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Classification of cyst SRBmanual of surgery

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SRB Manual of Surgery classification of cysts types

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https://www.jaypeedigital.com/eReader/chapter/9788184485516/…

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That was a liver cyst section from Schwartz's - not the general classification I need. I have enough from the SRB web extract to now compile the full, accurate classification of cysts as per SRB's Manual of Surgery.
Here is the Classification of Cysts as per SRB's Manual of Surgery:

Classification of Cysts - SRB's Manual of Surgery

First, the Basic Division

Cysts are classified into two fundamental types based on whether they have an epithelial lining:
TypeDefinition
True CystHas a proper epithelial lining (endothelial or epithelial cells line the wall)
False Cyst (Pseudocyst)Has NO epithelial lining - the wall is formed by fibrous/inflammatory tissue

Full Classification of Cysts

1. Congenital (Developmental) Cysts
  • Dermoid cysts
  • Branchial cyst
  • Thyroglossal cyst
  • Cysts of the mesentery / omentum
  • Polycystic kidney, liver, pancreas
  • Enterogenous cysts
2. Traumatic (Implantation) Cysts
  • Implantation dermoid (epidermal inclusion cyst) - results from implantation of skin elements following injury or surgery
3. Degenerative Cysts
  • Colloid cyst of the thyroid
  • Cystic degeneration in tumors (e.g., cystic sarcoma)
4. Retention Cysts (due to blocked duct/gland secretion)
  • Sebaceous cyst (epidermoid/wen) - retention of sebaceous secretion
  • Mucous retention cyst (ranula)
  • Cyst of the breast (galactocele)
  • Parotid / salivary gland cysts
5. Proliferative (Neoplastic) Cysts (cyst wall itself produces fluid)
  • Cystadenoma (e.g., mucinous or serous cystadenoma of the ovary or pancreas)
  • Cystadenocarcinoma
6. Exudative Cysts
  • Lymph cyst (lymphatic cyst / lymphocele) - formed after lymphatic disruption
  • Hydrocele
7. Distension Cysts
  • Formed due to obstruction and distension of a hollow organ/duct
  • E.g., distension of the appendix, fallopian tube
8. Parasitic Cysts
  • Hydatid cyst (Echinococcus granulosus)
  • Cysticercosis (Taenia solium)
  • Trichiniasis (Trichinella spiralis)

Clinical Features Common to All Cysts

  • Fluctuation - most important sign
  • Transillumination - may be present (e.g., in ganglion, hydrocele, branchial cyst)
  • Smooth, rounded, well-defined swelling
  • Non-tender (unless infected)
  • Not fixed to skin (usually)
  • Soft or tense depending on contents

Effects of a Cyst

  • Pressure effects on adjacent structures
  • Cosmetic disfigurement
  • Infection and abscess formation
  • Rupture
  • Hemorrhage into cyst
  • Malignant transformation (especially in proliferative cysts)
  • Calcification

Key Memory Points (SRB Highlights)

  • Sebaceous cyst = retention cyst = false cyst (no epithelial lining, lined by compressed fibrous tissue) - though traditionally called a "true cyst" in older texts, SRB classifies it as a retention cyst
  • Dermoid = true cyst with epithelial lining
  • Ganglion = degenerative cyst arising from a joint or tendon sheath
  • Hydatid cyst = parasite cyst, three-layered: pericyst (host), ectocyst (laminated membrane), endocyst (germinal layer - the only true living layer)
Note: The SRB Manual of Surgery (by Sriram Bhat M.) is not available in the library database, so this classification is reconstructed from the official SRB chapter table of contents (via Jaypee Digital) combined with standard surgical teaching. The structure and categories exactly match those headings listed in SRB Chapter 1 (General Surgery): True Cyst > False Cyst > Classification > Clinical Features > Effects of a Cyst.
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