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MUHS FMT (Forensic Medicine & Toxicology) PYQs - 2020 to 2026

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📋 EXAM PATTERN (MUHS FMT)

• Section A: MCQs (10 marks)
• Section B: Short Answer Questions - 6 out of 7 (30 marks)
• Section C: Long Answer Questions - 1 out of 2 (10 marks)
• Total Theory: 50 marks | Practical/Oral: 50 marks

• Section A: MCQs
• Section B: Short Answer Questions
• Section C: Long Answer Questions

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📝 Summer 2021

1. Describe clinical features and treatment of Datura poisoning.
2. Discuss the medico-legal aspects of hanging. Differentiate between ante-mortem and post-mortem hanging.

1. Embalming
2. Vitriolage
3. Thanatology - stages of death
4. Docimasia pulmonum (hydrostatic test)
5. Defence wounds
6. Pugilistic attitude
7. Tattoo marks - medico-legal significance

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📝 Winter 2022 (Nov/Dec 2022)

1. A 30-year-old man is brought unconscious to casualty. Friends say he consumed some unknown substance at a party. Describe the approach to diagnosis and management of this case of unknown poisoning.
2. A body is found floating in a river. Discuss the post-mortem findings and medico-legal significance of drowning.

1. Rigor mortis - mechanism and medico-legal importance
2. Petechial haemorrhages
3. Injuries in road traffic accidents
4. Consent in medical practice - types
5. Exhumation - procedure and purpose
6. Cadaveric spasm
7. Organophosphorus compound poisoning - management

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📝 Summer 2023 (March/April 2023)

1. Classify mechanical injuries. Describe the medico-legal significance of contused lacerated wound with a case scenario.
2. Classify poisons. Describe the clinical features, mechanism of action, and treatment of organophosphorus poisoning.

1. Adipocere - formation and medico-legal importance
2. Inquest - types (Police inquest vs. Magistrate's inquest)
3. Brain death - criteria
4. Sexual offences - medico-legal examination of victim of rape
5. Diatom test in drowning
6. Wandering sign (Wrinkled skin in drowning)
7. Corrosive acid poisoning - features and management

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📝 Winter 2023 (Nov/Dec 2023)

1. A 25-year-old female is found dead in a locked room with a ligature around her neck and suspended from ceiling. Discuss the autopsy findings you would look for and medico-legal aspects of this case.
2. A labourer is brought to casualty with alleged consumption of alcohol presenting with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of vision. (a) Identify the poison. (b) Mechanism of action. (c) Systemic clinical features. (d) Management.

1. Differences between ante-mortem and post-mortem injury
2. Duties of medical witness in court
3. Judicial hanging vs. suicidal hanging
4. Superimposition technique in identification
5. Role of DNA fingerprinting in forensic medicine
6. Stab wounds - features
7. Indian Penal Code (IPC) sections related to medical profession (Sec 304A, 302)

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📝 Summer 2024 (March/April 2024)

1. Describe in detail the signs of drowning at autopsy. What is the medico-legal significance of diatom test?
2. A 35-year-old man is found dead in front of a mirror with a cut-throat injury; a blood-stained knife is firmly clasped in his hand. He has multiple superficial cuts over the flexor aspect of left forearm with reddish-brown scabs. Analyze:
   • (a) Nature of injury - suicidal, homicidal, or accidental
   • (b) PM findings suggestive of manner of injury
   • (c) Reason for cadaveric spasm (clasping of knife)
   • (d) Inference from forearm injuries (hesitation/tentative cuts)

1. Role of expert witness vs. ordinary witness
2. Stature estimation from bones
3. Decomposition changes - putrefaction
4. Entry vs. exit wound in gunshot injuries
5. Consent - informed consent and its components
6. Schedule H and Schedule X drugs
7. Methanol poisoning (cut-throat/alcohol substitute scenario)

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📝 Winter 2024 (Nov/Dec 2024)

1. Thanatology
2. Asphyxia - types and general features
3. Cheiloscopy and its forensic significance
4. Medical negligence - Bolam's test
5. POCSO Act (Protection of Children from Sexual Offences)
6. Cephalic index
7. Sexual assault - examination protocol

1. Classify asphyxia. Discuss the general post-mortem signs of asphyxia and specific findings in strangulation.
2. Enumerate and describe the legal provisions under NDPS Act relevant to medical practitioners.

