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Vertebra ki disc kisse bani hoti hai

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"intervertebral disc"

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intervertebral disc anatomy annulus fibrosus nucleus pulposus official anatomy source

Vertebrae ke beech wali intervertebral disc mainly 2 parts se bani hoti hai:
  1. Annulus fibrosus: Bahar ka tough, ring-jaisa hissa. Yeh layers of fibrocartilage se bana hota hai aur disc ko mazbooti deta hai.
  2. Nucleus pulposus: Beech ka soft, gel-like hissa. Isme paani aur proteoglycans zyada hote hain, jo shock absorber ki tarah kaam karte hain.
Disc ke upar aur neeche cartilaginous end plates hoti hain, jo vertebral body se judti hain. [Gray's Anatomy for Students] ke anusaar, adjacent vertebral bodies ke beech hyaline cartilage layers aur intervertebral disc milkar symphysis banate hain.

Intervertebral disc ka function aur blood supply samjhaiye

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"intervertebral disc" AND vascularization

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intervertebral disc blood supply avascular endplate diffusion anatomy

Intervertebral disc ke functions

  1. Shock absorber
    • Chalne, daudne, kudne ya weight uthane par vertebrae ke beech aane wale compression force ko absorb karti hai.
    • Beech ka nucleus pulposus gel jaisa hota hai, isliye pressure ko distribute karta hai.
  2. Vertebrae ko cushion aur separation dena
    • Do adjacent vertebrae ko directly takrane se bachati hai.
    • Spine ki normal height maintain karti hai.
  3. Spinal movements mein help
    • Flexion, extension, lateral bending aur limited rotation possible banati hai.
    • Bahar ka annulus fibrosus in movements ko control aur stability deta hai.
  4. Load distribution
    • Body weight aur axial load ko ek vertebra se dusre vertebra tak evenly transfer karti hai.

Blood supply / nutrition

  • Adult intervertebral disc largely avascular hoti hai, yani iske andar direct blood vessels bahut kam ya practically nahi hote.
  • Isliye disc ko oxygen aur nutrients direct artery se nahi milte.
  • Nutrients, especially oxygen aur glucose, adjacent vertebral bodies ki capillaries se cartilaginous end plates ke through diffusion se disc tak pahunchte hain.
  • Outer annulus fibrosus ke peripheral part ko thodi vascular supply mil sakti hai, lekin center ka nucleus pulposus avascular hota hai.
  • Bachchon mein nucleus pulposus relatively vascular hota hai, lekin adulthood mein avascular ho jata hai.
Is avascular nature ki wajah se disc ki healing slow hoti hai aur end plate calcification/sclerosis se nutrient diffusion kam hokar disc degeneration badh sakta hai. Textbook sources: Miller's Review of Orthopaedics, p. relevant section; Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, p. relevant section. The NCBI anatomy review also describes end plates as the main nutrient-diffusion route.
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