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Here are all questions from the 6 Physiology question papers (BOT First Year): December 2022 (Regular/Supplementary) Essay (2×20=40) Define cardiac output. What is its normal value. Explain the regulation of cardiac output With the help of a neat labelled diagram, explain the structure of neuromuscular junction. Discuss the mechanism of neuromuscular transmission. Add a note on myasthenia gravis Short Essays (8×5=40) 3. Transport of carbon dioxide in blood 4. Composition of pancreatic juice. Add a note on the regulation of secretion of pancreatic juice 5. Write any five physiological actions of thyroid hormone 6. Explain the factors regulating erythropoiesis 7. Define Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Explain the factors affecting GFR 8. Spermatogenesis 9. Explain pain pathway with the help of a diagram 10. Functions of hypothalamus Short Notes (10×2=20) 11. Dark adaptation 12. Conducting system of heart 13. Peristalsis 14. Facilitated diffusion 15. Functions of middle ear 16. Functional residual capacity and its significance 17. Role of skin in temperature regulation 18. Rh incompatibility 19. Actions of oxytocin 20. Structure of a nephron February 2024 Supplementary (2020 Scheme) Essay (2×20=40) What is hemostasis. List the steps of hemostasis. Explain intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of clotting With the help of a diagram, describe the origin, course and termination of pyramidal tract. Write the differences between UMN and LMN lesions Short Essays (8×5=40) 3. Transport of oxygen in blood 4. Functions of bile 5. Active transport across cell membrane 6. Baroreceptor mechanism for the regulation of blood pressure 7. Mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscle 8. Water reabsorption from renal tubule 9. Contraceptive methods in females 10. Actions of parathyroid hormone Short Notes (10×2=20) 11. Refractory errors 12. Functions of Sertoli cells 13. Oxygen debt 14. Action potential in a neuron 15. Milk ejection reflex 16. Dead space 17. Actions of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism 18. Micturition reflex 19. Name the phases of cardiac cycle and the duration of each phase 20. Second stage of deglutition November 2021 Regular Essay (2×20=40) Define blood pressure. Give the normal values of Systolic BP, Diastolic BP and pulse pressure. List the mechanisms for regulation of BP. Explain in detail short term regulation of blood pressure Define and classify Hypoxia. Discuss the characteristic features of various types of hypoxia. Explain the neural and chemical regulation of respiration Short Essays (8×5=40) 3. Explain the mechanism of HCl secretion from parietal cell. What are the different phases of secretion of gastric juice 4. Actions of insulin 5. Classification and properties of reflex 6. Sodium reabsorption from renal tubule 7. Endometrial changes during menstrual cycle 8. Classification and functions of WBC 9. Functions of thalamus 10. Sarcotubular system of skeletal muscle Short Notes (10×2=20) 11. Juxtaglomerular apparatus 12. Enterohepatic circulation 13. Functions of placenta 14. Draw and label optic pathway 15. Functions of saliva 16. Stages of spermatogenesis 17. Taste buds 18. Functions of plasma proteins 19. Primary active transport 20. Name the hormones involved in calcium homeostasis. Write briefly the actions of any one of them April 2022 Supplementary Essay (2×20=40) Define cardiac cycle. Explain the mechanical events taking place during each cycle. Add a note on intra ventricular pressure volume changes and heart sound (5+5+3+2+5) Name the ascending tracts? Explain the origin, course and termination of each tract with a neat and labelled diagram? (5+10+5) Short Essays (8×5=40) 3. Transmission across neuromuscular junction 4. Stroke volume and its regulation 5. Chemical regulation of respiration 6. Synapse and its role in nervous system 7. Functions of basal ganglia 8. Cushing's syndrome 9. Contraceptive methods 10. What is deglutition and explain the stages Short Notes (10×2=20) 11. Spirometry 12. Lung compliance 13. Micturition 14. Cardiac output 15. Respiratory membrane 16. Anaemia 17. Platelet 18. Oxyhemoglobin 19. Diuresis 20. Oxygen debt October 2023 (2020 Scheme) Essay (2×20=40) What are the steps in formation of urine. What are the factors favouring filtration. How is glomerular filtration rate measured (15+5) Describe the different phases in menstrual cycle. Mention the role of different hormones also in it. What are the tests for ovulation (10+5+5) Short Essays (8×5=40) 3. Visual pathway and effect of lesions on it 4. Blood pressure and its short term regulation 5. Functions of surfactant 6. Coagulation of blood 7. Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve 8. Functions of Thalamus 9. Functions of small intestine 10. Factors affecting endurance and muscle strength Short Notes (10×2=20) 11. Cyanosis 12. Hypoxia 13. Dietary fiber 14. Jaundice 15. Neuron 16. Humoral immunity 17. Tidal volume 18. Oxytocin 19. Receptor for gustation 20. Calcitonin May 2023 Supplementary Essay (2×20=40) Mechanism of excitation contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. Explain sliding filament theory and resting length for muscle Which are the ascending tracts. Trace the pathway for pain from lower limbs Short Essays (8×5=40) 3. Glucose reabsorption by kidney 4. Cardiac conduction pathway 5. Chemical regulation of respiration 6. Coagulation of blood 7. Milk ejection reflex 8. Spermatogenesis 9. Functions of liver 10. Efficiency of aerobic muscular activity Short Notes (10×2=20) 11. Pallor 12. Peristalsis 13. Micturition reflex 14. Glomerular filtration membrane 15. Nephron 16. Cellular immunity 17. Hemophilia 18. Trace and label visual pathway 19. Vital capacity 20. Prolactin Answer using sembulingum textbook of physiology , According to the need