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📝 Summer 2025 (Expected pattern - CBME)

• Thanatology (time since death estimation)
• Injuries: incised wounds, lacerated wounds, contusions
• Drowning - wet vs. dry, signs at autopsy
• Asphyxia and its types
• Poisons: OP compounds, Datura, methanol, corrosives, snake venom
• Rape and sexual assault - medico-legal examination
• Medical negligence, professional ethics
• Identification - age, sex, stature, race
• Brain death criteria

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🔁 HIGH-FREQUENCY REPEAT TOPICS (2020-2026)

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📌 Useful Sources for Full Paper PDFs

• FirstRanker.com - MUHS MBBS 3rd Year PYQs - has FMT 2022 Winter & 2023 Summer PDFs for direct download
• Scribd - MUHS FMT PYQs Collection - multiple years compiled
• MUHS Official Syllabus - for exam pattern reference

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MUHS FMT - Unit-wise Important PYQ List (2020-2026)

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🔴 UNIT 1 - FORENSIC PATHOLOGY (Death & Post-Mortem Changes)

Long Answer Questions (LAQ)

1. Define death. Classify and describe the signs of death. Discuss the medico-legal importance of rigor mortis and its estimation of time since death.
2. A decomposed body is found in a field. Discuss the post-mortem changes you would look for and how you would estimate time since death.
3. Describe adipocere formation - conditions, mechanism, and medico-legal importance.

Short Answer Questions (SAQ)

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🔴 UNIT 2 - IDENTIFICATION

Long Answer Questions

1. Describe the methods used for identification of an unknown dead body found at a crime scene. What is the role of DNA fingerprinting?
2. Discuss the methods of age estimation in (a) living person and (b) skeletal remains.

Short Answer Questions

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🔴 UNIT 3 - MECHANICAL INJURIES (Traumatology)

Long Answer Questions

1. Classify mechanical injuries. Describe the features and ML significance of contused lacerated wound. How do you differentiate ante-mortem from post-mortem injuries?
2. A 35-year-old is found dead with cut-throat injury, knife clasped in hand, and hesitation cuts on forearm. Analyze the nature and manner of injury.
3. Describe the PM findings and ML significance of a case of roadside accident injury.

Short Answer Questions

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🔴 UNIT 4 - ASPHYXIAL DEATHS

Long Answer Questions

1. Classify asphyxia. Describe the general PM signs of asphyxia. Discuss the specific findings in hanging vs strangulation and their ML significance.
2. A body is found floating in water. Describe the PM findings and ML aspects of drowning. What is the significance of the diatom test?
3. Differentiate between ante-mortem and post-mortem hanging. What are the PM findings in judicial hanging?

Short Answer Questions

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🔴 UNIT 5 - SEXUAL OFFENCES & CRIMES AGAINST PERSONS

Long Answer Questions

1. Describe the medico-legal examination of a victim of alleged rape. What specimens should be collected and what are the ML findings?
2. Write a medico-legal report (MLC) for a 20-year-old alleged rape victim brought to casualty.

Short Answer Questions

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🔴 UNIT 6 - MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE (Legal Provisions)

Long Answer Questions

1. What is medical negligence? Discuss with reference to Bolam's test and landmark cases (Dr. Suresh Gupta, Jacob Mathew). What are the duties of a doctor to avoid negligence?
2. Describe the provisions related to MTP Act. What are the conditions under which MTP is legally permissible?

Short Answer Questions

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🔴 UNIT 7 - TOXICOLOGY (Poisons)

Long Answer Questions

1. Classify poisons. Describe the clinical features, mechanism of action, antidote, and management of organophosphorus (OP) compound poisoning.
2. A labourer presents with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of vision after consuming illicit alcohol. (a) Identify the poison (b) Mechanism (c) Features (d) Management.
3. Describe the features and management of Datura poisoning. Enumerate drugs causing anticholinergic syndrome.
4. Classify corrosive poisons. Describe the PM findings and ML aspects of corrosive acid poisoning.

Short Answer Questions

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⭐ SUPER-REPEAT TOPICS (Must Prepare First)

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Tip for MUHS FMT: AETCOM-linked topics (professional ethics, confidentiality, consent) are compulsory in Section B since the CBME pattern. Always prepare at least one AETCOM short note per sitting.