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Here is a comprehensive guide to 10 common heart diseases with their characteristic ECG changes and illustrative ECG images.

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This guide covers 12 ECG entities across 10 disease categories, with direct textbook ECG images retrieved from Harrison's, Guyton & Hall, Ganong's, and Tintinalli's. Here's a quick breakdown of what's included:
  1. Acute MI (STEMI/NSTEMI) - ST evolution, hyperacute T waves, Q waves, localization by territory
  2. Atrial Fibrillation - Absent P waves, irregularly irregular RR
  3. Atrial Flutter - Classic sawtooth F-waves, 2:1 block pattern
  4. Ventricular Fibrillation - Chaotic oscillations, coarse vs. fine VF
  5. 1° AV Block - PR > 200 ms (illustrated with PR = 0.38 s image)
  6. 2° AV Block - Wenckebach (progressive PR) and 2:1 block (both illustrated)
  7. 3° (Complete) AV Block - P-QRS dissociation (illustrated with atrial rate 107, ventricular rate 43)
  8. WPW Syndrome - Short PR + delta wave + wide QRS (full 12-lead image included)
  9. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy - Voltage criteria (Sokolow-Lyon, Cornell), strain pattern
  10. Bundle Branch Block (RBBB & LBBB) - rSR' vs. broad R/QS pattern
The serial MI evolution image (A through E panels showing normal → hyperacute → Q waves → deep inversion → recovery) is particularly useful for understanding the time course of ischemic ECG changes.

Generate a PDF reference card with ECG patterns and diagnostic criteria

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ECG Reference Card

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Here's what's included across the pages:
Page 1 - Quick-Reference Summary Table All 14 ECG conditions side-by-side: key feature, rate, rhythm, P wave, and QRS characteristics at a glance.
Pages 2-4 - Individual Condition Cards (13 conditions) Each card includes a custom-drawn ECG waveform strip and a criteria table:
  1. STEMI - ST evolution stages + territory localisation
  2. NSTEMI/UA - Wellens' syndrome, De Winter T-waves
  3. Atrial Fibrillation - f-waves, irregular RR
  4. Atrial Flutter - sawtooth pattern, 2:1 block
  5. Ventricular Fibrillation - coarse vs fine VF
  6. Ventricular Tachycardia - Brugada/Vereckei criteria mentioned
  7. First-Degree AV Block - PR > 200 ms
  8. Second-Degree AV Block - Wenckebach vs Mobitz II
  9. Third-Degree (Complete) AV Block - P-QRS dissociation
  10. WPW Syndrome - delta wave, pathway localisation
  11. LVH - Sokolow-Lyon + Cornell voltage criteria
  12. LBBB - Sgarbossa criteria for MI in LBBB
  13. RBBB - rSR' pattern, S₁Q₃T₃
Bottom of Page 4 - Reference Tables
  • Electrolyte effects (hyperkalaemia, hypokalaemia, hypercalcaemia, long QT, digoxin)
  • Normal ECG intervals (PR, QRS, QTc, axes, paper speed, amplitude)
  • STEMI territory localisation map (artery, ST elevation leads, reciprocal leads)
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