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Do u knw in opd besis what is treatment for malaria vivax and falcifarum
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malaria vivax outpatient OPD treatment chloroquine primaquine
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malaria falciparum uncomplicated outpatient treatment artemisinin combination therapy
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Here is a concise OPD (outpatient) treatment guide for both types:
OPD Treatment of Malaria
🦟 P. vivax Malaria
(WHO Malaria Guidelines, p. 191 | Harrison's 21st Ed., p. 6443)
1. Chloroquine (Blood schizonticide)
| Day | Dose |
|---|---|
| Day 1 | 10 mg base/kg (loading dose) |
| Day 2 | 10 mg base/kg |
| Day 3 | 5 mg base/kg |
- Total dose: 25 mg base/kg over 3 days
- Adult standard: 600 mg → 600 mg → 300 mg (base)
2. Primaquine (Radical cure — kills hypnozoites to prevent relapse)
- 15 mg/day × 14 days (standard regimen)
- 30 mg/day × 14 days in areas with high relapse rates (e.g., Southeast Asia, Oceania)
- ⚠️ Check G6PD status before prescribing — primaquine causes hemolysis in G6PD deficiency
- Contraindicated in pregnancy and infants
Without primaquine, relapses begin 5–7 weeks after treatment.
🦟 P. falciparum Malaria (Uncomplicated)
(Harrison's 21st Ed., p. 6443)
First-line: Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT)
Common ACT regimens used in OPD:
| Regimen | Dose | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Artemether-Lumefantrine (Coartem) | 4 tabs twice daily | 3 days |
| Artesunate + Amodiaquine | Weight-based | 3 days |
| Artesunate + Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AS+SP) | Single dose SP + artesunate 3 days | 3 days |
| Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ) | Once daily | 3 days |
- The choice of ACT depends on local resistance patterns
- Add single low-dose Primaquine (0.25 mg/kg, single dose) as a gametocytocidal agent to reduce transmission (not for radical cure)
⚠️ Key OPD Criteria (When NOT to treat as OPD)
Refer to IPD / hospital if any danger signs:
- Altered consciousness
- Hyperparasitemia (>5% parasitized RBCs)
- Severe anemia, jaundice, renal failure
- Vomiting (unable to take oral drugs)
- Hypoglycemia, respiratory distress
Bottom line:
- Vivax → Chloroquine 3 days + Primaquine 14 days (after G6PD check)
- Falciparum → ACT for 3 days (artemether-lumefantrine most commonly used)
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