrose per 100 mL of water). Here is how it is prepared and its key details:
10% Dextrose (10D) Fluid
Composition
| Component | Amount per 1000 mL |
|---|---|
| Dextrose (glucose) | 100 g |
| Water for injection | q.s. to 1000 mL |
| Osmolarity | ~505 mOsm/L (hypertonic) |
| Caloric content | ~340 kcal/L |
| pH | 3.5–6.5 |
Preparation (Extemporaneous / Bedside)
When a premade 10D bag is unavailable, it can be made from available stocks:
Method 1: From 50% Dextrose (D50W) + Water
- Take 200 mL of D50W (50% dextrose)
- Add 800 mL of Sterile Water for Injection (SWFI)
- Final volume: 1000 mL of 10% dextrose
Method 2: From 5% Dextrose (D5W) + 50% Dextrose
- Take 900 mL of D5W
- Add 100 mL of D50W
- Final volume: 1000 mL of 10% dextrose
- Verification: (0.05 × 900) + (0.50 × 100) = 45 + 50 = 95g ≈ ~10% ✓
More precisely: to get exactly 10g/100mL in 1L, add 50 mL of D50W to 950 mL of D5W → (50×0.5) + (950×0.05) = 25 + 47.5 = 72.5g — this doesn't work cleanly. Use Method 1 for exact concentration.
Method 3: From Dextrose Powder (pharmacy compounding)
- Dissolve 100 g of anhydrous dextrose in SWFI
- Bring to a final volume of 1000 mL
- Sterilize by filtration (0.22 µm) or autoclave
- Perform quality checks (pH, clarity, sterility)
Clinical Uses
- Neonatal hypoglycemia — first-line glucose infusion in neonates
- Severe hypoglycemia when D50W is not available or too concentrated
- Maintenance fluids in neonates and premature infants
- Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) as a component
- Hyperkalemia treatment — alongside insulin to shift K⁺ intracellularly
Important Notes
- 10D is hypertonic — avoid peripheral administration for prolonged infusions (risk of thrombophlebitis); prefer central line for continuous infusion
- Always label clearly with concentration, date, time, and preparer
- Use aseptic technique throughout preparation
- Additions (e.g., electrolytes) must be calculated carefully to avoid incompatibilities
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