This diagnostic image is an axial view Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the head, specifically focusing on the orbits and brain. The scan demonstrates significant bilateral proptosis (exophthalmos), characterized by the anterior displacement of the globes relative to the orbital rims. A horizontal white line and a white arrow on the left side highlight the degree to which the eyeballs protrude beyond the lateral orbital margin. Visible within the retrobulbar space is evidence of extraocular muscle enlargement and orbital fat hypertrophy, typical findings associated with Graves' ophthalmopathy (thyroid-associated orbitopathy). The optic nerves are visible and appear stretched due to the globe displacement. The brain section shows the midbrain, cerebral hemispheres with visible gyri and sulci, and the interhemispheric fissure. This image serves as an educational tool for identifying radiological signs of restrictive orbitopathy and secondary complications like proptosis.

Clinical photograph of a 53-year-old male presenting with bilateral Graves' ophthalmopathy (thyroid eye disease). The image focuses on the periocular region, demonstrating bilateral exophthalmos (proptosis) characterized by the protrusion of the globes from the orbits. Significant scleral show is visible, particularly inferior to the iris, contributing to a characteristic 'staring' expression or Dalrymple's sign. The patient is wearing corrective eyeglasses and a surgical face mask, indicating a clinical setting. This visual illustrates the extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves' disease, an autoimmune condition causing hypertrophy of extraocular muscles and orbital adipose tissue. The image is an educational resource for medical professionals to recognize clinical signs of hyperthyroidism-associated orbitopathy and for calculating Clinical Activity Scores (CAS) in endocrinology and ophthalmology.

This clinical comparison chart presents three sets (a, b, c) of pre- and post-operative facial photographs documenting the results of bilateral orbital decompression in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (thyroid eye disease). The 'before' images on the left consistently demonstrate significant proptosis (exophthalmos), characterized by ocular prominence, upper eyelid retraction, and excessive scleral show both superiorly and inferiorly. In case (a), there is also visible conjunctival injection and chemosis. The 'after' images on the right, taken 6 months to 2 years post-surgery, show a marked reduction in globe protrusion (measured between 3–5 mm reduction per eye). Key visual improvements include a normalized eyelid position with reduced retraction, decreased scleral exposure, and a more relaxed periocular skin appearance. These images illustrate the surgical management of Graves' ophthalmopathy to reduce orbital volume, protecting the ocular surface and improving aesthetic outcomes by resolving the 'staring' expression associated with the disease.