General practicals notes from basic presentation to treatments given
Asking for Preferences
Asking for Preferences
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Finding Sources
Finding Sources
Finding Sources
Finding Sources
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Finding Sources
Finding Sources
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Finding Sources
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These notes cover the full scope of General Medicine clinical practicals. Here is a quick overview of what is included:
What These Notes Cover
9 major sections structured from presentation → investigations → management:
| Section | Topics |
|---|---|
| Part 1 | History taking (SOCRATES), ABCDE examination, vital signs |
| Part 2 - Cardiovascular | Chest pain (ACS, angina, dissection, PE), Heart Failure (HFrEF/HFpEF, 4-pillar therapy), Hypertension (staging, step-wise treatment) |
| Part 3 - Respiratory | Dyspnoea differential, Pneumonia (CURB-65, antibiotics), Asthma (severity grading, BTS steps), COPD (GOLD, AECOPD, oxygen targets) |
| Part 4 - GI | Abdominal pain (regional differentials, clinical signs), Jaundice (pre/hepatic/post-hepatic), Upper GI bleed (Glasgow-Blatchford, management) |
| Part 5 - Neurology | Headache (red flags, migraine, SAH, meningitis), Stroke (FAST, syndromes, thrombolysis, thrombectomy), Seizures/Epilepsy (status epilepticus protocol) |
| Part 6 - Endocrine | Diabetes (T1/T2, DKA protocol), Thyroid (hypo/hyperthyroidism, thyroid storm) |
| Part 7 | ECG interpretation quick reference, ABG analysis |
| Part 8 | Key drugs - indications, side effects, monitoring |
| Part 9 | IV fluid types, resuscitation approach |
A few key clinical pearls to keep in mind:
- In COPD, O2 target is 88-92% (not 94-98%) to avoid suppressing hypoxic drive
- Sodium valproate is contraindicated in women of childbearing age
- In hypertensive emergencies, do not drop BP >25% in the first hour (risk of infarction)
- Do not stop long-acting insulin in DKA - continue subcutaneous background insulin throughout
Make a quick reference cheat sheet for common drug doses
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Your cheat sheet is ready:
GenMed Drug Doses CheatSheet
Presentation · PPTX
Here is what is inside (6 slides, widescreen format):
| Slide | Content |
|---|---|
| 1 - Cover | Title slide with colour-coded category tags |
| 2 - Cardiovascular | ACE inhibitors/ARBs/ARNI, Beta-blockers, Calcium channel blockers, Diuretics |
| 3 - Cardiovascular cont. | Antiplatelets (aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel), Anticoagulants (warfarin, DOACs, heparin), Statins, Anti-arrhythmics (amiodarone, digoxin, flecainide, adenosine) |
| 4 - Respiratory + Neurology | Bronchodilators (SABA/SAMA/LABA/LAMA/ICS), steroids, magnesium sulphate, montelukast; seizure drugs (lorazepam, levetiracetam, valproate, lamotrigine, carbamazepine), sumatriptan, alteplase |
| 5 - Endocrine + GI | Diabetes drugs (metformin, SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, DPP-4i, sulfonylureas, insulins), thyroid drugs (levothyroxine, carbimazole, PTU), PPIs, antiemetics, laxatives |
| 6 - Antibiotics + Emergency | Common antibiotics (amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav, Tazocin, clarithromycin, doxycycline, ceftriaxone, vancomycin, etc.); Emergency drugs (adrenaline, atropine, GTN, naloxone, flumazenil, glucose, glucagon) |
Each row shows: Drug | Standard Dose | Route/Freq | Indication | Key Notes (warnings/monitoring) - with warning symbols (⚠) on the most important safety points.
Build a drug interaction quick reference (statins + macrolides, ACE + NSAIDs, etc.)
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Drug Interactions QuickRef
Presentation · PPTX
Here's what's inside across 7 slides:
Severity colour coding used throughout
| Colour | Rating | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Dark Red | CONTRAINDICATED | Never combine |
| Red | SERIOUS | Avoid; significant harm expected |
| Orange | MAJOR | Significant risk; requires dose change or monitoring |
| Amber | MODERATE | Manageable with caution/monitoring |
| Green | MONITOR | Generally safe; watch for signs |
Slide-by-slide breakdown
| Slide | Topic | Key pairs covered |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cover + contents | Severity legend, slide map |
| 2 | CYP450 interactions | Statins + macrolides/azoles, warfarin + fluconazole/amiodarone/rifampicin/metronidazole, OCP + enzyme inducers |
| 3 | Cardiovascular | ACE/ARB + NSAIDs ("triple whammy"), ACE/ARB + K+-sparing agents, digoxin + amiodarone/CCBs/diuretics, beta-blocker + verapamil, QT-prolonging drug combinations |
| 4 | Antibiotics | Macrolides (colchicine, carbamazepine, warfarin, QT drugs), fluoroquinolones (theophylline, warfarin, iron chelation), metronidazole + alcohol, rifampicin (inducer - DOACs, OCP, ART, steroids) |
| 5 | CNS + Psychiatric | Serotonin syndrome (SSRIs + MAOIs/tramadol/triptans/lithium), SSRI + tamoxifen (CYP2D6), enzyme-inducing AEDs, lithium interactions, antipsychotics + QT/dopaminergic agents, clozapine + smoking cessation |
| 6 | Endocrine + Renal | Metformin + contrast, sulfonylureas + fluconazole/beta-blockers, insulin + steroids, SGLT2i sick-day rules, ciclosporin/tacrolimus + CYP inhibitors/rifampicin, diuretics + aminoglycosides/digoxin/lithium |
| 7 | At-a-glance summary | 24 highest-risk pairs in a two-column rapid-scan format: Drug pair → Consequence → Action |
Each row in the tables shows: Drug A | Drug B | Severity | Mechanism | Clinical Effect | Management Action - so you know exactly why an interaction occurs and what to do about it.
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