According to park what do we give to prevent iodine deficiency disorder
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Prevention of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) - According to Park's
According to Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, the primary measure to prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders is iodized salt. Here is the complete picture:
Primary Preventive Measure: Iodized Salt
The cornerstone of IDD prevention is the replacement of common salt with iodized salt. This is the single most effective and practical public health intervention.
- India's National Goitre Control Programme was launched in 1962 with the objective of supplying iodized salt in place of common salt in endemic areas.
- In 1986, this was expanded into the IDD Control Programme (National IDD Control Programme / NIDDCP), which promoted nationwide (rather than area-specific) use of iodized salt.
- A national policy was made to fortify all edible salt in a phased manner.
- The sale of non-iodized salt for human consumption was banned under the Food Safety & Standards Act 2006 and Regulations 2011.
Four Essential Components of the National IDD Control Programme
According to Park's, the four essential components are:
| Component | Details |
|---|---|
| 1. Iodized salt | Use of iodized salt in place of common salt (main prophylactic measure) |
| 2. Monitoring and surveillance | Laboratory monitoring of iodized salt quality and urinary iodine excretion |
| 3. Manpower training | Training of health workers at all levels |
| 4. Mass communication (IEC) | Health education, posters, pamphlets, interpersonal communication to promote iodized salt consumption |
Objectives of the Programme
- Surveys to assess the magnitude of IDD in districts
- Supply of iodized salt in place of common salt
- Resurveys every 5 years to assess IDD prevalence and impact of iodized salt
- Laboratory monitoring of iodized salt and urinary iodine excretion
- Health education and publicity
Additional Notes
- Hazards of iodization (also mentioned by Park's): A mild increase in thyrotoxicosis and lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease) has been described, but the risk of iodism or iodide goitre is very small.
- IDD is not just goitre - it encompasses a wider spectrum of disorders from intrauterine life through adulthood, with cretinism being the most severe consequence.
In summary, according to Park's, we give iodized salt (in place of common salt) to prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders. This is the primary, practical, and nationally implemented prophylactic measure in India under the NIDDCP.
Source: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, "IODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERS (IDD) PROGRAMME" and "National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme" sections
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